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NIR/KW/18/2644
Master of Science (M.Sc.) Fourth Semester (C.B.C.S.) (Mathematics) Examination
PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Compulsory Paper—2
Paper—II
Time : Three Hours] [Maximum Marks : 100
Note :— Solve ONE question from each unit. Question No. 9 is compulsory.
UNIT—I
1. (a) Discuss the characteristic equation, compatibility conditions, characteristic curves and Cauchy
problem solution for a semilinear partial differential equation and solve the Cauchy problem for
the partial differential equation 2ux + 3uy = 1 with Cauchy data prescribed by the straight line
γ : βx – α y = 0 where α and β are constants. 10
(b) Discuss the integral surface, Monge direction, Monge curve, characteristic equation, compatibility
condition of the quasilinear partial differential equation. If φ(x, y, u) = c1 and ψ (x, y, u) = c2 are
the two independent first integrals of the ordinary differential equation
dx dy du
= = and φ 2u + ψ 2u ≠ 0
a b c
then show that the general solution of PDE aux + buy = c is given by h[φ(x, y, u), ψ(x, y, u)] = 0,
where h is an ordinary function. 10
2. (a) Find the solution of the following Cauchy problem and domain in which it is determined in the
(x, y) plane.
yux + xuy = 2u with u(x, 0) = f(x) for x > 0. 10
(b) Consider the Cauchy problem
2p 2 x + 9y – u = 0, u(x, 1) = –x/2.
Obtain its complete integral first and then the solution of the Cauchy problem. 10
UNIT—II
3. (a) Prove that Green’s function for a circle with Poisson formula m = 2 is :

1 1 1 R2
G( a , X) = Log − Log X − a
2π | X − a | 2π | a |2 . 10

(b) Find the Green’s function for a positive half plane bounded by x1 = 0, m > 0. 10
4. Discuss the Dirichlet problem for a sphere of radius |R with centre ‘O’. 20
UNIT—III
5. (a) Let f(x) and g(x) be continuous functions on – ∞ < x < ∞ where f(x) and g(x) satisfies the

estimates | f ( x ) | ≤ M eAx , | g ( x) | ≤ M eAx . If γ(f(x)) > 0 and γ(f(x) + γ(g(x)) < 0 then show
2 2

that k ( x ) = ∫ g (x − y) f (y) dy is continuous in – ∞ < x < ∞ satisfies the estimate | k (x) | ≤ M~ e

~
Ax 2

−∞

γ( f ( x)) γ( g( x ))
with γ( k( x )) ≤ . 10
γ (f ( x )) + γ( g( x ))

BKR—4572 1 (Contd.)
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(b) Prove that the solution of the diffusion equation for t ≥ 0 satisfying the conditions
 x 
u(x, 0) = 1, x > 0, u(x, 0) = –1, x < 0 with discontinuity at t = 0 is given by u ( x , t ) = erf  
 4t 
where the error function is defined as :
ξ
2
erf (ξ) = ∫ exp (−η ) dη .
2
10
π 0

6. (a) If u1 (x, t) and u2 (x, t) satisfy the heat equation in 0 < t ≤ c and have continuous first and second
derivatives in a given region and if both tends to u0 (xo ) as (x, t) → (xº, 0) for all values of xº
and if | u1 ( x, t ) | < M e Ax , | u 2 ( x, t ) | < M e Ax for some positive A, M then prove that u1 (x, t) and
2 2

u2 (x, t) are identical in the strip. 10

(b) Show that Cauchy problem for a parabolic equation is not necessarily well posed. 10

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UNIT—IV

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7. (a) State and prove the initial value problem of the wave equation. 10

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(b) Explain the Riemann’s method for linear hyperbolic equation in x, t. 10

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8. (a) Find the solution of the wave equation :

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1
u tt − u xx − u yy − u zz = 0 ,
c2 ww
u=0 
given that 2
when t = 0 . 10
u t = x + xy + z 
2

(b) What is the characteristic boundary value problem for the one dimensional wave equation ? Show
that it can be solved and it is well-posed. 10
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(Compulsory)
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9. (a) Find the characteristic of the equation yux – xuy = 0. 5

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(b) Prove the symmetry of Green’s function. 5

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(c) State the Maximum-Minimum principle for the heat equation. 5

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(d) Discuss the domain of Determinancy. 5

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BKR—4572 2 NIR/KW/18/2644
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