UNIT-II

Web based E-Commerce:

 Steps in setting up business on Internet

 Selection and registration of domain name
 Website development & website hosting

Choose a domain name for your site. This is the part of the name that
comes before the dot com at the end. It will be exclusive to your site and
no one can copy it. Find a domain name registry and go through the
process of registering the name. This will include paying a fee.
Set up a merchant account with your bank, and make the necessary
provisions to receive payments from various credit cards. You may want
to set up a PayPal account as well.
Design your Web site, keeping your target audience in mind. If you want
to do this yourself and you don't have HTML skills, consider purchasing a
program specifically for designing Web pages. Otherwise consider
employing a professional to design a site for you. Remember, it's very
important that your site looks professional and is well organized. It
shouldn't be so overloaded with information that it's hard to navigate or
read.
Web site has a clear system for placing orders and making payments.
Choose a company with a Web hosting package. Your Internet Service
Provider will offer Web hosting, but you may want to hire a specialist
hosting company, which will have more in the way of e-commerce
packages for new-to-the-web businesses. If you have not already done so,
a good company might be able to help you register a domain name.
Test your Web site to make sure it's in working order and easy to navigate
Register your business with your state's secretary of state, and get any
necessary licenses.
Obtain all the necessary tax identification numbers.
Your Business Plan: If you're thinking about starting a business online,
you probably already have a good idea of what kind of company you'd like
to run.
Your Competition...and Your Customers: An important consideration
before you get started is how your business will stack up against
competitors. Go online and do a little research. You'll likely find many
examples of other businesses that offer similar services or products. You
can also learn what works and what doesn't by checking out how your
competitors position their online businesses.
Domain Name Registration:
One of the most crucial requirements for establishing an online identity is
registering a domain name. Domain names are considered very vital for
any website, as it is the web address that others will use to track your
website. People who would want to visit your website will type in this
address in the address bar of their web browsers. Most people who seek to
build a great online presence tend to overlook the process of selecting a
domain, which is rather not a right strategy to follow. A domain must
always be selected only after a careful review and consideration
Selection of Domain Names: Most people tend to overlook the process of
selecting an appropriate name, as they just focus on the way their websites
are designed and hosted. There are some basic set of principles that one
must follow while picking any domain name. The user first needs to
define the aim of having a website. If he plans to build a website for a
recreational purpose, he can get away with any name, but if the website is
meant for a business purpose the name should only be selected after a
cautious evaluation.
Several things go into making an ideal domain name, these are:
 It should be unique & short
 It should be rich in keywords
 It should be suggestive to the nature of business
 It should be simple and easy to memorize
 It should be easy to spell and should not complicated
 Domain Registration
When you have actually selected the name that you wish to register, it is
time for you to register it. Domain name registration is one of the most
crucial steps in building an online identity, as a registered domain
becomes a legal entity of the domain registrant and no other part has any
right to it. The process of registering a domain has become much simpler
over the past few years. Here are the steps that need to be followed:
It should be unique & short
 Select the name you want to register
 Choose a domain registrar to register the name
 Provide your basic information to the registrar (name, address, phone
number, email id, etc)
 Make the payment for registering the domain
 Domain Registrar
A domain registrar is basically a registered organization that is authorized
by domain governing bodies to register domains. As there are several
companies that provide this service, choosing one will not be difficult.
Here are some tips that you can follow while selecting a registrar:
 It should be unique & short
 Choose a registrar that offers reasonable prices
 Choose a registrar that offers complete customer support
 Choose a registrar that offers add-on services

Web development
Web development is a broad term for the work involved in developing a
web site for the Internet (World Wide Web) or an intranet (a private
network). Web development can range from developing the simplest static
single page of plain text to the most complex web-based internet
applications, electronic businesses, and social network services. A more
comprehensive list of tasks to which web development commonly refers,
may include web design, web content development, client liaison, client-
side/server-side scripting, web server and network security configuration,
and e-commerce development. Among web professionals, "web
development" usually refers to the main non-design aspects of building
web sites: writing markup and coding.
Web Development can be split into many areas and a typical and basic
web development hierarchy might consist of:
 Client side coding
Ajax Asynchronous JavaScript provides new methods of using JavaScript,
and other languages to improve the user experience.
 AJAX(Ajax Asynchronous JavaScript)
Ajax is a web development technique used for creating interactive web
applications. The intent is to make web pages feel more responsive by
exchanging small amounts of data with the server behind the scenes, so
that the entire web page does not have to be reloaded each time the user
requests a change. This is intended to increase the web page’s
interactivity, speed, functionality, and usability.
Ajax is a cross-platform technique usable on many different operating
systems, computer architectures, and Web browsers as it is based on open
standards such as JavaScript and XML, together with open source
implementations of other required technologies.

