CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Brief Historical Background of SIWES
The Students Industrial Workshop Experience Scheme [SIWES] came into existence after the
establishment of the industrial training funds [ITF] under degree 47 of 1971. It is a program
designed to expose and prepare students of Universities, Polytechnics, and Collage of Education
for the industrial work situations that they are likely to meet after graduation. Before the skill
was established, there was growing concern among our industrialists that graduates from the
institution of higher learning lack adequate practical background studies preparatory for
employment in industries.
The scheme became necessary because of the increasing difficulties that were being
experienced by graduates seeking employment due to insufficient or lack of exposure to practical
industrial processes. The scheme was not meant for a specific course, but rather for a variety of
courses including Engineering, Medical, Technical, and Businesses E.T.C. In the higher
institutions of Nigeria, due to the heavy burden of the ITF that accumulated over the year, it
withdraws from financing the student’s allowance in January 1980. Hence the National
University Commission [NUC] stepped in to take up the financing responsibility of the industrial
attachment for both Engineering and Technological students of all Nigerian Universities, while
the National Board of Technical Education [NBTE] assumed responsibility for Polytechnics and
College of Technology attachment.
In July 1985, the federal government reverted the admission of the scheme to ITF to
ensure greater efficiency. Though SIWES was administered by ITF, others were still involved in
its program management and execution. The scheme has evolved over the years to tackle new
challenges as they emerge. The number of participating institutions has also increased over the
years and by extension the number of students benefiting from the scheme. By 1995, not less
than 141 institutions have participated in the scheme and the number is still rising, to the extent,
the SIWES program has achieved its goal and is still making an impact on economic and
technological development.

1.2 Main Aims and Objectives Of SIWES

1. To provide students with industrial skills and needed experience while the course of study.
2. To create conditions and circumstances, which can be as close as possible to the actual
workflow
3. To prepare specialists who will be ready for any working situations immediately after
graduation.
4. To teach students the techniques and methods of working with facilities and equipment that
may not be available within the walls of an educational institution.
5. To give students the ability to try and apply their given knowledge.
The objectives of the SIWES program are all about strengthening future employees.
Such a program is a successful attempt to help students to understand the underlying principles
of their future work. After passing through the programs, the student can concentrate on the
necessary factors of his or her coursework. Referring to the feedback of students, the experience
of participating in the program has become very useful for them. Employers also note a higher
level of skills of such students

1.3 Relevance of SIWES to Engineering

i) Provide an avenue for students in institutions of higher learning to acquire industrial
skills and experience in their courses of study.
ii) Prepare students for the industrial work situations they are to meet after graduation.
iii) Make the transition from school to the world of work easier and enhance students’
contacts for later job placement.
iv) Expose students to work methods and techniques in handling equipment and
machinery that may not be available in their institutions.
v) Provide students with the opportunity to apply their knowledge in a real work
situation, thereby bridging the gap between theory and practical.
vi) Enlist and strengthen employer movement in the entire educational process and
prepare the student for employment after graduation.
vii) Provision of advisory guidance to participating students on carrier employment
opportunities.
1.4 Scope of SIWES
The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES), also known as Industrial Training is
a compulsory skill training program designed to expose and prepare students of Nigerian
Universities, Polytechnics, Colleges of Education, Colleges of Technology, and Colleges of
Agriculture, for the industrial work situation they’re likely to meet after graduation.
The scheme also affords students the opportunity of familiarizing and expose themselves to the
needed experience in handling equipment and machinery that are usually not available in their
institution.
Before the establishment of the scheme, there was a growing concern among industrialists, that
graduates of institutions of higher learning lacked adequate practical background studies
preparatory for employment in industries.
Thus, employers believed that theoretical education in higher institutions was not responsive to
the needs of the employers of labor.
SIWES introduction, initiation, and design were done by the Industrial Training Fund (I.T.F) in
1993 to acquaint students with the skills of handling employer equipment and machinery.
The Industrial Training Fund (I.T.F) solely funded the scheme during its formative years.
However, due to financial constraints, the fund withdrew from the scheme in 1978.

1.5 Logbook Exercise

LOGBOOK EXERCISE is the practice in which someone or a group of individuals takes
daily and consistent recording of various happening, events, and activities in a precise detailed
manner in a book. A logbook is a way to record and keep track of events in your classroom.
Logbooks are important classroom management tools that can be used in a variety of ways such
as communicating with students’ parents and having student-teacher conferences.
1. Take Time to Write Your Logbook The best and, in the end, least painful method is to take
some time at the end of the day to write your logbook. This can also be a chance to gather your
thoughts on the bigger perspective of the experiment (i.e. what are the questions you are trying to
answer in the small and big pictures) and to plan the next steps.
2. Use A Rough Book
Use a rough notebook to scribble in and a logbook to write neatly or at least legibly.
3. Be Consistent. Do as much to continue toward the daily logging
4. Summarize to Simplify
Write a summary to help simplify what you have learned and trace what was not understood
 CHAPTER TWO

BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY OF ATTACHMENT

2.1 AVEON OFFSHORE LIMITED

Aveon Offshore Limited is fabrication company that has been providing construction services to
the oil and gas industry in Nigeria since 1999. They are involved with most of the large EPC
projects awarded in the country since then . They deliver complex and challenging projects
nationwide. Aveon Offshore Limited deliver projects with the quality and safety the clients
expect. They cover areas that include civil, electrical, mechanical, piping and structural
engineering.

