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K L Deemed to be University
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering -- KLVZA
Course Handout
2023-2024, Odd Sem
Course Title :TRANSFORMATIONTECHNIQUES, RANDOM VARIABLES
& STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
Course Code :23VL5001
L-T-P-S Structure : 2-2-0-
0 Pre-requisite
Credits 4
Course Coordinator :Koteswara Rao Sanagapallea
Team of Instructors
Teaching Associates
Syllabus ::THE RANDOM VARIABLE AND MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES: CO1: Introduction,
Review of Probability Theory, Definition of a Random Variable, Conditions for a Function to be a
Random Variable, Discrete, Continuous and Mixed Random Variables, Distribution and Density
functions, Properties, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential, Rayleigh, Conditional
Distribution, Conditional Density, Properties. Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function,
Properties of Joint Distribution, Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution and Density,
Statistical Independence, Sum of Two Random Variables, Sum of Several Random Variables, Central
Limit Theorem: Unequal Distribution, Equal Distributions. OPERATION ON ONE AND MULTIPLT
RANDOM VARIABLE-EXPECTATIONS: CO2: Introduction, Expected Value of a Random Variable,
Function of a Random Variable, Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and Skew,
Chebychev's Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating Function, Transformations of a
Random Variable: Monotonic Transformations for a Continuous Random Variable, Nonmonotonic
Transformations of Continuous Random Variable. OPERATIONS ON MULTIPLE RANDOM
VARIABLES: Joint Moments about the Origin, Joint Central Moments, Joint Characteristic Functions,
Jointly Gaussian Random Variables: Two Random Variables case, N Random Variables case, Properties,
Transformations of Multiple Random Variables, Linear Transformations of Gaussian Random Variables.
RANDOM PROCESSES — TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS:CO3: The Random Process Concept,
Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Non deterministic Processes, Distribution and Density
Functions, Concept of Stationarity and Statistical Independence. First-Order Stationary Processes, Second-
order and Wide-Sense Stationarity, Nth-order and Strict- Sense Stationarity, Time Averages and
Ergodicity, Autocorrelation Function and its Properties, Cross-Correlation Function and its Properties,
Covariance Functions, Gaussian Random Processes, Poisson Random Process. RANDOM PROCESSES
-SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS: CO4: The Power Density Spectrum: Properties, Relationship
between Power Density Spectrum and Auto correlation Function, The Cross-Power Density Spectrum,
Properties. Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System Response — Convolution, Mean and
Mean-squared Value of System Response, Auto correlation Function of Response, Cross-Correlation
Functions of Input and Output.
Text Books :1. Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles, Peyton Z.Peeb1es, TMH, 4th
Edition, 2001. 2. Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, Athanasios Papoulis and
S.Unnikrisha, PHI,4th Edition, 2002. 3. Probability and Random Processes with Applications to Signal
Processing, Henry Starkand John W.Woods, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 2001.
Reference Books :1. Schaum's Outline of Probability, Random Variables, and Random Processes, 1997.
2. An Introduction to Random Signals and Communication Theory, B P Lathi, International Textbook,
1968. 3. Probability Theory and Random Processes, P. Ramesh Babu, McGrawHill,2015.
Web Links :https://archive.nptel.ac.in/courses/117/105/117105085/
MOOCS :https://www.udemy.com/course/random-variable-random-process-problem-solving-techniques/
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Course Rationale :The course on random variables and stochastic processes provides a comprehensive
understanding of the fundamental concepts and properties in probability theory. It covers topics such as
random variables, including discrete, continuous, and mixed types, along with their distributions and
properties. The course also explores conditional distributions, vector random variables, joint distributions,
marginal distributions, and statistical independence. Additionally, it delves into operations on random
variables, expectations, moments, and transformations, including linear transformations of Gaussian
random variables. Shifting the focus to random processes, the course covers temporal characteristics such
as stationarity, ergodicity, autocorrelation functions, cross-correlation functions, and Gaussian and
Poisson random processes. Finally, the syllabus examines the spectral characteristics of random processes,
including the power density spectrum, cross-power density spectrum, and their relationship with
autocorrelation functions. Moreover, this course equips students with the necessary tools and knowledge
to analyze and work with random variables and random processes in various practical applications.
Course Objectives :Remembering: 1. Define random variables and their types (discrete, continuous,
mixed). 2. Describe the properties and distributions of specific random variables (e.g., binomial,
Poisson, Gaussian). 3. Explain the concept ofjoint distributions and statistical independence. 4. Identify
the characteristics of stationary and non-stationary random processes. 5. Define autocorrelation and
cross- correlation functions in the context of random processes. Understanding: 1. Demonstrate an
understanding of the conditions for a function to be a random variable. 2. Explain the relationship
between distribution functions and density functions. 3. Summarize the properties and characteristics of
Gaussian random variables and processes. 4. Interpret the implications of ergodicity and time averages in
random processes.
5. Explain the relationship between the power density spectrum and autocorrelation function. Apply: 1.
Apply the concept of conditional distribution and density in practical scenarios. 2. Calculate expected
values, moments, and variance of random variables. 3. Apply Chebyshev's inequality to estimate
probabilities and bounds. 4. Analyze and interpret the effects of transformations on random variables. 5.
Apply convolution to determine the response of a linear system to a random signal. Analysis: 1. Analyze
and compare different types of random variables and their distributions. 2. Analyze the properties and
characteristics ofjoint distributions and conditional distributions. 3. Analyze the impact of different
transformations on the distribution and moments of random variables. 4. Evaluate the stationarity and
statistical independence of random processes. 5. Analyze the relationship between the power density
spectrum and autocorrelation function.

