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CHAPTER 1
ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION
1.1 About the Organization IC Solutions
Techno-fly Solutions is a leading electronics product design, development and services
company. The professionals with industrial experience in embedded technology, real time
software, process control and industrial electronics held the company. The company is the pioneers
in design and development of Single Board Computers, Compilers for micro-controllers within
India. Talented professional in the field of embedded hardware, software design and development
toil to reach its excellence.

Fig 1.1 Techno-fly logo

Techno-fly Solutions & Consulting was found in year 2017 by a team with 14+ years of
experience in embedded systems domain. Techno-fly Solutions focuses globally on automotive
embedded technologies and VLSI Design, Corporate Training & Consulting. Till now we have
delivered more than 15+ Corporate Trainings for companies working in Embedded Automotive
Technologies in India. Also involved in the Development of OBD2 (On Board Diagnose Product
for Passenger cars) for clients in India.

Expertise in Embedded software development:

1. Microcontroller Drivers.Boot loader and System software. CAN.

2. LIN and other serial communication software.
3. On Board Diagnostics services [ISO-14229 and ISO-15765].
4. Model based software development.

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5. Modelling, Simulation, Auto coding and Reverse Engineering.

6. Application software development compliant with MISRA-C.
7. UTOSAR Configuration and generation.

Automotive domain expertise, Process quality:

1. Body Control Module.

2. Power Electronics, DCDC Convertors.
3. HVAC Systems.
4. Cluster and Head-Up Display systems.
5. Driver Information systems.
6. Seat Modules.

Expertise in ASIC VLSI:

1. Verilog courses.
2. System Verilog for design and Verification.
3. UVM Methodology for Verification.
4. Functional Verification.

Process Quality:
1. Experience in SPICE Level 3 development.
2. Functional Safety ISO 26262 - ASIL B products.
3. Adaptable to Customer procedures and guidelines.

Technologies:

1. Microcontrollers 8, 16, 32 bit .

2. Embedded C, Python, Iot (PHP Front End & MY SQL Back End Wireless – Bluetooth,
GPS, GPRS, Wi-Fi .
3. Communication protocols – Spi, I2c, CAN, LIN.
4. Mat Lab simlink, Xilinx, Modelsim, Lab View.

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Management:

The Management team as mixture of Technical and Business development expertise with 14+years
of experience in the Information Technology Field.

Status of Technofly solution:

Present the company is involved with developing the GPS Training system for two wheels with
our associated partners also more focusing on Corporate Trainings on AUTOMOTIVE
EMBEDDED and Focused on providing ASIC solutions that involves Design and Verification IP’s
And Functional Verification of Designs.

1.2 Company Profile:

TechnoFly was formed by professionals with formal qualifications and industrial experience in the
fields of embedded systems, real-time software, process control and industrial electronics. The
company is professionally managed and supported by qualified experienced specialists and
consultants with experience in embedded systems – including hardware and software.

Initially, the company Developed system software tools; these include C Compilers for micro-
controllers and other supporting tools such as assembler, linker, simulator and Integrated
Development Environment. Later Single Board Computers (SBCs) – were developed and are still
manufactured. Such hardware boards support a broad range of processors – including 8 bit, 16 and
32 bit processor.

Since 2015, company also started offering design and development services. This includes a
complete spectrum of activities in product development life cycle that is idea generation,
requirement gathering to prototype making, testing and manufacturing. Company has so far
provided product design services for various sectors which include the Industrial automation,
Instrumentation, Automotive, Consumer and Defense sector.

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1.3 Services of Technofly:

When you don’t have enough time, or the right skills on hand, you can supplement your team with
expert embedded engineers from Technofly, who can tackle your projects with confidence, take
out the risk, and hit your milestones. We’ll take as much ownership as you want us to, and make
sure your project is done right, on time and on budget. Go ahead, check our reputation for on-time,
on-budget delivery. We've earned it, time and again.