Aveon Offshore Limited undergoes fabrication services like metal fabrication,

Manufacturing ,prefab and construction assemblies. They also produce and develop paint
and powder coatings to suit versatile needs for clients and the oil and gas industry. They deal in
onshore and offshore industrial paintings, thermal spray applications, chemical resistant
coatings, lines and toppings.
2.2 AVEON OFFSHORE LIMITED Vision and Mission Statements
2.2.1. Vision
1. Global Leadership: Aveon Offshore Limited aims to maintain a strong global presence
and providing services to clients and supporting the arising needs of the oil and gas sector,
with the fulfillments of customers expectations.
2. Innovation: Aveon Offshore Limited strive to be a leading innovator in the development
Of technologies for the oil and gas industry with the mentality of maintaining efficiency
And enhanced performance and capability.
3. Customer Fulfillment: Aveon Offshore Limited will be known for delivering and
Accomplishing customer needs and expectations and to help to minimize cost and
Optimize production.
2.2.2. Mission

The mission of Aveon Offshore Limited, the global fabrication company serving the oil and gas
industry, revolves around providing innovative approaches to enhance productivity and
efficiency in the oil and gas sector worldwide. They aim to help oil and gas companies to carry
out their operations and reduce environmental impact through their specialized products and
services.

Aveon Offshore Limited focuses on delivering high-grade technologies, and services that
address the complex challenges that go on in the oil and gas industry. Their mission involves
leveraging their expertise in engineering to develop solutions that enable their clients to achieve
operational excellence while prioritizing safety, environmental stewardship, and regulatory
compliance.

2.2.3. Integrity

1. Regulatory Adherence: Adhering to all relevant laws, regulations, and industry standards,
ensuring that the company's operations meet or exceed legal and regulatory requirements
in the jurisdictions where they operate.

2. Transparency and Fairness: Promoting transparency in business practices, including open

and honest communication with stakeholders, customers, and the public about the
company's activities, performance, and any potential risks associated with their
operations.

3. Corporate Responsibility: Demonstrating a commitment to corporate social responsibility

by actively engaging in initiatives that promote sustainability, environmental
stewardship, and community development in the regions where the company operates.

4. Ethical Standards: Upholding high ethical standards and promoting and maintaining a
culture of integrity throughout the organization, ensuring that staffs and partners adhere
to ethical standards in all areas of their work.
2.2.5. Work Ethic

1. Dedication to Quality: Aveon Offshore Limited emphasize on the importance of keeping

to high standards of quality in their products and services to meet or exceed customer
demands.

2. Commitment to Safety: Prioritizing the safety of staffs, customers, and the environment
through the implementation of intense safety protocols and measures in all areas of their
work.

3. Customer Focus: Aveon Offshore Limited place a strong emphasis on understanding

and meeting the needs of their customers by providing solutions and exceptional
customer service.

4. Integrity: Upholding ethical business practices, building a culture of integrity, and

maintaining integrity in all business dealings, including interactions with customers,
partners, and stakeholders.

5. Collaboration and Teamwork: Encouraging collaboration, open communication, and

teamwork among staffs to grow a supportive and inclusive work environment.

Company Organogram
2.4 Activities Carried out by AVEON OFFSHORE LIMITED

Aveon Offshore Limited was known for providing a wide range of products and services to aid
the oil and gas sector of Nigeria. Some of the activities being carried out by Aveon Offshore
Limited may include:

1. Metal Fabrication: Aveon Offshore Limited is known as an establishment that deals with
the fabricating of metals and offering it to the oil and gas sector.

2. Productivity Optimization: The company may be involved in activities aimed at

improving production processes, maximizing oil and gas recovery, and increasing overall
operational efficiency for their customers.

3. Sub-sea Structures: Aveon Offshore Limited produce and manufacture deep sea
structures that aid the oil and gas industry and expenditures involving such structures.

4. Data Analysis: Aveon Offshore Limited may offer services related to data analysis,
monitoring, and optimization to help clients make informed decisions and improve their
operational processes based on real-time data and insights.

5. Research and Development: The company may conduct research and development
activities focused on developing innovative technologies, products, and solutions tailored
to the specific needs and challenges of the oil and gas industry.