COURSE OUTCOMES (COs):

Blooms
CO Taxonomy
Course Outcome (CO) PO/PSO Level
NO
(BTL)
Apply Mathematical models of random phenomena and
CO Poi,PO2 3
solve probabilistic problems.
Analyze different types of random variables and compute
1 PO2,PO1 4
statistical parameters of the random variables.
Apply random processes in the time domain and model time
CO Poi,PO2 3
varying linear systems.
Analyze random processes in frequency domains and model
2 Poi,PO2,PO4 4
spectral characteristics of LTI systems.

CO

CO4

COURSE OUTCOME INDICATORS (COIs)::

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Outcome Highest
COI-1 COI-2 COI-3 COI-4
No. BTL
Btl-1 Btl-3
Btl-2
To introduce the Apply design
CO1 3 studying of random
need and concept of sequence on -
variables
random variables random
variables

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Btl-1
Btl-4
To impart
Btl-2 BtI-3 Analyze random
knowledge about
To impart Applying variables and
CO2 4 different strategies
knowledge about formulation on compute statistical
adopted in the
random variables random parameters of the
analysis of random
variables random variables.
variable
Btl-1
Btl-2
To introduce BtI-3
To understand
random process to Applying random
random process to
CO3 3 processes in the processes in
track the response of
time domain and model time-
the system through a
model time- varying linear
predefined trajectory
varying linear systems.
systems.
BtI-3
Btl-1 Btl-2 Apply random Btl-4
To remember To understand processes in model Analyse
CO4 4
different types random processes spectral random
of random in frequency characteristics of LTI processes of
process domains systems. LTI systems

PROGRAM OUTCOMES & PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (POs/PSOs)

Program Outcome
No.
Apply the knowledge of science, mathematics, and engineering principles for developing
PO1 problem solving attitude and get sound knowledge in the theory, principles and applications of
VLSI Circuits and Systems.
PO2 Configure recent EDA tools, apply test conditions, deploy and manage them.
Design and conduct experiments, analyze and interpret data, imbibe programming skills for
PO3
development of simulation experiments.
Ability to demonstrate the knowledge of engineering solutions, and function as a member of a
PO4
multidisciplinary team with sense of ethics, integrity and social responsibility.
PO5 To develop, design and implement projects with given specifications, in order to cater industrial needs.
Ability to investigate develops and carries out research to solve industrial problems related to
PO6
designing and testing of VLSI systems.
Design a system, component or process as per social needs and specifications and also will be aware
PO7
of contemporary issues.