We can help you cut risk on embedded systems R&D, and accelerate time to market. Technofly is
your best choice for designing and developing embedded products from concept to delivery. Our
team is well-versed in product life cycles. We build complex software systems for real-time
environments and have unique expertise and core competencies in the followingdomains:
Wireless, Access and IOT/Cloud.

Technofly solution also offer services which includes

1. Developing client / server applications to run on Windows / Linux .

2. Develop / Test Internet based applications .
3. Test suite development for applications and network protocols.
4. Developing Networking tools for the enterprises .
5. Verification & Validation of Enterprise applications.
6. Software maintenance of enterprise applications .

WORKING DEPARTMENT IN THE COMPANY

1. Resource management (Spectrum management as well as power management),

2. Power Spectral analysis,
3. Detection Test statics computation methodology analysis,
4. Low power VLSI design
5. Efficiency analysis.

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Engineering Departments and services:

Technofly solution offers services in the areas of Real-Time Embedded Systems, Low power VLSI
design, Verification and Software Engineering Services. Its strong team of around 30 engineers is
equipped with the right tools and right processes to deliver the best. Technofly solution also offers
customization of its products.

Real Time Embedded System and Low power VLSI design Department:
Technofly solution embedded software, hardware, system development, system integration,
verification and product realization services to customers in automotive electronics and consumer
electronics segments worldwide. Technofly solution has more than 14 years of experience in
embedded systems on a variety of platforms such as Microprocessors, Programmable Logic
Devices (PLDs) and ASICs. Accord develops applications based on the various commercially
available real time and embedded operating systems.

Technofly solution provides services in the following areas:

1. Design Services
2. Product Realization

Design Services:
Technofly solution offer services in the areas of:

1. Hardware design and development

2. Software design and development

Hardware Design and Development:

Hardware design and development services are related to:

1. High-speed digital design

2. Mixed signal design
3. Analog and RF design
4. PLD (FPGA/EPLD/CPLD) based design
5. Processor (Micro-controllers, DSP) based design

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6. Mechanical enclosure design

The hardware design and development follow stringent life cycle guidelines laid out at Technofly
solution while accomplishing the following –

Design Assurance

1. Signal Integrity .
2. Cross-talk .
3. Matching and Impedance control .
4. Power supply design with due emphasis for Low-power battery operated .
5. applications .
6. Thermal analysis .
7. Clock distribution .
8. Timing analysis .
9. PCB layer stacking.

Design optimization

Selection of components keeping in mind

1. Cost , Size.
2. Operating and storage temperature .
3. MIL/Industrial/Commercial grades based on application
4. Environmental specifications like vibration, humidity, and radiation

PCB design

1. Optimum number of layers for a given application

2. Material used for PCB
3. Rigid, Flexi and Rigid-Flexi designs based on applications

Pilot production

1. Component sourcing, inward inspection and inventory management

2. PCB assembly

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3. Assembled PCB testing

Software Development

Software design and development services are related to

1. Real-time Embedded Application Development

2. Device Driver Development
3. BSP Development
4. Processor/OS Porting Services
5. RTOS based development
6. Board bring-up
7. Digital Signal Processing Algorithms
8. Porting across platforms

ASIC

1. Design IP’s
2. Verification IP’s (VIP’s)
3. Complete verification Solution

Skill Set

1. Language: C, C++, Assembly languages, Verilog and SystemVerilog

2. Hardware Platforms: ADI DSPs, TI DSPs, ARM, PowerPC, Xscale architecture
3. RTOS: Integrity, VDK, DSP OS, Micro C OS and OASYS
4. FPGA: Xilinx (Spartan and Virtex), Actel, Altera

Tools

1. Development Tools: In-circuit emulators of various processor environments.

2. Compilers: Compilers/IDEs of various processor environments.

FPGA Tools

1. Front End Design:XST, Synplify, SynplifyPro, Precision Synthesis

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2. Back End Design: Xilinx ISE 9.1.03i ,Actel’s Libero 6.0 , Altera’s MAXPlusII.

