DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

FACULTY PREPARATORY PROGRAM

2024-25 Even Semester

Sub Code : CS23411

Subject Name : Database Management Systems

Year / Semester : II / IV

Prepared by Approved by

Dr. P.KALAIVANI HOD / CSE

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1. College and Department Vision Mission and Program Educational Objectives

Vision of the Institute

● To set a benchmark in the field of engineering education by providing quality technical education
that fosters the spirit of learning, research and globally competent professionalism.

Mission of the Institute

● To impart education that caters to the growing challenges of the industry and social needs of our
nation.
● To constantly upgrade the standards of teaching and learning in the field of engineering and
technology while promoting a healthy research atmosphere.
● To foster a healthy symbiosis with the industry through meaningful and dynamic interactions.

Vision of the Department

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 ● To establish a pioneering presence in the domain of
Computer Science and Engineering by delivering excellence in technical learning that nurtures a
culture of innovation, research and competent professionalism.

Mission of the Department

● To empower the next generation of Computer Science and Engineering professionals attuned to
industry evolution and national progress.
● To drive a continuous advancement in teaching and learning standards in the field of Computer
Science and Engineering by fostering an enriching research milieu.
● To forge a strong and symbiotic relationship with the industry, facilitating dynamic interactions that
bridge academia and real-world applications, nurturing innovation and productive collaboration.

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

PEO I

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 ● Graduates can pursue higher education and
research or have a successful career in industries associated with Computer
Science and Engineering.

PEO II

● Adapt the emerging technological changes for the global social benefits.

PEO III

● Become entrepreneurs in the field of Computer Science and Engineering,

inculcating Research and Innovation.

Program Outcomes (POs)

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals and
an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex engineering
problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and
engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design
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 system components or
processes that meet the
specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal,
and environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research methods
including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to
provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering
and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an understanding
of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal,
health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional
engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in
societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable
development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the
engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse
teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and
design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering and
management principles and apply these to one ‘s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to
manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

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 3. Course Syllabus

CS23411 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LTPC

3 0 0 3

UNIT I RELATIONAL DATABASES 9

Purpose of Database System – Views of data – Data Models – Database System Architecture – Introduction
to relational databases – Relational Model – Keys – Relational Algebra – SQL fundamentals – Advanced
SQL features – Embedded SQL– Dynamic SQL

UNIT II DATABASE DESIGN 9

Entity-Relationship model – E-R Diagrams – Enhanced-ER Model – ER-to-Relational Mapping –
Functional Dependencies – Non-loss Decomposition – First, Second, Third Normal Forms, Dependency
Preservation – Boyce/Codd Normal Form – Multi-valued Dependencies and Fourth Normal Form – Join
Dependencies and Fifth Normal Form.

UNIT III TRANSACTIONS 9

Transaction Concepts – ACID Properties – Schedule and immediate update – Shadow paging – ARIES
Algorithm– Serializability – Transaction support in SQL – Need for Concurrency – Concurrency control –
Two Phase Locking- Timestamp – Multiversion – Multiple Granularity locking – Deadlock Handling –
Recovery Concepts – Recovery based on deferred.

UNIT IV IMPLEMENTATIONTECHNIQUES 9
RAID – File Organization – Organization of Records in Files – Data dictionary Storage – Column Oriented
Storage– Indexing and Hashing –Ordered Indices – B+ tree Index Files – B tree Index Files – Static
Hashing – Dynamic Hashing – Query Processing Overview – Algorithms for Selection, Sorting and join
operations – Query optimization using Heuristics - Cost Estimation.

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 UNIT V
9
Parallel Databases: Architecture, Data Storage, Transaction
Processing, Query processing and optimization - Distributed Databases: Architecture, Data Storage,
Transaction Processing, Query processing and optimization – NOSQL Databases: Introduction – CAP
Theorem –Graph Databases. Fire base Real time database.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudharshan, “Database System Concepts”, Seventh Edition,
McGraw Hill, 2020. (Unit I & II).
2. Ramez Elmasri, Shamkant B. Navathe, “Fundamentals of Database Systems”,Seventh Edition, Pearson
Education, 2017. (Unit III, IV & V).