Lecture Course DELIVERY Plan:

Book No[CH Teaching-Learning
Sess.No. CO COI Topic EvaluationComponents
No][Page No] Methods

ALM,ATTN,End
Introduction to
COI- course and Semester Exam,Home
CO1 1 TB1-CH1-1-4 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Assignment,SEM-
Random Variables
EXAM1,Tutoria1

2 CO1 COI- Review of TB1-CH2-41- Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk ALM,ATTN,End

1 Probability Theory, 47 Semester Exam,Home
Definition of a Assignment,SEM-
Random Variable, EXAM1,Tutoria1
Conditions for a

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Book No[CH Teaching-Learning

Sess.No CO COI Topic EvaluationComponents
No][Page No] Methods
.
Function to be a
Random Variable

Discrete,
Continuous, and ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Mixed Random Semester
3 COI 2 Variables, TB!-CH2-44-51 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Exam,Home
Distribution and Assignment,SEM-
Density functions EXAM1,Tutoria1

Properties,
Binomial, Poisson,
Uniform, Gaussian,
ALM,ATTN,End
Exponential,
COI- Semester
4 COI Rayleigh, TB-CH2 44-60 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
2 Exam,Home
Conditional
Distribution, Assignment,SEM-
Conditional Density EXAM1,Tutoria1
Properties.

Vector Random
Variables, Joint
Distribution
Function, Properties
of Joint
ALM,ATTN,End
Distribution,
COI- Marginal TB1 CH4 77- Semester
5 CO1 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
3 Distribution 121 Exam,Home
Functions, Assignment,SEM-
Conditional EXAM1,Tutoria1
Distribution and
Density, Statistical
Independence

Sum of
TwoRandom
Variables, Sum of ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Several Random TB1_CH4_121- Semester
6 CO1 3 Variables, Central 129 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Exam,Home
Limit Theorem: Assignment,SEM-
Unequal EXAM1,Tutoria1
Distribution, Equal
Distributions.

Introduction,
ALM,ATTN,End
Expected Value of
COI- TB1 CH4 77- Semester
7 CO2 a Random Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
1 84 Exam,Home
Variable, The
Assignment,SEM-
function of a
EXAM1,Tutoria1
Random Variable

8 CO2 COI- Moments about TB1_CH4_128- Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk ALM,ATTN,End

1 the Origin, 144 Semester
Central Moments, Exam,Home
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Variance and Assignment,SEM-
Skew, EXAM1,Tutoria1
Chebychev's

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Book No[CH Teaching-Learning

Sess.No. CO COI Topic EvaluationComponents
No][Page No] Methods
Inequality,
Characteristic
Function, Moment
Generating Function

Transformations of
a Random
Variable:
Monotonic ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Transformations for TB! CH5 153 Semester
9 CO2 a Continuous 169 - Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk Exam,Home
2
Random Variable, Assignment,SEM-
Nonmonotonic EXAM1,Tutoria1
Transformations of
Continuous
Random Variable

OPERATIONS ON
MULTIPLE
ALM,ATTN,End
RANDOM
COI- TB1 CH5 144- Semester
10 CO2 2 VARIABLES: Joint Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Exam,Home
Moments about the 157
Assignment,SEM-
Origin, Joint Central
EXAM1,Tutoria1
Moments

Joint ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Characteristic TB1_CH5_144- Semester
11 CO2 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
3 Functions, Jointly 148 Exam,Home
Gaussian Random Assignment,SEM-
Variables EXAM1,Tutoria1

Two Random ALM,ATTN,End

COI- Variables case, N TB CH5 157- Semester
12 CO2 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
4 Random Variables 169 Exam,Home
case, Properties Assignment,SEM-
EXAM1,Tutoria1

Transformations of
Multiple Random ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Variables, Linear TB1 CH5 157- Semester
13 CO2 4 Transformations of Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
169 Exam,Home
Gaussian Random Assignment,SEM-
Variables EXAM1,Tutorial

The Random
Process Concept,
ALM,ATTN,End
Classification of
COI- Processes, Semester
14 CO3 1 TB1 CH6 179 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Exam,Home
Deterministic and
Assignment,SEM-
Non deterministic
EXAM2,Tutorial
Processes

15 CO3 COI- Distribution and TB1_CH6_188 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk ALM,ATTN,End

Density Functions, Semester
Concept of Exam,Home
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Assignment,SEM-
Stationarity and EXAM2,Tutoria1

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Book No[CH Teaching-Learning

Sess.No CO COI Topic EvaluationComponents
No][Page No] Methods
.
Statistical
Independence

First-Order
ALM,ATTN,End
Stationary
COI- Semester
16 CO3 Processes, Second- TB1 CH6 185 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
2 Exam,Home
order and Wide-
Assignment,SEM-
sense stationarity
EXAM2,Tutoria1

