working area-The Word document has space -Each of these tabs places specific commands

that represents the document page, that takes and tools together as a collection, which is
up most of the Word interface, as the following referred to as a group. In Figure 3, for example,
figure depicts. the Insert tab (number 1) houses a group
named Illustrations. This Illustrations group
Window management- Minimize, Restore
(number 2) contains a variety of commands
Down, and Close buttons to manage the
(number 3).
application window.
Ribbon Display Options- You use this button to
Title bar- A horizontal bar at the top of the
manage the ribbon displays via three options—
Word window, the title bar displays the name of
namely, Auto hide Ribbon, Show Tabs, and Show
the current and active document with the title
Tabs and Commands.
of the application
 Auto-hide Ribbon. This option hides all
signed-in user- Office 365 might display the
the ribbon tabs. To unhide the ribbon,
username and user image.
select the ellipsis (…) on the title bar. To
Tell me what you want to do- this box displays fully restore and display the ribbon and
Search instead of Tell me what you want to do. commands again, select the third
option, Show Tabs and Commands.
- A box that provides you with commands  Show Tabs. This option displays only the
or directions based on the information ribbon tabs. Select a ribbon tab to
you provide about a task you want to display the commands and once again
perform. to hide the commands. You can still
Rulers- assist in aligning objects that you add to access the commands by selecting the
a document and in managing the width of your associated tab name.
document besides having other purposes  Show Tabs and Commands. This option
displays the all ribbon tabs and
Scroll bars- If the document has multiple pages, commands at the same time. This is the
scroll bars (both horizontal and vertical) appear default display, where the entire ribbon
in the working area for ease of navigation. is expanded, displaying all the tabs and
status bar- displays various types of information their associated commands.
pertinent to the active document. Common Select Collapse the Ribbon, or select Ctrl+F1, to
displays include the number of the currently collapse the ribbon.
active page of the document, the word count, a
spelling checker indicator, buttons for selecting Backstage view- Otherwise known as the File
different types of page displays, and a Zoom tab on the ribbon, the Backstage view is where
slider. you manage files and data about the files.
Functionality such as that provided by Save,
Ribbon- organizes most of the common Print, and Open can all be found here. You can
commands and tools that you'll use. Different also manage the metadata and options for the
ribbon tabs group these commands together. files from this location.
Each of the tabs organizes similar commands
together and nestles those commands in a Contextual tabs- display only when the
group on the tab. SmartArt graphic is active and selected in your
document.
Groups of commands- A group, when referring *Under File Ribbon*
to the ribbon and commands you use in a
Home tab- for accessing files from the Pinned or
document, provides an organized structure that
Recent areas.
places similarly focused commands together.
The ribbon separates the groups of commands Open tab- displays the latest Word documents
by light vertical lines and the name of each you opened and information regarding the last
group. modified date and time also include Recent,
This PC, Add a Place, and Browse
Quick Access Toolbar- Save (depicted by a
floppy disc icon), Undo Typing, Repeat Typing Save- it really conducts a backup or update to
the work you've done. For documents stored in
- a collection of shortcuts to the features,
cloud locations
options, commands, or option groups
that you use frequently. - also updates any new content changes
that you've made since the last save (or
Template- is a document that contains
sync) and keeps track of historical
preformatted content, styles, and structure.
changes for document versions.
Word provides a wide assortment of prebuilt
- Save is located on the File tab (in the
templates, including a Blank document
Backstage view). When you select Save
template.
for the first time, a pane appears that
Indent- The space between the document prompts for a file location, file name,
margin and the starting text on a line. and file type.

Margin- The blank space around the boundaries Save As- When you save a document for the
of the document content. first time, even if you select the Save command,
that will activate the Save As dialog box,
Navigation pane- A pane that you can use to
allowing you to name the file and select the
quickly go to a search result, section, page, or
location where the file will be saved, as the
heading in a Word document.
following figure depicts.
Zoom slider- A slider on the status bar that you
can use to zoom in and out of a document, from
a minimum of 10 percent to a maximum of 500
percent.

New tab or Ctrl + N: creating a document with

the Blank document template

Prebuilt templates- On the New tab in the

Backstage view, you can select a prebuilt
template that the tab promotes with
thumbnails, as the following figure depicts.

hard return- All it takes it to add content is to

enter text into the document. Paragraphs in
Word are identified by the use of the Enter key,
otherwise known as the hard return.
Mini Toolbar- With the text already selected,
you simply select the formatting you want to
apply. This saves you time compared to
accessing the ribbon to apply formatting that
you regularly use. Change Case- With the Change Case command,
you can modify text to have a different case,
such as uppercase or sentence case.

Font group- has several commands for

formatting your content, the ones that this topic
focuses on are:
 Bold, Italic, and Underline. This rich
 Font and Font Size- These are two of text formatting is very useful for making
the most commonly used formatting your content stand out.
features across most Office applications.  Font Color and Text Highlight Color.
 font comes from the 1680s and refers to These commands, which the following
a complete set of characters of a figure depicts, help you to add color to
particular typeface and size of type. your text.
European type foundries used typefaces
Styles
for printing on wood and metal.
 The term font come from the Old
French word fondre, which means melt.

Typeface- contains multiple fonts that share

common design features but have different
weights, styles, widths, slants, italicization, and
other subtle differences.
 Text Effects and Typography- With this
command, you can apply predesigned effects to
text that you've selected. Text effects are a kind
of typography, or the visual component of the
written text.