FlashAdobe Flash PlayerAdobe Flash technology is used to create

content for the web applications, games and movies, and content for
mobile phones and other embedded devices. The Flash Player is a client
application available in most common web browsers.
Since its introduction in 1996, Flash technology has become a popular
method for adding animation and interactivity to web pages; several
software products, systems, and devices are able to create or display Flash.
Flash is commonly used to create animation, various web-page
components, to integrate video into web pages, and more recently, to
develop rich internet applications.
 JavaScriptJavaScript is a ubiquitous client side platform for creating
and delivering rich web applications that can also run across a wide
variety of devices. It is a dialect of the scripting language.
HTML5and CSS3 Latest HTML proposed standard combined with the
latest proposed standard for CSS natively supports much of the client-side
functionality provided by other frameworks such as Flash and Silverligt
 Server side coding
  ASP
CGI Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is a standard method used to
generate dynamic content on Web pages and Web applications. CGI, when
implemented on a Web server, provides an interface between the Web
server and programs that generate the Web content. These programs are
known as CGI scripts or simply CGIs; they are usually written in a
scripting language, but can be written in any programming language.
Java, e.g. Java Servlets, JSPJavaServer Pages (JSP) technology enables
Web developers and designers to rapidly develop and easily maintain,
information-rich, dynamic Web pages that leverage existing business
systems. As part of the Java technology family, JSP technology enables
rapid development of Web-based applications that are platform
independent. JSP technology separates the user interface from content
generation, enabling designers to change the overall page layout without
altering the underlying dynamic content. or WebObjects
Web content management system: A content management system[6] (Web
CMS) is a bundled or stand-alone application to create, deploy, manage
and store content on Web pages. Web content includes text and embedded
graphics, photos, video, audio, and code (e.g., for applications) that
displays content or interacts with the user. A Web CMS may catalog and
index content, select or assemble content at runtime, or deliver content to
specific visitors in a requested way, such as other languages. Web CMSs
usually allow client control over HTML-based content, files, documents,
 Notable web CMS are:
Joomla is a popular content management system that can be used to easily
create and edit webpages.
Drupalis the third most used CMS and originated before WordPress and
Joomla.
Expression Engine is in the top 5 most used CMS. It is a commercial
CMS .
What is Website Hosting?
A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows
individuals and organizations to make their website accessible via the
World Wide Web. Web hosts are companies that provide space on a server
owned or leased for use by clients, as well as providing Internet
connectivity

Hosting a website means making a website available to public worldwide.

When you create website, it is composed of web pages having text,
images, videos and other content for people to see them. However, people
can see your website only when it is available on the Internet. To make
your website available on the Internet, you have to store it on a computer
called web server. When you buy some space on a web server and store
your webpages there, your website becomes hosted and can be seen by
anyone.

What Services are given by Web Hosting Companies?

Space on their servers is, no doubt, the most important product sold by a
web host. Many other products and services, essential for website hosting,
are also provided by them such as domain name registration, email hosting
services, and SSL certificates etc. Some of the service providers also give
the facility of website builder tools through which you can create your
own website without the help of web designers and developers. However,
the most important products of a web host are the different types of web
server hosting so that their clients might choose the hosting space suitable
to their specific needs.
What are the Basic Features of a Web Hosting Plan?

Here is a list of basic features that most of the website hosting plans
provide:
Disk Space: Disk space means the amount of storage space provided to
you by your web hosting provider. You need disk space to store your web
files composed of text, images, video, audio, etc. disk space is measured in
megabytes and a good hosting company will provide packages with
differing amounts of space to cater to the needs of all sizes of websites-
from smaller personal websites to larger company websites
Bandwidth: Bandwidth means the amount of data that a website can
transfer over a period of time. It determines the speed of your website.
More bandwidth means more speed. The less bandwidth your site has, the
slower it takes for it to load. Some hosting service providers provide
unlimited bandwidth whereas some others have different prices based
upon the amount you use. If your website has heavier pages like those
with lots of images, videos etc. then you will need higher storage along
with greater bandwidth.
Uptime: Uptime means the percentage of time that a hosting server stays
up or running. 99.99% uptime would mean that your website will go down
only for about 8 hours in a year while 98% uptime would mean that your
website may remain down for about 7.3 days in a year. If your website is
an ecommerce website and your customers pay online or you get any type
of business through your website, more downtime can mean greater losses.