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Random-Sampling

The document provides an overview of random sampling techniques, including simple random sampling, systematic sampling, and stratified random sampling, each defined with examples. It explains the concepts of population and sample, as well as parameters and statistics, highlighting their differences. Additionally, it includes methods for calculating population and sample statistics such as mean, variance, and standard deviation.

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reolalasgirlie
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Random-Sampling

The document provides an overview of random sampling techniques, including simple random sampling, systematic sampling, and stratified random sampling, each defined with examples. It explains the concepts of population and sample, as well as parameters and statistics, highlighting their differences. Additionally, it includes methods for calculating population and sample statistics such as mean, variance, and standard deviation.

Uploaded by

reolalasgirlie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RANDOM

SAMPLING
RANDOM SAMPLING
DEFINITION:
- a part of the sampling technique
in which each sample has an equal
probability of being chosen. A
sample chosen randomly is meant
to be an unbiased representation
of the total population.
A population is the complete set group of
individuals, whether that group comprises a
nation or a group of people with a common
characteristic. In statistics, a population is
the pool of individuals from which a
statistical sample is drawn for a study.

The population, or target population, is


the total population about which
information is required.
A sample group can be
defined as a subset of a
population. The population, or
target population, is the total
population about which
information is required.
TYPES OF
RANDOM
SAMPLING
1. SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

- A type of probability sampling


in which the researcher randomly
selects a subset of participants
from a population.
DEFINITION OF SIMPLE RANDOM
SAMPLING

- It is a sampling technique in
which every element of the
population has the same probability
of being selected for inclusion in the
sample.
EXAMPLE:
A researcher wants to study the effects
of social media on Grade 11 students in Ilocos
Sur National High School. He wishes to use
the simple random sampling technique in
choosing the members of his sample. If there
are 1,000 Grade 11 students in the school,
how many students should there be in his
sample? Discuss the steps he must take if he
wishes to use the lottery method.
• Step 2. Assign a number to each member of
the population. In this problem, assign a
number to each of the 1,000 students.
• Step 3. Write the numbers on pieces of
paper with the same size and shape. Fold
the pieces of paper.
• Step 4. Put all the folded pieces of paper in
a bowl or box.
• Step 5. Without looking, randomly pick out
286 folded pieces from the bowl or box.
2. SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
- A random sampling technique in which
every kth element of the population is
selected until the desired number of
elements in the sample is obtained. The
value of k is calculated by dividing the
number of elements in the population by
the number of elements in the desired
sample. The value of k is the sampling
interval.
𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝒌=
𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆

𝑵
𝒌=
𝒏
Where
k = sample interval
N = population size
n = sample size
DEFINITION OF
SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
- A systematic sampling is a random
technique in which a list of elements of
the population is used as a sampling
frame and the elements to be included in
the desired sample are selected by
skipping through the list at regular
intervals.
EXAMPLE: In a group of 250 students, how will
you select a sample containing 71 students by
using the systematic sampling technique?
EXAMPLE:
3. STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING
-In stratified sampling, the
population is partitioned into several
subgroups called strata, based on
some characteristics like year level,
gender, age, ethnicity, etc.
DEFINITION OF
STRATIFIED SAMPLING
- A random sampling technique
in which the population is first
divided into strata and then
samples are randomly selected
separately from each stratum
EXAMPLE 1:
Marcela, a Statistics student, wants to
determine care more about their physical
appearances, the male or the female students.
She wants to limit her study to the Grade 10
students. There are unequal numbers of Grade
10 students; 340 are male and 500 are female.
She wants her sample to consist only of 50
students. She chooses the members of her
sample using stratified sampling technique.
EXAMPLE 2:
You want to interview 200 students
in your school to determine their
opinion on the new school uniform. How
are you going to choose your sample by
using stratified sampling if there are
1,200 students in Grade 7; 1,100 in Grade
8; 1,050 in Grade 9; 940 in Grade 10; 900
in Grade 11, and 810 in Grade 12?
PARAMETER
AND
STATISTIC
PARAMETER
- any quantity that
describes a characteristics
of a population.
EXAMPLE:
1. All people living in one city, all male
teenagers worldwide, all elements in
a shopping cart, and all students in a
classroom.
2. The researcher interviewed all the
students of a school for their
favorite apparel brand.
STATISTIC
- any quantity that describes
a characteristics of a sample.
EXAMPLE:
sample mean, sample standard
deviation, sample proportion,
and the like.
EXAMPLE:
1. Fifty percent of people living in the U.S.
agree with the latest health care
proposal. Researchers can’t ask hundreds
of millions of people if they agree, so
they take sample or part of the
population and calculate the rest.
2. Researcher interviewed the 70% of
Covid-19 survivors.
DIRECTIONS: Identify whether the
statement describes a PARAMETER or
ACTIVITY: STATISTIC. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. The average income of 40 out of 100 households in


a certain Barangay is Php 12,130.00 a month.
2. Percentage of red cars in the Philippines.
3. Number of senior high schools in Region 1.
4. A recent survey of a sample of 250 High School
students reported the average weight of 54.3 kg.
5. Average age of students in Ilocos Sur National High
school.
The variance and
standard deviation are
widely used measures of
dispersion of data in
research.
PARAMETER
The population mean is the mean of the entire population.
σ𝒙
𝝁=
𝑵
Where 𝑥 = given data
𝑁 = population size

The population variance:


σ 𝟐
(𝒙 − 𝝁)
𝝈𝟐 =
𝑵
The population standard deviation:
σ(𝒙 − 𝝁)𝟐
𝝈=
𝑵
STATISTIC
The sample mean is the mean of the entire population.
σ𝒙
ഥ =
𝑿
𝒏
Where 𝑥 = given data
𝑛 = sample size

The sample variance:


σ (𝒙 − ഥ )𝟐
𝑿
𝒔𝟐 =
𝒏
The sample standard deviation:
ഥ )𝟐
σ(𝒙 − 𝑿
𝒔=
𝒏
EXAMPLE:
The ages of the 16 ISNHS faculty members
are listed below.
30 34 32 38 28 36 40 31
35 34 33 30 37 40 30 40
Compute the following:
a. Population Mean
b. Population Variance
c. Population standard deviation
THANK
YOU!

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