Sa sees al 4a UT Level II General Exam 1 As the frequency increases in ultrasonic testing, the angle of beam divergence of a given diameter crystal: ee ene BB. remains unchanged C. increases D. varies uniformly through each wavelength 2 When examining materials for planar flaws oriented parallel to the part surface, what testing method is most often used? A. Angle Beam B. Through-transmission vw ©Straight beam D. Dual Crystal 3 Ifa contact angle beam transducer produces # 45° shear wave in the steel, the angle produced by the same transducer in an aluminum specimen would be: (VS see! =.323 cm/usec; VS.a1 = .310/ sec) CW @lessthan ase 42.7 BB. Greater than 45° C. 45° D. More information is required 4 Rayleigh waves are influenced most by defects located: ne wavelength below the surface B. six wavelength below the surface C. close to or on the surface D. three wavelength below the surface 5 The ultrasonic test method in which finger damping is most effective in locating discontinuity is: A. shear wave B, longitudinal wave Y —— ©aurfice wave D. compressional wave6 The ratio of the velocity of sound in water compared to that for aluminum or steel is approximately: 7 Which of the following scanning methods could be classified as an immersion type test? A. Tank in which the search unit and test piece are immersed B. Squirter bubbler method in which the sound is transmitted in a column of flowing water Scanning with a wheel-type search unit with the transducer inside a liquid filled tire D. All of the above 8 What law can be used to calculate the angle of refraction within a metal for both longitudinal and shear waves? A. Poisson’s Law Snell’s Law rresnel’s Field Law D. Charles’ Law 2 At an interface between two different materials, an impedance difference results in: VB) reflection of the entire incident energy at the interface B. absorption of sound C. division of sound energy into transmitted and reflected modes none of the above ‘1 When using focused transducers, non-symmetry in a propagated sound beam may be caused by: @ backing material variations | B. lens centering or misalignment C. porosity in lenses D. all of the above 11 During straight beam testing, test specimens with non-parallel front and back surfaces can cause: @) partial or total loss of back reflection B. no loss in back reflection C. a widened (broad) back reflection indication D. a focused (narrow) back reflection indication12 In B-scan display, the length of a screen indication from a discontinuity is related to: A. a discontinuity’s thickness as measured parallel to the ultrasonic beam the discontinuity’s length in the direction of the transducer travel both A and B D. none of the above 13 Which circuit triggers the pulse and sweep circuits in an A-scan display? A. Receiver-amplifier B. Power supply C. Clock Damping 14 On an A-scan display, the “dead zone” refers to: @he distance contained within the near field B. the area outside the beam spread C. the distance covered by the front surface width and recovery time D. the area between the near field and the far field 15 Onan A-scan display, what represents the intensity of a reflected beam? A. Echo pulse width B. Horizontal screen location Signal brightness ar Signal amplitude 16 In straight (normal) beam contact testing, a reduction in the back surface reflection amplitude could indicate: A. inadequate coupling B. a flaw which is not normal to the beam. A, a near surface defect that cannot be resolved by the main bang (initial pulse) _ O allofthe above 17 Of the following sound wave modes, which one has multiple ot varying wave velocities? A. Longitudinal waves B. Shear waves C. Transverse waves Le @ Lamb waves18 Which of the following would be considered application(s) of Ultrasonic techniques? A. Determination of material’s elastic modulus B, Study of material’s metallurgical structure C. Measurement of a material’s thickness L — DpAllof the above 19 The only significant sound wave mode that will travel through a liquid is: A. shear B) longitudinal et Surface D. Rayleigh 20 The acoustic impedance of a material is used to: Qecermive the angle of refraction at an interface . determine the attenuation within the material C. determine the relative amounts of sound energy coupled through and reflected at an interface D. determine the beam spread within the material 21 The simple experiment where a stick of glass of water appears disjointed at the water surface illustrates the phenomenon of: A. reflection B. magnification refraction