Nth-order and
ALM,ATTN,End
Strict- Sense
COI- Semester
17 CO3 2 Stationarity, TB1 CH6 185 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Exam,Home
Time Averages
Assignment,SEM-
and Ergodicity
EXAM2,Tutoria1

Autocorrelation
Function and its ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Properties, Cross- Semester
18 CO3 Correlation TB1 CH6 194 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
3 Exam,Home
Function and its Assignment,SEM-
Properties EXAM2,Tutoria1

Covariance
ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Functions, Gaussian TB1 CH6 200- Semester
19 CO3 3 Random Processes, Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
206 Exam,Home
Poisson Random
Assignment,SEM-
Process
EXAM2,Tutoria1

The Power Density

Spectrum:
Properties, ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Relationship Semester
20 CO4 1 between Power TB1 CH7 220 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Exam,Home
Density Spectrum Assignment,SEM-
and Autocorrelation EXAM2,Tutoria1
Function

ALM,ATTN,End
The Cross-Power
21
COI- Density Spectrum,
CO4 1
Semester
TB1 CH7 230 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk Exam,Home
Properties
Assignment,SEM-
EXAM2,Tutoria1

Random Signal
ALM,ATTN,End
Response of Linear
COI- TB1 CH8 270- Semester
22 CO4 Systems: System Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
2 276 Exam,Home
Response —
Assignment,SEM-
Convolution
EXAM2,Tutoria1

ALM,ATTN,End
Mean and
COI- Semester
23 CO4 Mean- squared TB1 CH8 276 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk Exam,Home
2
Value of System
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Response Assignment,SEM-
EXAM2,Tutoria1

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Book No[CH Teaching-Learning

Sess.No CO COI Topic EvaluationComponents
No][Page No] Methods
.

ALM,ATTN,End
Autocorrelation
COI- Semester
24 CO4 Function of TB1 CH8 276 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
3 Exam,Home
Response
Assignment,SEM-
EXAM2,Tutoria1

ALM,ATTN,End
Cross-Correlation
COI- Semester
25 CO4 3 Functions of TB1_CH8_279 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Exam,Home
Input and Output
Assignment,SEM-
EXAM2,Tutorial

ALM,ATTN,End
COI- Semester
26 CO4 4 Recap of All COs TB1 TB2 TB3 Chalk,LTC,PPT,Talk
Exam,Home
Assignment,SEM-
EXAM2,Tutoria1

Lecture Session wise Teaching — Learning Plan

SESSION NUMBER : 1

Session Outcome: 1 Introduction to course and Random Variables

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Random Variables 1 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Random Variables 1 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 Talk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 2

Session Outcome: 1 Review of Probability Theory, Definition of a Random Variable, Conditions for a
Function to be a Random Variable

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

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--- NOT
Review of Probability Theory, Definition of a
20 1 Talk APPLICABLE
Random variable

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--- NOT
20 Conditions for a Function to be a Random Variable 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 3

Session Outcome: 1 Discrete, Continuous and Mixed Random Variables, Distribution and Density functions

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Discrete, Continuous and Mixed Random Variables 2 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Distribution and Density functions 2 Talk APPLICABLE

Group
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT
Discussion

SESSION NUMBER : 4

Session Outcome: 1 Properties, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential, Rayleigh, Conditional
Distribution, Conditional Density, Properties.

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Properties, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian 2 PPT APPLICABLE

Exponential, Rayleigh, Conditional Exponential, --- NOT

20 Rayleigh, Conditional Distribution,Conditiona1 1 PPT APPLICABLE
Density Properties
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 Talk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 5

Session Outcome: 1 Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Properties of Joint Distribution,
Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution and Density, Statistical Independence

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods

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One
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk
minute
paper
--- NOT
Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function,
20 1 T£tlk APPLICABLE
Properties of Joint Distribution
--- NOT
Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
Distribution and Density, Statistical Independence
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 3 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 6

Session Outcome: 1 Sum of Two Random Variables, Sum of Several Random Variables, Central Limit
Theorem: Unequal Distribution, Equal Distributions.

