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GROUP6-AC313Lab-Expt-3

The document outlines a laboratory experiment on the loaded characteristics of a DC generator, focusing on the relationship between terminal voltage and load current. It includes objectives, theory, apparatus, procedures, data collection, and computations for efficiency. The experiment aims to demonstrate how terminal voltage decreases with increasing load current due to internal resistance and armature reaction effects.

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7 views7 pages

GROUP6-AC313Lab-Expt-3

The document outlines a laboratory experiment on the loaded characteristics of a DC generator, focusing on the relationship between terminal voltage and load current. It includes objectives, theory, apparatus, procedures, data collection, and computations for efficiency. The experiment aims to demonstrate how terminal voltage decreases with increasing load current due to internal resistance and armature reaction effects.

Uploaded by

filomenatamarra
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CTU –MC COE ME

Last Name, First Name


Last Name, First Name
Last Name, First Name
Last Name, First Name
Last Name, First Name
Last Name, First Name

Engr. Christian Breth


M. Burgos, RMEE, RMP
Insructor

LOADED CHARACTERISTIC OF
A DC GENERATOR
ME-AC 313 | AC DC MACHINERIES | Laboratory Experiment No.3

Republic of the Philippines


CEBU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

MAIN CAMPUS

M. J. Cuenco Avenue Cor. R. Palma Street, Cebu City, Philippines


Website: http://www.ctu.edu.p h E-mail: [email protected]
Phone: +6332 402 4060 loc. 1135

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Name: Date Performed:


Program, Year, & Section: Date Due:
Group:

ME-AC 313
DC and AC Machineries, Lab
Laboratory Experiment No. 3
LOADED CHARACTERISTIC OF A DC GENERATOR

OBJECTIVE
1. Record the external and the regulation characteristics of a separately excited DC
generator
2. Determine the conventional efficiency of the DC generator

THEORY/HYPOTHESIS:
The loaded characteristic of a DC generator refers to the relationship between the generator’s
terminal voltage and the load current as it supplies power to an external load. The theory is that in a DC
generator, the terminal voltage decreases as the load current increases. This is due to internal resistance in
the windings causing a voltage drop and the armature reaction, which weakens the generator's magnetic field
as current increases. These effects make heavily loaded generators show a lower terminal voltage compared
to no-load conditions, affecting the generator’s voltage regulation. Additionally, as load current
increases, the magnetic field produced by the armature interacts with the generator's main field, causing
armature reaction, which weakens the overall magnetic field and reduces the induced EMF. This results in a
drop in terminal voltage, especially under heavy loads. The change in voltage with varying loads indicates the
generator's voltage regulation, with well-regulated generators showing minimal voltage variation. Therefore,
the hypothesis is that the voltage output of a DC generator decreases with increasing load current due to
internal resistance and armature reaction effects.

LIST OF APPARATUS:
 NI Multisim version 14.1
SET-UP OF APPARATUS: [actual set-up of apparatus during experimentation]

Figure 2.1

Table 2.1 Table 2.2


PROCEDURE:
1. Construct the circuit as shown in Figure 2.1.
2. Set the machine parameters using the values given in the Table 2.1 and Table
2.2.
3. Simulate setting of multimeter #1 and #2 to DC Ammeter and Set Multimeter #3
to DC Voltmeter.
4. Simulate the circuit and gather all the data for all the values given in Table 2.3.
5. Record the speed and torque of the prime mover for all the values given and write
it in Table 2.4.
6. Calculate the efficiency of the dc generator for all the values given and write it in
Table 2.4.
7. Graph the load current versus the terminal voltage in Graph 2.1.
8. Graph the power output versus the efficiency in Graph 2.2.

DATA & RESULT/S:


Load Excitation Load current Terminal
(watts) current (If) (IL) Voltage (VL)

0 155.985 x10−3 A 200.018 x10−9 A 200 V


20 155.982 x10−3 A 63.985 x10−3 A 199.952 V
40 155.982 x10−3 A 127.961 x10−3 A 199.939 V
60 155.982 x10−3 A 191.929 x10−3 A 199.926 V
80 155.982 x10−3 A 255.889 x10−3 A 199.913 V
100 155.982 x10−3 A 319.841 x10−3 A 199.901 V
125 155.982 x10−3 A 399.769 x10−3 A 199.885 V
135 155.982 x10−3 A 431.737 x10−3 A 199.878 V
150 155.982 x10−3 A 479.685 x10−3 A 199.869 V
Table 2.3
Load Load Terminal Power Torque Speed Power Efficiency
(watts current voltage output (N-m) (rad/s) input (η=
) (VL) (Po) (Pin)
(IL) Po/Pin)
200.018 x10−9 A 200 V 4 x10−5 W 2.56 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 6.5536 W 0%
0
63.985 x10−3 A 199.952 V 12.794 W 7.55 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 19.328 W 66.17%
20
127.961 x10−3 A 199.939 V 25.584 W 12.5 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 32 W 79.95%
40
191.929 x10−3 A 199.926 V 38.371 W 17.5 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 44.8 W 85.65%
60
255.889 x10−3 A 199.913 V 51.155 W 22.5 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 57.6 W 88.81%
80
319.841 x10−3 A 199.901 V 63.936 W 27.5 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 70.4 W 90.82%
100
399.769 x10−3 A 199.885 V 79.908 W 33.7 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 86.272 W 92.62%
125
431.737 x10−3 A 199.878 V 86.295 W 36.2 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 92.672 W 93.12%
135
479.685 x10−3 A 199.869 V 95.874 W 40.0 x10−3 N-m 2,560 rad/s 102.4 W 93.63%
150
Table 2.4

VL

IL
Graph 2.1
% e ff

P out

Graph 2.2

COMPUTATIONS
Power Output = Load Current X Terminal Voltage
2𝜋𝑁𝑇
Power Input =
60

Efficiency = 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑥 100


𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡

DISCUSSION: {from obtained results}

OBSERVATION:
CONCLUSION:

DOCUMENTATION:

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