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The document explains projectile motion, defining it as the motion of objects influenced only by gravity and air resistance, following a parabolic trajectory. It discusses the independence of horizontal and vertical motions, the effects of different launch angles on range, and provides equations for calculating various aspects of projectile motion. Additionally, it includes practice problems to apply the concepts learned.

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9 views

projectile-motion1-1-Autosaved (1)

The document explains projectile motion, defining it as the motion of objects influenced only by gravity and air resistance, following a parabolic trajectory. It discusses the independence of horizontal and vertical motions, the effects of different launch angles on range, and provides equations for calculating various aspects of projectile motion. Additionally, it includes practice problems to apply the concepts learned.

Uploaded by

mortazavifarbod1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Projectile Motion

Motion in Two Dimensions


What is a Projectile?

 Any object that continues in motion by its own


inertia and is influenced only by the downward
force of gravity (and air resistance)
- an object dropped from rest is a projectile
- an object thrown straight upward is a projectile
- an object thrown upward at an angle to the
horizontal
The path that the projectile
follows is a parabola…
the path is called its trajectory
Horizontal Motion

 If there is no force acting on an object, then it will


continue moving at a constant speed in the same
direction.
- there will be no change in its velocity

- distance will increase the same amount with each


second
Free Fall Revisited

 An object in free fall is only acted on by gravity


- Acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2
– distance covered increases with each second
Projectile Motion Combines Vertical
Motion and Horizontal Motion

 The vertical motion of a projectile is not


affected by its horizontal motion
-meaning: The vertical motion of a
projectile is identical to an
object in free fall
 The horizontal motion of a projectile is
not affected by its vertical motion
- meaning the projectile will travel the
same horizontal distance as it would if
it were simply rolling on a flat surface
in the absence of friction
Projectile Motion Combines Horizontal
Motion and Vertical Motion

The vertical and


horizontal motion of a
projectile are
independent of each
other
Horizontal Path Without Gravity
Vertical Path
Projectile Motion

 Projectiles follow a parabolic


trajectory
Horizontal component
along trajectory remains
unchanged.
Acceleration only occurs in
the vertical component
Projectile Motion and
Complementary Angles
 Different launch angles result in different
horizontal distances traveled by the projectile
 Same range is obtained from two different launching
angles when the angles add up to 90°.
 Object launched at an angle of 60 has the same range as if it were thrown at
an angle of 30.
- What launch angle would have the same range as a projectile
launched at 20o?
Projectile Calculations
For Projectiles Launched horizontally
Horizontal Distance
d = v(t)

Horizontal Velocity
vf = vi + at

Vertical Distance
d = vit + ½ gt2

Vertical Velocity
Vf = Vi + gt
Review

What is the path of a projectile called?

Trajectory
Review
Is projectile
motion one
dimensional?

No, it is 2
dimensional-
vertical and
horizontal
Review

What force (s) Gravity only


is acting on the
projectile?
Review

 Which direction,  Vertical


horizontal or
vertical has
acceleration?
 Horizontal
 Which direction,
horizontal or
vertical has
constant speed?
Review

 Two identical  Both hit the


balls roll off the ground at the
edge of a table. same time. The
One leaves the difference in
table travelling horizontal velocity
twice the speed does not affect
of the other. the vertical time.
Which ball hits the
floor first?
Review
 At the instant a horizontally pointed
cannon ball is fired, a cannonball held
at the cannon’s side is released and
drops to the ground. Which cannonball
strikes the ground first, the one fired from
the cannon or the one dropped?
 They hit at the exact same time
Draw vector arrows representing the vx and vy velocity
components during the course of the motion. The length
of the arrows should represent the magnitude of the
velocity components.
Draw vector arrows representing
the vx and vy velocity components during
the course of the motion.
Range and Maximum height

Max height (H)

Range (R)
Practice Problems

1. A projectile is fired with an initial speed of 75


m/s at an angle of 350 above the horizontal on
a long flat firing range. Determine
a. What is maximum height reached by the
projectile?
b. What is the total time in the air
c. How far away the object hits the ground?

2. A pirate ship is 500 m away from a fort


defending the harbor entrance. A defense
cannon at sea level fires ball at an initial velocity
of 82 m/s at an angle of 630. How long is the
cannon ball in the air? What is the maximum
height reached by the ball?
Practice problems

3. A soccer ball is kicked from the ground


with an initial speed of 19.5 m/s at an
upward angle of 450. A soccer player 55 m
away from the origin runs to intercept the
ball. What must be the average speed of
the player to intercept the ball before it hits
the ground?

4. A diver running 1.6 m/s dives out


horizontally from the edge of a vertical cliff
and reaches the water below 3 seconds
later. How high was the cliff and how far
from the base did the diver hit the water?
Practice problems

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