Scribd
Upload
2 views

Harolds_Probability_Cheat_Sheet_2016

This document is a cheat sheet on probability, outlining key rules, formulas, and definitions such as independent and dependent events, disjoint events, and conditional probability. It includes various probability rules like the addition rule, multiplication rule, and Bayes' theorem, along with De Morgan's laws for converting between 'and' and 'or' statements. Venn diagrams are also referenced as a visual aid for understanding these concepts.

Uploaded by

Si Do
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Harolds_Probability_Cheat_Sheet_2016

This document is a cheat sheet on probability, outlining key rules, formulas, and definitions such as independent and dependent events, disjoint events, and conditional probability. It includes various probability rules like the addition rule, multiplication rule, and Bayes' theorem, along with De Morgan's laws for converting between 'and' and 'or' statements. Venn diagrams are also referenced as a visual aid for understanding these concepts.

Uploaded by

Si Do
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Harold’s Probability

Cheat Sheet
30 May 2016
Probability

Rule Formula Definition


∩ = “and”, Intersection, or “∧” “And” implies multiplication.
Notation ∪ = “or”, Union, or “∨” “Or” implies addition.
˽=¿“not”, negation, or “¬” “Not” implies negation.
The occurrence of one event does not
Independent If P ( A|B )=P( A) affect the probability of the other, or
vice versa.
The occurrence of one event affects
Dependent If P ( A ∩B ) ≠ 0
the probability of the other event.
Disjoint/Mutually P ( A ∩B )=0
The events can never occur together.
Exclusive P ( A ∪ B )=P ( A ) + P ( B )
¿ of Favorable Outcomes
Probability P ( A )= of Possible Outcomes ¿ where 0 ≤ P ( A ) ≤ 1
Total ¿
Addition Rule P ( A ∪ B )=P ( A ) + P ( B ) −P( A ∩ B)
(“or”) P ( A ∪ B )=P ( A ) + P ( B ) (if disjoint)
P ( A ∩B )=P ( A ) P ( B| A )
P ( A ∩B )=P ( B ) P( A∨B)
P ( A ∩B )=P ( B ∩ A )
Multiplication Rule
(“and”)
P ( A ∩B )=P ( A )−P ( A ∩ B )

P ( A ∩B )=P ( A ) P (B)
(if independent)
Compliment Rule / P ( A ∪ A )=P ( A ) + P ( A ) =1 The compliemnt of event A (denoted
Subtraction Rule P( A)=1−P ( A ) c
A∨A ¿ means “not A”; it consists of
(“not”) P( A)=1−P ( A ) all simple outcomes that are not in A.
P( A ∩ B) Means the probability of A given B. Is
P ( A|B )=
Conditional Probability P( B) a rephrasing of the Multiplication
(“given that”) P ( A|B )=P( A) (if independent) Rule. P(A|B) is the proportion of
P ( B| A )=P( B) (if independent) elements in B that are ALSO in A.
P ( A )=P( A ∩ B1 )+…+ P( A ∩ Bn ) To find the probability of event A,
¿ P ( B 1 ) P ( A|B1 ) +… + P ( Bn ) P ( A|Bn ) partition the sample space into several
Total Probability Rule disjoint events. A must occur along
P ( A )=P( A ∩ B)+ P( A ∩ B) with one and only one of the disjoint
¿ P ( B ) P ( A|B ) + P ( B ) P ( A|B ) events.
P ( A ∩ B ) P ( A ) P ( B| A )
P ( A|B )= =
P ( B) P ( B) Allows us to reverse the order of a
Bayes’ Theorem conditional probability statement, and
P ( A ) P ( B| A ) is the only generally valid method!
¿
P ( A ) P ( B| A ) + P ( A ) P ( B| A )

Copyright © 2016 by Harold Toomey, WyzAnt Tutor 1


Uses negation to convert an “or” to an
P ( A ∪ B ) ≡ P (A )∩ P(B)
De Morgan’s Law “and”.
Uses negation to convert an “and” to
P ( A ∩B ) ≡ P (A )∪ P(B) an “or”.

Venn Diagrams

Copyright © 2016 by Harold Toomey, WyzAnt Tutor 2


Copyright © 2016 by Harold Toomey, WyzAnt Tutor 3

You might also like