REFERENCES:

1. Ramakrishna Gehrke,” Database Management Systems” Mcgraw Hill Publication, 3rd Edition 2011.
2. Serge Abiteboul, Richard Hull and Victor Vianu, Foundations of Databases. Addison- Wesley. 3.
G.K.Gupta, “Database Management Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011. 4. Neil Smyth. Firebase Essentials -
Android Edition. 2016.

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 4. Course Objectives and Course Outcomes
COURSE OBJECTIVES
CO Course Objective Statements
CO1 To introduce the concept of Relational Databases, relational algebra and SQL.
CO2 To emphasize the concepts of ER diagrams and normalization techniques.
CO3 To introduce the fundamental concepts of transaction, concurrency and recovery processing.
To provide understanding of internal storage structures utilizing various file and indexing
CO4
techniques.
To evaluate statistical database security measures and understand their significance in protecting
CO5
sensitive information.

COURSE OUTCOMES
CO Course Outcome Statements
CO1 Construct SQL Queries using relational algebra.
CO2 Design database using ER model and normalize the database.
Develop queries for managing transaction processing and ensuring the coherence of the
CO3
database.
Compare and contrast various indexing strategies and apply the knowledge to tune the
CO4
performance of the database.
Assess the disparities between advanced databases and Relational Databases, and select a
CO5
suitable database for the specified requirement.

CO-PO – PSO Mapping

CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO 1 2 2 3 2 1 - - - 2 1 1 1 2 1 3
CO 2 3 1 1 1 1 - - - 2 3 3 3 3 1 2
CO 3 3 2 3 2 1 - - - 2 1 1 2 2 3 3
CO 4 1 2 3 2 - - - - 3 2 3 3 1 2 3
CO 5 1 1 3 3 2 - - - 1 3 3 1 2 2 2

Average 2.0 1.6 2.6 2.0 1.5 - - - 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.6

1 - low, 2 - medium, 3 - high, ‘-' - no correlation

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 5. Course Plan (Theory)

RAJALAKSHMI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,

KUTHAMBAKKAM, CHENNAI - 600124
LESSON PLAN
Ref No.: RIT/IQAC/AcdAct/LP /2001/2.0
DEPARTMENT : Computer Science and Business Systems
ACADEMIC YEAR : 2024-25 EVEN

Faculty Name Dr. P.KALAIVANI

Subject Code/ Name CS23411 / DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Semester 04 Year II
Branch CSE Section A&C

UNIT I: RELATIONAL DATABASES

Books
Session Proposed Topics to be Text/ Delivery Real-Time
No Date/Period covered Reference Method Activity Example
Discuss challenges
in Managing
Purpose of Database E-commerce
1 T1 Lecture Customer Orders
System Website
in an E-commerce
Website
Managing
Views of data & Data Group activity to Employee
2 T1 Lecture
Models identify examples. Records in an
Organization
Discuss inductive Managing an
Database System Lecture
3 T1 bias in small Online Library
Architecture + Demo
groups. System.
Managing a
Discuss inductive
Introduction to Student
4 T1 Lecture bias in small
relational databases Enrollment
groups.
System
Managing
Lecture Discuss inductive
Relational Model & Employee and
5 T1 + bias in small
Keys Department
Practical groups.
Data
6 Relational Algebra T1 Lecture Group activity to A company's
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 identify examples.
database with
two relations:
Discuss key
Lecture Online Retail
7 SQL Fundamentals T1 components of
+ Demo Database
SQL
Discuss key E-Commerce
Advanced SQL Lecture
8 T1 components of Database
features + Q&A
SQL Analytics
Perform dynamic
Embedded & Lecture transactions like Banking
9 T1
Dynamic SQL + Demo deposits or System
withdrawals
No. of Periods allotted by the University: 9
No. of Periods Planned: 9