2.5 Contribution Of the Establishment To The Nations Economy

Aveon Offshore Limited, as a global fabricating company providing and serving the oil and
gas industry, Also contributes to the national economy in several significant
ways. Some potential contributions may include:
Employment: By operating in the oil and gas sector, Aveon Offshore Limited have created
job opportunities for individuals with diverse skill sets, ranging from research and
development to manufacturing, sales, and technical support. This can have a positive impact
on the local and national employment rates.

Generation of Revenue: Through the sale of their products and services, Aveon Offshore
Limited contributes to the overall revenue generation within the national economy. This
includes the sale of, equipment, and associated services to various players in the oil and gas
industry.

Research and Development: Aveon Offshore Limited efforts contribute to research

developments within the oil and gas sector, leading to the development of solutions that
improve efficiency and operational performance. This can benefit the broader economy by
fostering technological progress and innovation.

Aiding the Energy Sector: By providing essential products and services to the oil and gas
industry, Aveon Offshore Limited supports the overall energy sector, which is a known to be
of critical importance to most national economies. This support contributes to the growth of
the energy industry.
 CHAPTER 3

PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE GAINED

3.1 Introduction to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

During the early stage of my industrial training, the safety department introduced to me personal
protective equipment, commonly referred to as "PPE".

This the equipment worn to minimize or prevent exposure to hazards that can cause serious
workplace injuries and illnesses. These injuries and illnesses may result from contact with
chemical, physical, electrical, mechanical, or other workplace hazards. Personal protective
equipment may include items such as gloves, safety glasses and shoes, earplugs or muffs, hard
hats, respirators, coveralls, vests, and full-body suits.

3.2 Introduction to Basic Hand Tools and Their Functions:

A hand tool is any tool that is not a power tool – that is, one powered by hand rather than by an
engine. Some examples of hand tools are mig welding pliers, spanners, pliers, chipping
hammers, and chisels. Hand tools are generally less dangerous than power tools.
During the early stages of my attachment, I actively worked with hand tools to carry out some
maintenance processes and this helped me to have a better understanding of proper equipment
handling as well as how to use power tools.
Fig 1.0 Chipping Hammer Fig 1.1 Mig welding plier

3.3 Introduction to Quality Control:

Quality control (QC) is a critical process that ensures products or services meet specific
standards of quality. It involves a systematic approach to identifying, preventing, and rectifying
defects or errors. By implementing effective QC measures, businesses can enhance customer
satisfaction, reduce costs, and improve their overall reputation.

Key Principles of Quality Control:

1. Customer Focus: Understanding and meeting customer needs and expectations is paramount.
2. Process Approach:Managing processes is essential for consistent quality.
3. System Approach to Management: Integrating all organizational functions and processes to
achieve overall goals.
4. Continuous Improvement: Striving for continuous improvement in all aspects of
organizational performance.
5. Evidence-Based Decision Making: Making decisions based on data and analysis

Challenges in Quality Control:

1. Human Error: Human factors can contribute to mistakes and defects.

2. Complex Processes: Complex processes can be difficult to monitor and control.
3. Changing Customer Requirements: Adapting to evolving customer needs can be
challenging.
4. Global Supply Chains: Managing quality across multiple suppliers and locations can be
complex.

Overcoming Challenges Occurred:

1. Employee Training: Invest in training to improve skills and knowledge.

2. Automation: Utilize automation to reduce human error and increase efficiency.
3. Data Analysis: Use data to identify trends and potential problems.
4. Supplier Partnerships: Collaborate with suppliers to ensure quality standards are met.
5. Continuous Improvement: Implement a culture of continuous improvement and innovation.
3.7 Welding Inspection

Welding inspection is a crucial process that ensures the quality,

safety, and integrity of welded joints. It involves a series of
examinations and tests to identify and rectify any defects or flaws
that may compromise the structural soundness of a weld.

Key Aspects of Welding Inspection

1. Visual Inspection (VT):

 The most basic and widely used inspection method.

 Involves examining the weld visually for surface defects like cracks, porosity, undercuts,
and excess weld metal.
 Requires a keen eye and knowledge of welding standards and codes.

2. Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI):

 Detects surface and near-surface defects in ferromagnetic materials.

 Involves applying a magnetic field to the weld and then sprinkling magnetic particles on
the surface.
 Defects disrupt the magnetic field, causing particles to cluster, revealing the flaw.

3. Dye Penetrant Inspection (DPI):

 Detects surface-breaking defects in both ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic materials.

 A penetrant liquid is applied to the surface, penetrates into the defect, and is then
removed.
 A developer is applied to draw the penetrant out of the defect, making it visible.

4. Radiographic Testing (RT):

 Detects internal defects like cracks, porosity, and lack of fusion.

 Uses ionizing radiation (X-rays or gamma rays) to penetrate the weld and produce an
image on film or a digital detector.
 Requires specialized equipment and trained personnel.

5. Ultrasonic Testing (UT):

 Detects both surface and subsurface defects.
 Uses high-frequency sound waves to penetrate the material and reflect off defects.
 The reflected sound waves are analyzed to identify and locate defects.