Simulation:

1. Xilinx ModelSim SE
2. Actel’s Libero 6.0
3. Altera’s MAXPlusII

Coverage Analysis:

TransEDA VN-Cover

Debugging:

ChipScope

Hardware Tools:

1. Spectrum Analyzer
2. Signal Generators
3. Logic Analyzer
4. Digital Storage Oscilloscopes
5. Multifunction Counters
6. Development Tools and In-circuit Emulators for all ADI DSP’s, TI DSP’s,
7. ARM Processor, PowerPC
8. ORCAD, Allegro, Pspice
9. Temperature and Humidity Chamber

Product Realization

Product Realization services are provided in the areas of:

1. Consumer Electronics
2. Automotive
3. Space
4. Defence
5. Simulation/Emulation

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6. Temperature and Humidity Chamber.

7. Temperature and Humidity Chamber.

Software Engineering Department

Technofly solution has a dedicated group specializing in providing productivity tools for
work group collaboration, which also handles software projects for small and medium scale
enterprises. Our Work group productivity software suite Smart Works consists of software
applications which can help you plan and track your projects, Manage meetings and Track various
issues to its closures. Smart Works is affordably priced and uses TCP/IP based client server
architecture at its core. Smart Works server runs on all the windowing platforms (Windows
95/98/NT/2000/ME). Efforts are on to make Smart works available on other platforms as well.

Technofly solution also offer services which includes

1. Developing client / server applications to run on Windows / Linux

2. Develop / Test Internet based applications
3. Test suite development for applications and network protocols
4. Developing Networking tools for the enterprises
5. Verification & Validation of Enterprise applications
6. Software maintenance of enterprise applications

Following are the skill sets Technofly solution has garnered in the area of software:

1. Programming Languages: C, C++, VC++, Java, C#, ASP.Net, PHP, Lex &Yacc, Perl,
Python, Assembly Language and Ada
2. Operating Environments:Real Time Operating Systems such as, GreenHills Integrity
and MicroC-OS. DSP OS, VDK, OASYS and MS-WINCE,MS-Windows, Unix/Linux
and MPE/iX are the operating systems that Accord provides services.

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CHAPTER 2

ABOUT THE DEPARTMENT

2.1 Department Overview:

Data Science and Analytics

In the field of education and knowledge, the Department of Data Science and Analytics
stands as a bastion of learning and discovery. This department is dedicated to the art and science
of transforming data into actionable insights, preparing students for a future where data is at the
core of decision-making.

Central to the department's mission is providing an outstanding education. Students delve

into a variety of subjects, from essential statistical principles to the latest advancements in machine
learning. The focus isn't just on theory; students are encouraged to apply what they learn through
hands-on projects and real-world problem-solving. This approach ensures that they not only
understand the concepts but also know how to use them effectively in practical scenarios. The
department is a hub of research for everyone. Faculty members, experts in their respective fields,
lead innovative projects exploring artificial intelligence ethics, predictive modelling, and the vast
landscape of big data. This research not only expands academic horizons but also provides students
with the chance to be part of pioneering work. Engaging with such projects helps students stay at
the forefront of technological advancements.

Real-world applicability is a key focus. The department actively collaborates with

industries, ensuring students work on projects that matter in the professional world. Guest lectures,
workshops, and mentorship programs by industry professionals give students insights into industry
demands and trends. It’s an approach that bridges the gap between classroom learning and industry
expectations. The department believes in giving back to society. Through outreach programs and
workshops, it shares the knowledge of data science with the community. Empowering people with
data literacy is not just a social responsibility but also a way to create a society where everyone
can benefit from data-driven insights. It’s about making a positive impact beyond the campus.

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In summary, the Department of Data Science and Analytics is more than just an education, it's a
hub of knowledge that prepares students for the challenges of the modern world. Its approach—
blending education, interdisciplinary connections, cutting-edge research, industry collaboration,
and community engagement—creates a holistic learning environment. We, as students, are
immensely grateful for the opportunities and skills we’ve gained. The department has not only
equipped us with knowledge but has also instilled in us a sense of responsibility and a vision for a
future where data becomes a tool for positive change. We extend our heartfelt appreciation to the
department and its faculty for shaping us into professionals ready to make a meaningful difference
in the field of data science and analytics.