UNIT II: DATABASE DESIGN

Books
Session Proposed Topics to be Text/ Delivery Real-Time
No Date/Period covered Reference Method Activity Example
Create a junction
entity called
Order_Details
with attributes
Entity-Relationship
Order_ID and An online store
1 model & E-R
Product_ID as needs to manage
Diagrams
foreign keys, data about
along with products,
Quantity and customers, and
T1 Lecture Price. orders.
Diagram
Enhanced-ER Representation EER Model for
2
Model Lecture for E-Commerce an E-Commerce
T1 + Demo System Platform
ER-to-
Relational
ER-to-Relational
3 Lecture Mapping for an
Mapping
+ Mapping Entities E-Commerce
T1 Practical to Tables System
4 Functional T1 Lecture Consider an e- E-Commerce
Dependencies commerce
database system
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 with entities for
Customers,
Orders, Products,
and Payments.
Consider a
relation for an e-
commerce system
Non-loss
5 that tracks
Decomposition
customers,
Lecture orders, and
T1 + Demo products E-Commerce
Consider a Sales Normalizing a
First, Second, Third table that records Sales Database
6
Normal Forms orders, products,
T1 Lecture and customers:
Dependency Library
Preservation & Group activity to System.systems.
7
Boyce-Codd identify
Normal Form T1 Lecture examples.
Multi-valued Discuss key
Dependencies and components of
Fourth Normal Employee
Form database where
8
each employee
has multiple employee Skills
skills and and
T1 Lecture certifications. Certifications
Group activity to University
Join Dependencies identify Database
9 and Fifth Normal examples. (Course,
Form Instructor, and
T1 Lecture Students)
No. of Periods allotted by the University: 9
No. of Periods Planned: 9

UNIT III: TRANSACTIONS

Books
Session Proposed Topics to be Text/ Delivery Real-Time
No Date/Period covered Reference Method Activity Example
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 Transaction Solve how these
1 Concepts & ACID properties work
Properties T2 together to ensure bank transfer
that transactions system using
are executed ACID
safely and without properties.
Lecture data corruption
Schedule and Group activity to Banking
2 T2
Immediate update Lecture identify examples. Systemn.
Simulating a
Shadow paging & Banking
3 T2
ARIES Algorithm Discuss key Transaction
Lecture components Recovery
Banking System
4 Serializability T2 Discuss key with
Lecture components Serializability
practical activity
with SQL
Transaction support
5 T2 Lecture statements for
in SQL
+ handling a bank
Practical transfer scenarios. Banking System
Simulate
Need for
concurrency Banking System
Concurrency -
6 T2 control using a with
Concurrency
lock-based Concurrency
Control
Lecture protocol Control
Two Phase Locking Implementing
7 , Timestamp – T2 MVCC in a Bank
Multiversion Lecture Transfer Scenario Banking System
Simulating
Multiple Multiple
Granularity locking Granularity
8 T2
& Deadlock Locking and Deadlock
Handling Deadlock Handling in a
Lecture Handling Bank System
Implementing
Recovery Concepts Recovery Based
9 - Recovery based T2 on Deferred Recovery Based
on deferred Updates in a on Deferred
Lecture Banking System Updates
No. of Periods allotted by the University: 9
No. of Periods Planned: 9

UNIT IV: IMPLEMENTATION TECHNIQUES

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 Books
Session Proposed Topics to be Text/ Delivery Activity Real-Time
No Date/Period covered Reference Method Example
T2 Simulating RAID
and File
RAID & File
1 Lecture Organization in a
Organization
+ Database System Web Hosting
Practical Scenario: System.
Organization of T2
Records in Files & Apply Database
2
Data dictionary Organization of Management in a
Storage Lecture Records in Files Library System
T2 Using Column-
Column Oriented
Lecture Oriented Storage,
3 Storage - Indexing
+ Indexing, and User
and Hashing
Practical Hashing Authentication
T2 Implementing
Ordered Indices & Ordered Indexes
4
B+ Tree Index Files and B+ Tree
Lecture Index Files Library System:
T2 Implementing
Ordered Indexes
5 B Tree Index Files
and B+ Tree
Lecture Index Files Library System:
T2 Implementing Library
Static Hashing &
6 Static and Management
Dynamic Hashing
Lecture Dynamic Hashing System
T2 Consider a
library
management
Query Processing
7 system where
Overview
users query the
database to find Online Library
Lecture books Database
Algorithms for T2 Implementing
8 Selection, Sorting Sorting and Join E-Commerce
and Join Operations Lecture Algorithms Database
9 Query optimization T2 Lecture Consider an Employee
using Heuristics - Employee Database
Cost Estimation Database with
two tables:
Employees
(emp_id, name,
department_id,
salary) and
Departments
(dept_id,
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 dept_name).
No. of Periods allotted by the University: 9
No. of Periods Planned: 9