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Sum of Two Random Variables, Sum of Several Random
20 2 Talk APPLICABLE
Variables
--- NOT
Central Limit Theorem: Unequal Distribution, 3 pp
20 T APPLICABLE
Equal Distributions
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 3 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 7

Session Outcome: 1 Introduction, Expected Value of a Random Variable, Function of a Random Variable

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Introduction, Expected Value of a Random Variable,
20 i Talk APPLICABLE
Function of a Random Variable
--- NOT
Introduction, Expected Value of a Random Variable,
20 PPT APPLICABLE
Function of a Random Variable
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 8

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Session Outcome: 1 Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and Skew, Chebychev's
Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating Function

Teaching- Active
Tiine(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance
20 1 PPT APPLICABLE
and Skew
--- NOT
Chebychev's Inequality, Characteristic Function,
20 1 PPT APPLICABLE
Moment Generating Function
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 Talk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 9

Session Outcome: 1 Transformations of a Random Variable: Monotonic Transformations for a Continuous

Random Variable, Nonmonotonic Transformations of Continuous Random Variable

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Transformations of a Random Variable: Monotonic
20 2 Talk APPLICABLE
Transformations for a Continuous Random Variable
--- NOT
Nonmonotonic Transformations of Continuous Random
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
Variable
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 2 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 10

Session Outcome: 1 OPERATIONS ON MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES: Joint Moments about the
Origin, Joint Central Moments

Teaching- Active
Tiine(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
OPERATIONS ON MULTIPLE RANDOM
20 2 Talk APPLICABLE
VARIABLES: Joint Moments about the Origin

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--- NOT
20 Joint Central Moments 1 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 2 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 11

Session Outcome: 1 Joint Characteristic Functions, Jointly Gaussian Random Variables

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Joint Characteristic Functions, Jointly Gaussian
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
Random Variables
--- NOT
Joint Characteristic Functions, Jointly Gaussian
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
Random Variables
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 Talk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 12

Session Outcome: 1 Two Random Variables case, N Random Variables case, Properties

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Two Random Variables case, N Random Variables case,
20 2 Talk APPLICABLE
Properties
--- NOT
Two Random Variables case, N Random Variables case,
20 3 PPT APPLICABLE
Properties
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 4 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 13

Session Outcome: 1 Transformations of Multiple Random Variables, Linear Transformations of Gaussian

Random Variables

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods

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--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Transformations of Multiple Random Variables, Linear
20 T APPLICABLE
Transformations of Gaussian Random Variables
--- NOT
Transformations of Multiple Random Variables, Linear
20 3 Talk APPLICABLE
Transformations of Gaussian Random Variables
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 4 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 14

Session Outcome: 1 The Random Process Concept, Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Non
deterministic Processes

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

The Random Process Concept, Classification --- NOT

20 of Processes, Deterministic and Non 1 Talk APPLICABLE
deterministic Processes
The Random Process Concept, Classification --- NOT
20 of Processes, Deterministic and Non 1 PPT APPLICABLE
deterministic Processes
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 15

Session Outcome: 1 1 Distribution and Density Functions, Concept of Stationarity and

Statistical Independence

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Distribution and Density Functions, Concept f
20 ‘ 1 Chalk APPLICABLE
Stationarity and Statistical Independence
--- NOT
Distribution and Density Functions, Concept of
20 1 PPT APPLICABLE
Stationarity and Statistical Independence
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

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SESSION NUMBER : 16

Session Outcome: 1 First-Order Stationary Processes, Second-order and Wide-Sense Stationarity

Teaching- Active
Tiine(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
First-Order Stationary Processes, Second-order and
20
Wide-Sense Stationarity
2 chalk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
First-Order Stationary Processes, Second-order
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
and Wide-Sense Stationarity
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 17

Session Outcome: 1 Nth-order and Strict- Sense Stationarity, Time Averages and Ergodicity

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Nth-order and Strict- Sense Stationarity, Time Averages
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
and Ergodicity
--- NOT
Nth-order and Strict- Sense Stationarity, Time Averages
20 1 PPT APPLICABLE
and Ergodicity
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 2 Talk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 18

Session Outcome: 1 Autocorrelation Function and its Properties, Cross-Correlation Function and its
Properties

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Autocorrelation Function and its Properties 2 Talk APPLICABLE

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--- NOT
Autocorrelation Function and its Properties, CrOSS-
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
Correlation Function and its Properties
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 3 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 19

Session Outcome: 1 Covariance Functions, Gaussian Random Processes, Poisson Random Process

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Covariance Functions, Gaussian Random
20 2 Talk APPLICABLE
Processes, Poisson Random Process
--- NOT
Covariance Functions, Gaussian Random
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
Processes, Poisson Random Process
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 3 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 20

