Monthly monitoring collection data

Monthly Sustainability Report

Environment Sustainability Site
AAQ GHG Emissions Stake holders engagement
Noise Electricity Permits
Soil Fuel Consumptions Drills, Trainings and tool box talks
Water Water Consumptions EMP updates
Ecological aspects –mines focused Site inspections, Audits
Waste Management
KPI
Criteria Metrics Targets Mitigation Measures
Reduce CO₂ emissions by X% Use cleaner fuels, carbon capture, efficiency
Air Emissions CO₂ emissions (tons/MWh)
per year improvements
NOx, SOx, and particulate matter Meet regulatory limits for Install scrubbers, low-NOx burners, and optimize
Air Emissions
(tons/year) emissions combustion
Reduce water consumption by
Water Usage Water withdrawal (m³/MWh) Use closed-loop cooling, water recycling, and treatment
X% annually
Water discharge quality (pH, BOD, Meet effluent discharge Install wastewater treatment plants and monitoring
Water Usage
COD, TSS, heavy metals) standards systems
Reduce waste sent to landfill by
Waste Management Ash and slag generation (tons/year) Promote reuse in construction, cement industry
X%
Minimize hazardous waste
Waste Management Hazardous waste (tons/year) Improve waste segregation, disposal, and treatment
generation
Stay below permissible noise Use noise barriers, silencers, and proper equipment
Noise Pollution Noise levels at plant boundary (dB)
levels maintenance
Implement habitat restoration and conservation
Biodiversity Impact Habitat disturbance area (ha) No net loss of biodiversity
programs
Upgrade turbines, optimize operations, and use waste
Energy Efficiency Plant efficiency (%) Increase efficiency by X%
heat recovery
Increase renewable energy
Renewable Energy Share of renewables in energy mix (%) Invest in hybrid systems and battery storage
integration
Reduce emissions per unit of
Carbon Footprint Carbon intensity (kg CO₂/MWh) Use carbon offset programs, afforestation
electricity
Chemical Use Chemical consumption (tons/year) Reduce hazardous chemicals Use eco-friendly alternatives and optimize dosages

Ambient Air Quality Standards

Pollutant
Primary/
[links to historical tables of Averaging Time Level Form
Secondary
NAAQS reviews]
8 hours 9 ppm
Carbon Monoxide (CO) primary Not to be exceeded more than once per year
1 hour 35 ppm
primary and Rolling 3 month
Lead (Pb) 0.15 μg/m3 (1) Not to be exceeded
secondary average
98th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum
primary 1 hour 100 ppb
concentrations, averaged over 3 years
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
primary and
1 year 53 ppb (2) Annual Mean
secondary
primary and Annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour
Ozone (O3) 8 hours 0.070 ppm (3)
secondary concentration, averaged over 3 years
primary 1 year 9.0 μg/m3 annual mean, averaged over 3 years

PM2.5 secondary 1 year 15.0 μg/m3 annual mean, averaged over 3 years
Particle Pollution (PM) primary and 3
24 hours 35 μg/m 98th percentile, averaged over 3 years
secondary
primary and Not to be exceeded more than once per year on
PM10 24 hours 150 μg/m3
secondary average over 3 years
99th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum
primary 1 hour 75 ppb (4)
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) concentrations, averaged over 3 years
secondary 1 year 10 ppb annual mean, averaged over 3

GHG Emissions
GHG GWP
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) – Most Abundant GHG 1
Methane (CH4) 30
Nitrous oxide (N2O) 273
Sulphur Hexafluoride (HFCs) 25200
Perflurocarbons (PFCs) 6500-12000
NF3 Nitrogen tri fluoride 17400

Sources of GHG Emissions in a Thermal Power Plant

GHG emissions in a thermal power plant typically come from the following sources:
1. Combustion-Related Emissions (Scope 1)
 Coal, Oil, or Gas Combustion → CO₂, CH₄, N₂O
 Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Systems → CO₂ emissions from limestone usage
 Start-up Generators and Emergency Systems → Diesel or HFO combustion
2. Fugitive Emissions (Scope 1)
 Coal Storage & Handling → CH₄ emissions from coal oxidation
 Gas Leakage from Pipelines & Equipment → CH₄ leaks from natural gas systems
 Cooling Towers & Boilers → Small amounts of CO₂ from chemical treatments
3. Process-Related Emissions (Scope 1)
 Ash Handling & Disposal → CH₄ emissions from residual carbon oxidation
 Limestone Use in Scrubbing (SO₂ control) → CO₂ from chemical reactions
4. Electricity & Steam Consumption (Scope 2)
 Purchased Electricity → Indirect CO₂ emissions
 Heat/Steam Consumption from External Sources → Indirect GHG emissions
5. Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Emissions (Scope 1 & 3)
 Aerobic and Anaerobic Digestion → CH₄ & N₂O emissions
 Sludge Treatment & Disposal → CH₄ from organic matter decomposition
 Use of Chemicals (e.g., lime, coagulants) → Indirect CO₂ emissions
6. Other Indirect Emissions (Scope 3)
 Employee Commuting & Transport → CO₂ from fossil fuel vehicles
 Raw Material Supply Chain (Coal, Oil, Gas Transport) → CO₂ from logistics
 Waste Management & Disposal → CH₄ from landfilling of solid waste

AERMOD
Pathway Description Key Inputs Format/Example
Source Defines the - Source Type (POINT, SO POINT 1
Pathway (SO) pollutant AREA, VOLUME, LOCATION 500.0
emission OPENPIT, LINE) 1000.0
sources and - Emission Rate (g/s) EMIS 0.05
their - Release Height (m) HEIGH 30.0
characteristics. - Stack Diameter (m) (for DIAM 2.0
POINT) TEMP 400.0
- Exit Temperature (K) VELOC 10.0
(for POINT)
- Exit Velocity (m/s) (for
POINT)
- Initial Lateral and
Vertical Dimensions (for
AREA and VOLUME)
Meteorological Provides - Surface Data File ME SURFFILE
Pathway (ME) meteorological - Profile Data File metfile.sfc
data and - Station ID ME PROFFILE
surface - Surface Roughness (m) metfile.pfl
characteristics. - Albedo ME SURFDATA
- Bowen Ratio 72201
- Wind Speed (m/s) ME ROUGH 0.1
- Wind Direction ME ALBEDO 0.2
(degrees) ME BOWEN 0.5
Receptor Defines the - Receptor Type (GRID, RE DISCRETE
Pathway (RE) locations DISCRETE, POLR) LOCATION 100.0
where - Receptor Coordinates 200.0 10.0 0.0
concentrations (X, Y)
are calculated. - Elevation (m)
- Hill Height Scale (m)
(optional)