UNIT V: ADVANCED TOPICS

Books
Session Proposed Topics to be Text/ Delivery Real-Time
No Date/Period covered Reference Method Activity Example
Parallel
1 Databases: T2 Parallel Database Parallel Database in
Architecture Lecture Query Execution E-Commerce
Data Storage & Implementing a
2 Transaction T2 Transaction in an
Processing Lecture Online Store Online store
Query Query Optimization in Library
3 processing and T2 a Library Management
Optimization Lecture Management System System
Distributed Simulating a
4 Databases: T2 Distributed Query in a Global Retail
Architecture Lecture Global Retail System System
Simulating Data
5 Data Storage T2 Storage in a File
Lecture System File Storage System
Transaction Lecture Simulating a
6 T2
Processing + Demo Transaction in a Bank Banking System
Query Lecture Simulating Query
7 processing and T2 + Processing and Query Optimization
Optimization Practical Optimization in a Large Database
NOSQL CAP Theorem
Databases: Simulating CAP (Consistency,
8 T2
Introduction - Theorem in a NoSQL Availability,
CAP Theorem Lecture Database Scenario Partition Tolerance)
Graph Graph Database
Databases & Building a Real-Time and Firebase
9 T2
Fire base Real Chat Application with Realtime Database
time database Lecture Firebase are used:
No. of Periods allotted by the University: 9
No. of Periods Planned: 9

TEXT BOOKS:

T1 Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudharshan, “Database System Concepts”, Seventh

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 Edition, McGraw Hill, 2020. (Unit
I & II)
Ramez Elmasri, Shamkant B. Navathe, “Fundamentals of Database Systems”,Seventh Edition,
T2
Pearson Education, 2017. (Unit III, IV & V)

REFERENCE BOOKS:

T1 Ramakrishna Gehrke,” Database Management Systems” Mcgraw Hill Publication, 3rd Edition 2011.
T2 Serge Abiteboul, Richard Hull and Victor Vianu, Foundations of Databases. Addison- Wesley.
T3 G.K.Gupta, “Database Management Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011.
T4 Neil Smyth. Firebase Essentials - Android Edition. 2016.

Subject Handling Faculty Course Coordinator HOD

ASSIGNMENTS
Assignment 1: (CO1)
Project Title: Library Management System
Project Description:
A Library Management System is a basic project to manage books, authors, and library members. The
system allows tracking issued books, returned books, and overdue fines while leveraging relational database
concepts.
 SQL - Create tables, insert data, and retrieve basic information.
 Dynamic SQL: Execute dynamically constructed queries based on user input (e.g., search for books by
title or author).
 Design the Database Schema:

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  Books Table: BookID, Title,
AuthorID, Genre, YearPublished, AvailableCopies.
 Authors Table: AuthorID, Name, Nationality.
 Members Table: MemberID, Name, ContactInfo.
 Transactions Table: TransactionID, BookID, MemberID, IssueDate, DueDate, ReturnDate, Fine.

Assignment 2: (CO2)
Project Title: Student-Course Enrollment System
Problem Statement: Design a database for a system that manages students, courses, and their enrollments,
ensuring normalized relationships and dependency preservation.
1. Entity-Relationship Model (ER Model):
 Entities:
 Student: Represents students in the system.
 Course: Represents courses offered.
 Enrollment: Captures the many-to-many relationship between students and courses.
 Relationships:
 A student can enroll in multiple courses.
 A course can have multiple students.