Session Outcome: 1 The Power Density Spectrum: Properties, Relationship between Power Density
Spectrum and Auto correlation Function

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

The Power Density Spectrum: Properties, --- NOT

20 Relationship between Power Density Spectrum and 1 Talk APPLICABLE
Auto correlation Function
The Power Density Spectrum: Properties, --- NOT
20 Relationship between Power Density Spectrum and 1 PPT APPLICABLE
Auto correlation Function
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 21

Session Outcome: 1 The Cross-Power Density Spectrum, Properties

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods

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--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 The Cross-Power Density Spectrum, Properties 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 The Cross-Power Density Spectrum, Properties 1 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 22

Session Outcome: 1 Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System Response — Convolution

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System
20 2 PPT APPLICABLE
Response — Convolution
--- NOT
Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System
20 2 Talk APPLICABLE
Response — Convolution
--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 23

Session Outcome: 1 Mean and Mean-squared Value of System Response

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Mean and Mean-squared Value of System Response 2 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Mean and Mean-squared Value of System Response 2 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 1 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 24

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Session Outcome: 1 Auto correlation Function of Response

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Auto correlation Function of Response 1 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Auto correlation Function of Response 2 Chalk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
5 Summary & Conclusion 3 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 25

Session Outcome: 1 Cross-Correlation Functions of Input and Output

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Introduction and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Cross-Correlation Functions of Input and Output 2 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Cross-Correlation Functions of Input and Output 2 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
5 Cross-Correlation Functions of Input and Output 3 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 26

Session Outcome: 1 Recap of All COs

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap of All COs 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Discussion about course CO1 and CO2 2 PPT APPLICABLE

--- NOT
20 Discussion about course CO3 and CO4 3 PPT APPLICABLE

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--- NOT
5 Final Summary & Conclusion 4 Talk APPLICABLE

Tutorial Course DELIVERY Plan:

List of Experiments supposed to finish in Open Lab Sessions:

Lab
session List of Experiments CO-Mapping
no

THE RANDOM VARIABLE AND MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES CO1

2 Problems on Conditions for a Function to be a Random Variable CO1

3 Problems on Vector Random Variables CO1

OPERATION ON ONE AND MULTIPLT RANDOM VARIABLE-

4 CO2
EXPECTATIONS

Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and Skew,

5 Chebychev's Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating CO2
Function

6 Problems on Transformations of a Random Variable CO2

7 Problems on Properties, Transformations of Multiple Random Variables CO2

The Random Process Concept, Classification of Processes, Deterministic and

8
Non deterministic Processes
co3

Problems on Distribution and Density Functions, Concept of Stationarity and

9
Statistical Independence
co3

Problems on First Order Stationary Processes, Second order and Wide Sense
10
Stationarity, Nth-order and Strict- Sense Stationarity
co3

Cross-Correlation Function and its Properties, Covariance Functions,

11
Gaussian Random Processes, Poisson Random Process
CO3

Problems on Properties, Relationship between Power Density Spectrum and

12 CO4
Auto correlation Function

Problems on Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System Response —

13 co4
Convolution, Mean and Mean-squared Value of System Response

Problems on Auto correlation Function of Response, Cross-Correlation

14 CO4
Functions of Input and Output

Tutorial Session wise Teaching — Learning Plan

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SESSION NUMBER : 1

Session Outcome: 1 THE RANDOM VARIABLE AND MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES

Teaching- Active
Tiine(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Chalk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
THE RANDOM VARIABLE AND MULTIPLE
45 1 Talk APPLICABLE
RANDOM VARIABLES
--- NOT
THE RANDOM VARIABLE AND MULTIPLE
40 1 PPT APPLICABLE
RANDOM VARIABLES
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 1 Chalk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 2

Session Outcome: 1 Remembering-Problems on Conditions for a Function to be a Random Variable

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Chalk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Problems on Conditions for a Function to be a Random
40 1 Talk APPLICABLE
Variable
--- NOT
Solving Problems on Conditions for a Function to be £t
45 1 Talk APPLICABLE
Random Variable
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 1 Chalk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 3

Session Outcome: 1 Problems on Vector Random Variables

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Chalk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
40 Problems on Vector Random Variables 1 Talk APPLICABLE

45 Solving on Vector Random Variables 1 Talk --- NOT

APPLICABLE

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--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 1 Chalk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 4

