Name: Angelica A.

Malikse

Year and course: Ed-1A

Assignment: Four kind of sentence according to;

STRUCTURE

1. Simple sentence, according to the Cambridge Dictionary, is “a sentence that has only one
verb.” The Collins Dictionary defines a simple sentence as “a sentence consisting of a single
main clause.” A simple sentence is defined as “a sentence consisting of one independent clause
only. It usually has a subject and verb, and often an object or complement and one or more
adjuncts”, according to the Macmillan Dictionary.

Example:

* The dogs were barking.

* Nancy likes fantasy novels.

* Alex likes listening to music.

2. Compound sentence joins together two or more sentences whose ideas have equal value to
each other. Often this is through the use of a conjunction like ''and'' or ''but.'' Using the terms
of grammar, a simple compound sentence definition is a sentence that contains at least two
independent clauses connected with either a semicolon or a comma that is followed by a
coordinating conjunction.

Example:

* I really need to go to school, but I am too sick to get up.

* I ran out of money, so I had to stop buying things.

* I enjoy reading books, but I also like watching movies.

3. Complex sentence is a sentence that contains one independent and at least one dependent
clause (sometimes called a subordinate clause). An independent clause is a phrase that would
make sense if it were a sentence on its own, whereas a dependent clause will not form a
sentence on its own. When these two types of clauses appear in a sentence, we create a
complex sentence.
Example:

* I like to eat snacks before I watch a movie.

* Although she was considered smart, she failed all her exams.

* Whenever it rains, I like to wear my black coat.

4. A compound-complex sentence is a sentence containing one or more dependent clauses and

Example:

* While some people enjoy the hustle and bustle of city life, others prefer the
tranquility of rural areas, but regardless of their preference, everyone seeks a sense of
belonging and connection.

* The team worked tirelessly to meet the deadline, even though unexpected challenges
arose, yet they managed to deliver the project successfully and within budget.

* As the sun set over the horizon, casting a golden glow across the sky, the birds chirped
their evening songs, signaling the transition from day to night, while the city lights
sparkled in the distance, creating a magical atmosphere.

FUNCTION

1. A declarative sentence states a fact. This word can be used to describe any action or speech
that makes a statement. The usual word order for the declarative sentence is:

subject + verb.

Example:

* The sun sets in the west, painting the sky with hues of orange and pink.

* The company will launch its new product next month, aiming to revolutionize the industry.

* She studied diligently for the exam and aced it with flying colors.
2. Interrogative sentences ask a question. They ask us something. They want information, and
they always end with a question mark.

The usual word order for the interrogative sentence is:

(wh-word +) auxiliary + subject + verb...

Interrogative sentences can be positive or negative. Look at these examples

Possitive Negative

* Do you like coffee? * Don't you like coffee?

* Why did you go? * Why didn't you go?

3. Imperative sentences give a command. They tell us to do something, and they end with a full-
stop/period (.) or exclamation mark/point (!).

The usual word order for the imperative sentence is:

*base verb...

Note that there is usually no subject—because the subject is understood, it is YOU.

Imperative sentences can be positive or negative. Look at these examples

Positive Negative

* Stop! * Do not stop!

* Give her coffee. * Don't give her coffee.

4. Exclamative sentences express strong emotion/surprise—an exclamation—and they always

The usual word order for the exclamative sentence is:

What (+ adjective) + noun + subject + verb

How (+ adjective/adverb) + subject + verb

* What a liar he is!

* What an exciting movie it was!

* How he lied!

PATTERN

1. What is subject-verb agreement?

Subject-verb agreement means that a subject and its verb must be both singular or both
plural:

A singular subject takes a singular verb

A plural subject takes a plural verb

In the following examples, first identify the subject and verb, then see if the verb agrees with
the subject in being singular or plural.

1. John live in France.

2. John lives in France.

3. The arguments is sound and well supported.

4. The arguments are sound and well supported.

Analysis

Sentence 2 is correct because the subject John (singular ‘he’) ‘agrees with’ the third person
singular form of the verb to live - lives. Sentence 1 is incorrect because the subject is singular
while the verb live is plural.
Similarly, Sentence 4 is correct and Sentence 3 incorrect because the subject arguments
(plural ‘they’) requires the third person plural form of the verb to be - are.

2. Normal word order in English is subject-verb-object (SVO). Sometimes, however, the

Example:

* He reads books

* They play basketball

* She writes novels

3. The independent clause (SVC.) contains a subject (S), a verb (V), and a completer (C),.
The completer = any word or words that complete the thought.

Example:

Subject Verb Completer

* The man in the gray suit ran to get out of the rain.

* My youngest brother is a very good guitar player.

* The girl in the red dress is walking like a goddess.l

4. Subject-Verb-Indirect Object-Direct Object (S-V-IO-DO)

The indirect object usually goes before the direct object, just like in this pattern. A transitive verb is used
in this structure. This pattern is also sometimes referred to as N1 – V – N2 – N3.

Example 1:

Tom gave her flowers.

→ Tom (S) gave (V) her (IO) flowers (DO)

Martha sent him chocolates.

→ Martha (S) sent (V) him (IO) chocolates (DO)

Example 3:

Teachers provide students with knowledge.

→ Teachers (S) provide (V) students (IO) with knowledge (DO)

Example 4:

News programs show us current events.

→ News programs (S) shows (V) us (IO) current events (DO)

Example 5:

You deliver her parcel.

→ You (S) deliver (V) her (IO) parcel. (DO)

Things to remember:

An indirect object is a person or thing that the action is done to or for. It tells to whom or for
whom the action is done.