You can use each of the following options from

the text effects to customize your content:

 Outline. Adds a colored outline to the

selected text.
Clear All Formatting- command strips off all  Shadow. Adds a shadow to a specific
formatting from the selected text, returning it to location outside the text.
the normal state. This makes it easier to clean  Reflection. Adds a reflection of the
up a selection of text or even the entire characters in the text.
document and then reapply formatting as  Glow. Adds a glow color to the
needed. perimeter of the text.

Format Painter- Select Format Painter to copy Line spacing- is the amount of white space
formatting to selected text. When you hover between two lines of text
over the new text, a paintbrush icon appears. paragraph spacing- which is the amount of
Select the text, and the copied format applies as white space between two paragraphs.
a single use on the new content. Managing the white space, and therefore the
Double-click the Format Painter command to readability and design of the document, is an
copy formatting to selected text. When you important concept to understand for managing
hover over the new text, a paintbrush icon your document formatting overall.
appears. You can now apply the copied format
to multiple selections of text. After you've
formatted all the content you want, select the
Esc key to end the Format Painter functionality.
 Shading- This provides a way to apply color
around the background of your paragraph.

Reveal Formatting- When you select this

command, you can observe all the hidden
formatting applied in the document, including in
tables. It might be difficult to observe what's
happening underneath if you don’t use this
command.

To apply spacing to a paragraph, you can

This is how the text alignment commands are
customize the intended amount in the Before or
used:
After spacing option available from the
Paragraph Setting dialog box. The Before option  Left and Right. When you apply each of
allows you to customize the spacing before the these alignment options, the content
active paragraph, whereas After applies to the aligns to the corresponding edge of the
spacing after the active paragraph. You can also page margin.
manage these spacings in the Paragraph group  Centered. This alignment option centers
on the Layout tab the content with respect to the left and
right page margins.
Borders- A border provides a way to bring
 Justified. This option also aligns your
attention to your paragraph by applying a black
paragraph equally between the left and
line by default around the background of your
right margins but spaces out the words
paragraph. You can modify where the line
on each line so that both the left and
appears for your paragraph by using the Borders
right edges of the paragraph are in a
command.
straight line.
The Preview box demonstrates how a
paragraph will be affected by the selections
of the indent options. A Special box also
exists and contains the First line and
Hanging indent options:

First line. Manages the indent level from

the left side of your document for the first
line of a paragraph.

Hanging. Applies the indent to all lines of

the paragraph except the first line. When
you apply the hanging indent, you’ll notice
all of the paragraph content indenting while
the first line remains aligned to the left
margin. Results tab- displays all the locations in the
Search for text document where the search results exist.
What makes the Navigation pane even
A quick way to activate the Search box in better is that it provides a few ways for you
Word is to use the Ctrl+F keyboard shortcut. to quickly observe the content that your
This activates the Navigation pane. search has found and where that content
exists in your document.
 • Results. Highlights the text entered in the
Search box.

• Pages. Displays thumbnails of the pages in the

document, allowing you to quickly navigate by
selecting those thumbnails

Replace text

When you search for text in documents, you

often need to replace that text, as well. The
reason might be a misspelling of a word or a
change in a reference work that you also need
to change in the document. When you search
for text, you have few ways to activate the
replace functionality:

• On the Home tab, in the Editing group,

select Replace.
Headings. Displays an overview of the
• In the Navigation pane, select Search for
document headings in a hierarchical outline. By
more things (the magnifying glass icon), and
using these headings, you can collapse and
then select Replace.
expand entire areas of content throughout the
• Press Ctrl+H on your keyboard. document based on the heading level applied.
The Heading 1 style appears higher in the
When you select the Replace command, the
hierarchy than the Heading 2 style, for example.
Find and Replace dialog box appears with the
Replace tab displayed. You can choose to
replace one or all of the words that meet the
Find what box criteria with the text in the
Replace with box

Insert hyperlinks

Search by pages You can insert a hyperlink in a few ways. The

most common way is to insert a URL so the
The Navigation pane provides three tabs for reader can navigate to a site on the internet. To
searching and navigating the document: apply a hyperlink, right-click or access the
context menu of the location, word, or object
that you want to apply the link to, and then Link to locations in the document
select Link. Next, select Insert Link to open the
Another common way to advance in the
Insert Hyperlink dialog box. You can also apply a
document is to select Bookmark on the Go To
hyperlink in the Links group on the Insert tab.
tab. You can create a bookmark on text, a
picture, or a place in your document that you
want to name and note for later reference. You
can use bookmarks simply for navigation, as
well.

Your hyperlink options include:

• Existing File or Web Page

To insert a bookmark into the document, select
• Place in This Document
the content you want to apply the bookmark to.
• Create New Document On the Insert tab, in the Links group, select
Bookmark. The Bookmark dialog box appears.
• E-mail Address Enter the name of your bookmark. Select
Text to display- It's important to add text the whether you want the bookmark to be searched
Text to display box that explains what the link is by name or by location in the document, and
for. The document displays this text, which is then select Add. Now, when using the Go To tab
what the reader will hover over and select to in Word, you and others can select Bookmark to
access the link. navigate throughout the document by using just
the bookmarks.
Go To tab- you can navigate to different areas of
the document based on the criteria you choose.
Some of the more common options are to
navigate by pages, headings, tables, or other
objects. When the Go To tab is displayed, enter
the page number in the document that you
want to navigate to