Session Outcome: 2 OPERATION ON ONE AND MULTIPLT RANDOM VARIABLE-EXPECTATIONS

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
problems on OPERATION ON ONE AND MULTIPLT
40 2 Talk APPLICABLE
RANDOM VARIABLE-EXPECTATIONS
--- NOT
Solving on OPERATION ON ONE AND
45 2 Chalk APPLICABLE
MULTIPLT RANDOM VARIABLE-
EXPECTATIONS
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 1 Chalk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 5

Session Outcome: 2 Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and Skew, Chebychev's
Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating Function

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 2 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Problems on Moments about the Origin, Central
40 2 Chalk APPLICABLE
Moments, Variance and Skew
--- NOT
Problems on Chebychev's Inequality, Characteristic
45 2 Chalk APPLICABLE
Function, Moment Generating Function
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 2 Chalk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 6

Session Outcome: 2 Problems on Transformations of a Random Variable

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
5 Recap and Attendance 2 Chalk --- NOT
APPLICABLE

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--- NOT
40 Problems on Transformations of a Random Variable 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
45 Problems on Transformations of a Random Variable 2 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 1 Talk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 7

Session Outcome: 2 Problems on Properties, Transformations of Multiple Random Variables

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 2 Chalk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Problems on Properties, Transformations of Multiple
40 2 chalk APPLICABLE
Random Variables
--- NOT
Problems on Properties, Transformations of Multiple
45 2 chalk APPLICABLE
Random Variables
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 2 Chalk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 8

Session Outcome: 3 The Random Process Concept, Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Non
deterministic Processes

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Chalk APPLICABLE

Problems on The Random Process Concept, --- NOT

40 Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Non 3 Chalk APPLICABLE
deterministic Processe
Problems on The Random Process Concept, --- NOT
45 Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Non 3 Chalk APPLICABLE
deterministic Processe
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 2 Talk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 9

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Session Outcome: 3 Problems on Distribution and Density Functions, Concept of Stationarity and Statistical
Independence

Teaching- Active
Tiine(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
40 Problems on Distribution and Density Functions 3 Chalk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Problems on Concept of Stationarity and StatiStical
45 3 Chalk APPLICABLE
Independence
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 2 Chalk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 10

Session Outcome: 3 Problems on First Order Stationary Processes, Second order and Wide Sense
Stationarity, Nth-order and Strict- Sense Stationarity

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

One
40 Problems on Distribution and Density Functions Chalk
minute
paper
One minute
45 Problems on Distribution and Density Functions PPT
paper
One minute
10 Results and Discussion Talk
paper

SESSION NUMBER : 11

Session Outcome: 3 Cross-Correlation Function and its Properties, Covariance Functions, Gaussian Random
Processes, Poisson Random Process

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Problems on Cross-Correlation Function and its
40 3 Chalk APPLICABLE
Properties, Covariance Functions
--- NOT
Problems on Gaussian Random Processes,
45 3 Talk APPLICABLE
Poisson Random Process

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--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 2 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 12

Session Outcome: 4 Problems on Properties, Relationship between Power Density Spectrum and Auto
correlation Function

Teaching- Active
Time(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Problems on Properties, Relationship between Power
40 4 chalk APPLICABLE
Density Spectrum
--- NOT
Problems on Properties, Relationship between
45 2 Chalk APPLICABLE
Auto correlation Function
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 2 PPT APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 13

Session Outcome: 4 Problems on Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System Response —
Convolution, Mean and Mean-squared Value of System Response

Teaching- Active
Tiine(min) Topic BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods
--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Problems on Random Signal Response of Linear
40 3 PPT APPLICABLE
Systems: System Response
--- NOT
Problems on Convolution, Mean and Mean-squared
45 3 PPT APPLICABLE
Value of System Response
--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 4 Chalk APPLICABLE

SESSION NUMBER : 14

Session Outcome: 4 Problems on Auto correlation Function of Response, Cross-Correlation Functions of

Input and Output

Teaching- Active
Time(min) iOQIC BTL Learning Learning
Methods Methods

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--- NOT
5 Recap and Attendance 1 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
40 Problems on Auto correlation Function of Response 3 Talk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
Problems on Cross-Correlation Functions of Input and
45
Output
3 chalk APPLICABLE