Attributes:
 Student: StudentID (PK), Name, Email.
 Course: CourseID (PK), Title, Credits.
 Enrollment: EnrollmentID (PK), StudentID (FK), CourseID (FK), Grade.
ER Diagram:
 Represent entities (Student, Course, Enrollment).
 Show relationships between them (Enrolled In with a many-to-many relationship).
 Add attributes to entities and primary/foreign keys.

Assignment 3: (CO2)

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 Project Title: Banking System with
Transaction Handling
Problem Statement: Design a database system to manage bank accounts and simulate money transfers
between accounts, ensuring ACID properties, concurrency, and recovery.
ACID Properties in Money Transfer
Task: Simulate a money transfer between two accounts using SQL transactions while ensuring ACID
properties.
 Atomicity: The transfer should either fully complete (debit + credit) or not occur at all.
 Consistency: Total money in all accounts remains constant.
 Isolation: Concurrent transfers shouldn't interfere with each other.
 Durability: Completed transfers should persist even after failures.

Assignment 4: (CO2)
Project Title: Employee Database with Indexing and Query Optimization
1. Database Design Design a simple schema for storing employee records.
Employee Table:
 Attributes: EmployeeID (PK), Name, Department, Salary.
2. SQL Schema
3. File Organization
Assume the records are stored in a sorted order by EmployeeID.

4. Indexing: Creating an Ordered Index (B+ Tree)

Create an index on the Salary column to speed up queries like finding employees within a salary
Using Static Hashing
Create a hash index on Department to optimize queries like finding employees by department.
Query Processing & Query Optimization:
1. Selection Query with Indexed Column:
 Find employees with a salary greater than $60,000:
This project will demonstrate:
1. File organization with records.
2. Indexing using B+ trees or hashing.
3. Query processing and optimization for selection and sorting.
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 Expected Outcome
1. Understand how indexing improves query performance.
2. Observe static hashing and bucket partitioning.
3. Analyze query execution plans for optimization.

Assignment 5: (CO5)
Project Title: Collaborative Task Manager using Firebase Realtime Database
Problem Statement:
Build a basic task management system where multiple users can collaboratively add, update, and delete
tasks in real-time, while understanding the CAP theorem (Consistency, Availability, Partition Tolerance)
and exploring the principles of NoSQL databases.

Key Concepts Covered:

1. Firebase Realtime Database: Store and retrieve data in real-time.
2. Data Storage: Organize and structure NoSQL data in a JSON-like format.
3. Consistency: Ensure that task updates reflect instantly across all connected clients.
4. Transaction Processing: Demonstrate safe updates to tasks using Firebase's atomic operations.
5. Real-Time Querying: Fetch tasks dynamically as the database changes.

Expected Outcome
1. Real-Time Collaboration: Multiple clients can interact with the task list simultaneously, seeing
updates live.
2. NoSQL Data Modeling: Understand hierarchical, JSON-like data storage.
3. Transaction Handling: Ensure safe updates to the database.
4. CAP Theorem Practicality: Understand how Firebase balances consistency and availability.

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 Activity Based Learning

 Free Course for Students were planned in DBMS

 Suggested to complete course in NPTEL

Online Certification Courses

UNIT 1
Course Name : Introduction to SQL
Link : https://www.simplilearn.com/free-online-course-to-learn-sql-basics-skillup
UNIT 2
Course Name : Database Normalization
Link : https://www.mygreatlearning.com/academy/learn-for-free/courses/database-normalization
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 UNIT 3
Course Name : DBMS
Link : https://www.mygreatlearning.com/academy/learn-for-free/courses/database-management-
system
UNIT 4
Course Name : DBMS Course- Master the Fundamentals and Advanced Concepts
Link : https://www.scaler.com/topics/course/dbms/
UNIT 5
Course Name : SQL Projects for Beginners
Link : https://www.mygreatlearning.com/academy/learn-for-free/courses/sql-projects-for-beginners

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