Vaccination Exam Questions

Q1.
(a) Use words from the box to complete the sentences about curing disease.

antibiotics antibodies antitoxins painkillers statins

The substances made by white blood cells to kill pathogens are

called antibodies

The substances made by white blood cells to counteract poisons produced by

antitoxins
pathogens are called _________________________________________________

Medicines which kill bacteria are called ___________________________________

antibiotics
(3)

(b) The MMR vaccine protects people against three diseases.

Write down the names of two of these diseases.

measles
1. _________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________
mumps
(2)

(c) All vaccinations involve some risk.

The table shows the risk of developing harmful effects:

• from the disease if a child is not given the MMR vaccine;

• if a child is given the MMR vaccine.

Risk of getting the harmful effect Risk of getting the

Harmful effect from the disease (if not harmful effect from MMR
vaccinated) vaccine

Convulsions 1 in 200 1 in 1000

Meningitis 1 in 3000 Less than 1 in 1 000 000

Brain damage 1 in 8000 0

A mother is considering if she should have her child vaccinated with the MMR
vaccine.

Use information from the table to persuade the mother that she should have her
child vaccinated.
Don’t worry the vaccine will kill your child you should do it
___________________________________________________________________

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 ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(d) The vaccine used to protect us from the Hepatitis B virus is produced by genetic
engineering.

Yeast cells are used to produce the vaccine.

Use words from the box to complete the sentence.

chromosomes drugs enzymes genes hormones

To produce the vaccine ________________

drugs are used to cut out ________________
enzymes

from the Hepatitis B virus which are then inserted into the yeast cells.
(2)
(Total 9 marks)

Q2.
Vaccines protect us against diseases.

(a) Against which three diseases does the MMR vaccine protect us?

Tick ( ) three boxes.

Malaria

t
Measles

Meningitis

t
Mumps

Rabies

t
Rubella

(3)

(b) Draw a ring around the correct word to complete the sentence.

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 antibodies.

Vaccines cause white blood cells to produce cholesterol.

penicillin.
(1)

The graph shows the percentage of children given the MMR vaccine in the UK between
1997 and 2007.

(c) (i) Describe the pattern shown by the data on the graph.

______________________________________________________________
The percentage decreases until 2004 and then instantly increases
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

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 (2)

(ii) Suggest one explanation for the change in the percentage of children given
the MMR vaccine between 1997 and 2004.

______________________________________________________________
Andrew Wakefield’s valid study
______________________________________________________________
relating the vaccine to autism
(1)
(Total 7 marks)

Q3.
Some infections are caused by bacteria.

(a) The genetic material is arranged differently in the cells of bacteria compared with
animal and plant cells.

Describe two differences

Bacteria have no cucleus

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(b) Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by bacteria.

The table below shows the number of cases of TB in different regions of southern
England from 2000–2011.

Number of cases of TB per 100 000 people

Year London South South

East West

2000 37 5 3

2001 36 6 4

2002 42 6 6

2003 42 7 4

2004 42 7 5

2005 49 8 5

2006 44 8 3

2007 43 8 5

2008 44 8 5

2009 44 9 6

2010 42 9 5

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 2011 45 10 5

(i) How does the number of cases of TB for London compare with the rest of
southern England?

there are the most cases

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(1)

(ii) Describe the pattern in the data for cases of TB in the South East.

It is gradually increased
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(1)

(iii) Describe the pattern in the data for cases of TB in the South West.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(c) (i) On the graph paper below:

• plot the number of cases of TB in London

• label both the axes on the graph

• draw a line of best fit.

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 (4)

(ii) Suggest why a student thought the value for 2005 in London was anomalous.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(1)

(d) People can be vaccinated against TB.

Suggest how a vaccination programme would reduce the number of people with TB.

Details of how a vaccine works are not required.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 13 marks)

Q4.
White blood cells protect the body against pathogens such as bacteria and viruses.

(a) (i) Pathogens make us feel ill.

Give one reason why.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(1)

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 (ii) White blood cells produce antibodies. This is one way white blood cells protect
us against pathogens.

Give two other ways that white blood cells protect us against pathogens.

1. ____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(b) Vaccination can protect us from the diseases pathogens cause.

(i) One type of virus causes measles.

A doctor vaccinates a child against measles.

What does the doctor inject into the child to make the child immune to
measles?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(ii) A few weeks after the vaccination, the child becomes infected with measles
viruses from another person.

The graph shows the number of measles antibodies in the child’s blood from
before the vaccination until after the infection.

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 More measles antibodies are produced after the infection than after the
vaccination.

Describe other differences in antibody production after infection compared

with after vaccination.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(3)

(iii) Vaccination against the measles virus will not protect the child against the
rubella virus.

Why?

______________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) What is the advantage of vaccinating a large proportion of the population against
measles?

___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 10 marks)

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