--- NOT
10 Results and Discussion 2 PPT APPLICABLE

Practical Course DELIVERY Plan: NO Delivery Plan Exists

Practical Session wise Teaching — Learning Plan

No Session Plans Exists

Skilling Course DELIVERY Plan: NO Delivery Plan Exists

Skilling Session wise Teaching — Learning Plan

No Session Plans Exists

WEEKLY HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS/ PROBLEM SETS/OPEN ENDEDED PROBLEM-SOLVING EXERCISES

etc:

Assignment Assignment
Week Topic Details CO
Type No

COURSE TIME TABLE:

Hour 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Day Component
Theory --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Tutorial -- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Mon
Lab
Skilling
Theory --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Tutorial
Tue Lab
Skilling -- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Theory
Tutorial
Wed Lab
Skilling
Theory
Thu Tutorial

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Lab -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Skilling
Theory
Tutorial
Lab
Skilling
Theory
Tutorial
Sat Lab
Skilling
Theory
Tutorial
Sun Lab
Skilling

REMEDIAL CLASSES:

Supplement course handout, which may perhaps include special lectures and discussions that would be
planned, and schedule notified according

SELF-LEARNING:

Assignments to promote self-learning, survey of contents from multiple sources.

Topics CO ALM References/MOOCS

DELIVERY DETAILS OF CONTENT BEYOND SYLLABUS:

Content beyond syllabus covered (if any) should be delivered to all students that would be planned, and
schedule notified accordingly.
Advanced Topics, Additional Reading,
S.no cO ALM References/MOOCS
Research papers and any

EVALUATION PLAN:

Evaluation Evaluation Assessment Duration

Weightage/Marks COI CO2 CO3 CO4
Type Component Dates (Hours)
End
Semester Weightage 40 10 10 10 10
End Semester
Summative 25,09,2023 180
Exam
Evaluation Max Marks 100 25 25 25 25
Total= 40 %
Semesterin Weightage 18 9 9
In Semester 25,09,2023 120
Summative ExåIR-I Max Marks 50 25 25
Evaluation Semesterin Weightage 25,09,2023 9 9
18 120
Total= 36 % 25 25
ExåIR-II Max Marks 50

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Weightage 8 2 2 2 2
ALM 25,09,2023 60
I In Semester Max Marks 40 10 10 10 10
Formative Weightage 8 2 2 2 2
Evaluation Tutorial Max Marks 100 25,09,2023 60
25 25 25 25
Total= 24 o
Home Assignment Weightage 8 25,09,2023 2 2 2 2
and Textbook 60
Max Marks 40 10 10 10 10

ATTENDANCE POLICY:

Every student is expected to be responsible for regularity of his/her attendance in class rooms and
laboratories, to appear in scheduled tests and examinations and fulfill all other tasks assigned to him/her in
every course
In every course, student has to maintain a minimum of 85% attendance to be eligible for appearing in
Semester end examination of the course, for cases of medical issues and other unavoidable circumstances
the students will be condoned if their attendance is between 75% to 85% in every course, subjected to
submission of medical certificates, medical case file and other needful documental proof to the concerned
departments

DETENTION POLICY :

In any course, a student has to maintain a minimum of 85% attendance and In-Semester Examinations to be
eligible for appearing to the Semester End Examination, failing to fulfill these conditions will deem such
student to have been detained in that course.

PLAGIARISM POLICY :

Supplement course handout, which may perhaps include special lectures and discussions

COURSE TEAM MEMBERS, CHAMBER CONSULTATION HOURS AND CHAMBER VENUE DETAILS:

Supplement course handout, which may perhaps include special lectures and discussions
Chamber
Delivery Sections Chamber Chamber Signature
Name of Consultation
Component of Consultation Consultation of Course
Faculty Timings for
of Faculty Faculty Day (s) Room No: faculty:
each day
Koteswara
Rao L 1-MA - - -
Sanagapallea
Koteswara
Rao T 1-MA
Sanagapallea

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

Students should come prepared for classes and carry the text book(s) or material(s) as prescribed by the
Course Faculty to the class.

NOTICES

Most of the notices are available on the LMS platform.

All notices will be communicated through the institution email.

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All notices concerning the course will be displayed on the respective Notice Boards.

Signature of COURSE COORDINATOR

(Koteswara Rao Sanagapallea)

Signature of Department Prof. Incharge Academics & Vetting Team Member

Department Of ECE

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT:

Approval from: DEAN-ACADEMICS

(Sign with Office Seal) [object HTMLDivElement]

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