D. diffraction 22 The erystal thickness and transducer frequency are related, The thinner the crystal: the lower the frequency LC Gite higher the frequency there is no appreciable affect D. none of the above 23 The length of the zone adjacent to a transducer in which fluctuations in sound pressure occur is mostly affected by: A. the frequency of the transducer B. the diameter of the transducer the length of the transducer cable we Bes AandB24 The differences in signals received from identical reflectors at different material distances from a transducer may be caused by: A. material attenuation B. beam divergence - near field effects ie yall of the above 25 Itis possible for a discontinuity smaller than the transducer to produce indications of fluctuating amplitude as the search unit is moved laterally if testing is being performed in the: A. Fraunhofer zone Bear fiela . Snell Field D. Shadow zone 26 In immersion testing, the near field effects of a transducer may be eliminated by: increasing transducer frequency use of a larger diameter transducer C. using an appropriate water path D. use ofa focused transducer 27 In figure 1 shown below, assuming a uniform beam pattern, what relationship would you expect to exist between the amplitudes of the reflected laminar signals at position A and B? A. 12db difference . Equal amplitudes 2 tol D.3t01 oe Plate Figure 1 28 In the far field of uniform ultrasonic beam, sound intensity is the beam centerline, A. minimum at maximum at ‘maximum throughout twice the angle (sin y = C/Df) where Cis acoustic velocity, D is crystal diameter, and fis frequency at D. not related to orientation of29 Where does beam divergence occur? A Near field ce @Far field C. At the crystal D. None of the above 30 In Figure 2, transducer C is used to check: A. distance calibration B. resolution tise sensitivity verification of wedge angle 31 In Figure 2, transducer D is being used to check: A. Sensitivity calibration B. Distance calibration C. Resolution (P)Vetfication of wedge angle 32 When the incident angle is chosen to be between the first and second critical angles, the ultrasonic wave generated within the part will be: < longitudinal shear C. surface D. lamb Figure 2 c 33 In figure 2, transducer B is being used to check: A. verification of wedge angle Pe il resolution . sensitivity calibration D. distance calibration34 In an automatic scanning immersion unit, the bridge or carriage serves to: (A) support the manipulator and scanner tube and to move it about transversely oon and longitudinally B. control the angular and transverse positioning of the scanner tube C. control the vertical and angular positioning of the scanner tube D. raise and lower the transducer 35A six inch diameter rod is being inspected for centerline cracks. The A-scan presentation for one path through the rod is as shown in Figure 2. Where should there be an alarm gate? A. An alarm gate should be used between points A and E B. An alarm gate should be used at point D only i An alarm gate should be used between points B and D D. Analarm gate should not be used for this application Figure 3 36 Which best describes a typical display of a crack whose major surface is perpendicular to the ultrasonic beam? a broad indication oe & a sharp indication C. the indication will not show due to improper orientation D. a broad indication with high amplitude 37 Gas discontinuities are reduced to flat discs or other shapes parallel to the surface by. (A,) rolling machining C. casting D. welding38 The angle at which 90° refraction of a longitudinal sound wave is reached is called: A. the angle of incidence ce the first critical angle the angle of maximum reflection D. the second critical angle 39 In a water immersion test, ultrasonic energy is transmitted into steel at an incident angle of 14°, What is the angle of the refracted shear wave within the material? Vs=3.2x 10" cm/sec Vw = 15x 10° cm/sec A. 45° B. 23° oe os D. 13° 40 If you were requested to design a plastic shoe to generate a Rayleigh wave in aluminum, what would be the incident angle of the ultrasonic energy? Va=3.1x10 cm/sec Vp = 2.6 x 10° cm/sec . 37° — @sr 75° D. 48° 41 Compute the wavelength of ultrasonic energy in lead at 1 MHZ. Vi= 2.1 x 10° cm/sec e— @ 210m B. 21cm C. 0.48 em D. 4.8x 10-sem 42 The process of adjusting an instrument or device to reference standard is referred to as: A. angulation B. scanning C., correcting for distance amplitude variations c= @dealibration Name: SSH OLIVER Signature: