Power Systems-2 GATE: Handout-1 Per Unit System

PER UNIT SYSTEM

1. A 1- load is drawing 100 A at 0.8 power factor
lagging from 400 V, 50 Hz, 1 kVA mains. Calculate

Th
is
base current, base impedance and per unit active and

PD
F
reactive powers.

be
lo
2. The per unit active and reactive power drawn by 1-

ng
s
load 1 p.u and 0.75 p.u respectively. From 500 V, 2

to
Ab
kVA mains. Calculate 9. A star and delta connected loads are connected in

hi
na
i. Power factor of the load parallel and supplied from 100 V, 1 kVA mains as

v
Kr
shown below. Calculate the per phase p.u impedance.

is
ii. Actual value of Apparent power

hn
a
iii. Actual resistance and accrual reactance

M
te
3. The per unit impedance of a 200 V/400 V, 1-, 50 Hz

fF
R
0
transformer is 0.2 p.u and its actual impedance

(a
bh
referred to primary is 50 Ω. Calculate kVA rating of

in
av
transformer.

m
kr
10. A 100 MVA, 10 kV/120 kV, 3, star-delta

is
4. The per unit leakage impedance of a single phase 200

hn
transformer has per unit impedance of 0.2 p.u referred

a2
V/400 V transformer in primary and secondary

02
to L.V side. Calculate the impedance in ohms referred

0@
respectively 0.1+j0.3 p.u and 0.4+j0.8 p.u. The per
to HV delta connected side.

gm
unit impedance of a transformer referred to primary is

ai
11. A single phase 10 kV/100 kV, 100 MVA transformer

l.c
(a) 0.1 + j 0.3 p.u (b) 0.2 + j 0.5 p.u

om
has an impedance of 0.5 Ω referred to L.V side,

,8
(c) 0.5 + j 1.1 p.u (d) 0.4 + j 0.8 p.u

54
i. Calculate impedance referred to HV side.

72
5. The synchronous reactance of a 100 MVA, 11 kV, 3- ii. Calculate per unit impedance of transformer

68
03
, synchronous generator is 0.605 Ω. The per unit iii. If three such transformers are connected to

4)
synchronous reactance of generator is form a 3- star-delta transformer, then
(a) 0.5 p.u (b) 0.605 p.u calculate its per unit impedance referred to
(c) 1.01 p.u (d) 1.21 p.u primary and secondary.
6. A 100 MVA, 100 kV, 3- transmission line having 12. The per unit leakage impedance of a 3- star-delta
series impedance of Z = 20+j50 Ω. The line is 400 kV/25 kV, 100 MVA transformer referred to
delivering 50 MW power at 0.8 power factor lagging. primary is 0.1+j0.4 p.u. The leakage reactance of a
i. Calculate resistance and reactance of transformer referred to LV in Ω is
transmission line in p.u (a) 640 (b) 7.5
ii. Calculate active and reactive power delivered (c) 2.5 (d) 1.875
by the line in p.u. 13. The per unit reactance of a 500 MVA, 11 kV
7. A star connected resistive load is supplied from 100 synchronous generator is 0.5 p.u. The per unit
V, 1 kVA rating mains as shown below. Calculate the reactance of generator on 100 MVA, 22 kV base is
per unit equivalent of star connected load. (a) 0.05 p.u (b) 0.04 p.u
(c) 0.025 p.u (d) 0.75 p.u
14. The per unit reactance of a 100 MVA, 33 kV
synchronous generator is 0.5 p.u. The per unit
reactance of generator on 100 MVA, 11 kV base is
15. The per unit reactance of a synchronous generator is
x p.u. If base voltage and base MVA got double, then
8. A delta connected load is supplied from 100 V, 1 kVA its new per unit reactance is
mains as shown below. Calculate the per unit (a) 0.5x p.u (b) x p.u
equivalent of delta connected load. (c) 2x p.u (d) 0.25x p.u

1 Prepared by: Giri, OHM Institute – Hyderabad www.ohminstitute.com

Power Systems-2 GATE: Handout-1 Per Unit System
16. The per unit reactance of a synchronous generator is 22. The nominal-T equivalent circuit of a 220 kV, 400
x p.u. If base voltage is doubled and MVA is halved, MVA transmission line is shown below. Calculate
then its new per unit reactance is The per unit nominal-T network of transmission line.
(a) 0.125x p.u (b) x p.u
(c) 2x p.u (d) 0.5x p.u
17. The per unit reactance of a synchronous generator is

Th
x p.u. If base voltage is halved and base MVA is

is
PD
halved, then its new per unit reactance is

F
(a) 0.125x p.u (b) 4 x p.u

be
lo
ng
(c) 2x p.u (d) 8x p.u 23. A single line diagram of power system is shown

s
to
18. A single line diagram of power system is shown below.

Ab
below.

hi
na
v
Kr
is
hn
a
M
te
fF
R
0
(a
T: It is a combination of three single phase

bh
Draw the impedance diagram by considering

in
transformer of each rating 11 kV/127 kV, 50 MVA

av
generator rating as base.

m
kr
19. A single line diagram of power system is shown with leakage reactance of 0.2 p.u. Calculate driving

is
hn
below with rating of each element as indicated. point reactance of bus (c) by considering generator

a2
02
Considering generator rating as base, calculate the rating as base

0@
gm
new base voltage in load circuit. 24. A star connected load is supplied from a 3-, 50 Hz,

ai
l.c
500 V, 10 kVA supply. The load is purely resistive

om
,8
and it is drawing 1 p.u power then load resistance in

54
per unit is

72
68
(a) 1 p.u (b) 1 p.u

03
(a) 10 kV (b) 11 kV

4)
(c) 12.1 kV (d) 13.8 kV (c) 1/3 p.u (d) 3 p.u
20. A 3, 11 kV, 100 MVA synchronous generator with 25. The per unit line voltage of a star connected load is
Xd = 0.5 p.u. The generator is delivering a real power 10 p.u . The per unit phase voltage is
of 0.8 p.u at 0.8 power factor lagging with a terminal 1 1
voltage of 10 kV. Calculate the internal voltage of (a) 0 p.u (b)   30 p.u
3 3
generator in per unit and in kV.
21. A single line diagram of power system is shown (c) 10 p.u (d) 1  30 p.u
below. Draw the impedance diagram and calculate the 26. A 1- phase resistor is drawing ‘x’ watt and ‘y’ p.u
driving point reactance of bus-3 by taking 10 Ω power from a 1- supply. If three such resistors are
transmission line as base. connected in star then it draws
(a) 3x watt and 3y p.u
(b) x watt and y p.u
(c) x watt and 3y p.u
(d) 3x watt and y p.u
27. A  connected load drawing a line current of
10 p.u . The phase current drawn by the load is
(a) 10 p.u (b) 1
  30 p.u
3
(c) 1  30 p.u (d) 1
0 p.u
3

2 Prepared by: Giri, OHM Institute – Hyderabad www.ohminstitute.com