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CHAPTER 3
TASK PERFORMED
3.1 Schedule of Tasks preformed
SL.NO TASKS DURATION START END STATUS
PERFORMED DATE DATE
About the
internship
1. • Induction 2 Days 14/08/2023 15/08/2023 Completed

• Installation
of software
2. • Introduction 1 week 16/08/2023 22/08/2023 Completed
to python
3. • Tkinter 1 week 23/08/2023 29/08/2023 Completed
attributes
• Image
processing

4. • Machine 9 days 30/08/2023 08/09/2023 Completed

Learning
Algorithms
• Python
libraries
• Object
detection
algorithm
• CNN
algorithm in
deep learning
5. • Prototyping 1 week 09/09/2023 16/09/2023 Completed
• Testing
• Final Project

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CHAPTER 4
INTENSHIP OBJECTIVES
4.1 OBJECTIVES:
The Objectives for the projects are:
To Capture the image and Classifying Them Using Image Processing

• Input from the camera is processed. detection in image is done using Convolution Neural
Network based You only look once algorithm . detects the fire with accuracy rate.
• After Image processing and detection. If fire is detected, processor turns an intimation alert to
concern forest department or preventive person.
To send Notification to farmers and Forest Officials
intimation alert is sent to forest department or preventive person about Fire presence.

4.2 MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES:

A branch of artificial intelligence is called machine learning, it is used to study algorithms

which bring out the regularities and patterns, these factors can reduce the computational cost
and effortless implementation.

When compared to physical models this technology provides fast training, validation, testing
with increased performance and less complexity.
DATA ANALYSIS
Data analysis is the process of analyzing the raw data so that the processed/analyzed data can
be used in a system or a method/process. It majorly involves three steps data acquisition, data
preprocessing and exploratory data analysis. Data acquisition is collecting the data from various
sources like agencies, etc. for further analysis. While acquiring the data it is important to collect
data which is relevant to the system or the process.

Data preprocessing is a methodology in data mining that is used to convert the raw data into
meaningful and efficient format. Many unrelated and may be present in the results. Software
cleaning is done to tackle the portion. This includes managing details which are incomplete,
noisy information etc. and hence the process of data preprocessing is performed. Exploratory

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data analysis is a significant process to carry out data investigations in order to detect patterns,
irregularities, test the hypothesis and check conclusions using summary statistics and graphical
representations.

The main objective of data analysis’ exploratory phase is to know the important characteristics
of the data by using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, visual inspection and other
simple modeling and understand it.
Key Features
• Optimized for real time image processing & computer vision applications
• Primary interface of Open CV is in C++
• There are also C, Python and JAVA full interfaces
• Open CV applications run on Windows, Android, Linux, Mac and iOS
• Optimized for Intel processors.

OPENCV MODULES

Open CV has a modular structure. The main modules of Open CV are listed below. I have
provided some links which are pointing to some example lessons under each module.
• Core

This is the basic module of Open CV. It includes basic data structures (e.g.- Mat data
structure) and basic image processing functions. This module is also extensively used
by other modules like highgui, etc.
• Highgui

This module provides simple user interface capabilities, several image and video
codecs, image and video capturing capabilities, manipulating image windows,
handling track bars and mouse events and etc. If you want more advanced UI
capabilities,
• Imgproc

This module includes basic image processing algorithms including image filtering,
image transformations, color space conversions and etc.

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• Video

This is a video analysis module which includes object tracking algorithms, background
subtraction algorithms and etc.
• Objdetect

This includes object detection and recognition algorithms for standard objects. Open
CV is now extensively used for developing advanced image processing and computer
vision applications. It has been a tool for students, engineers and researchers in every
nook and corner of the world.

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CHAPTER 5
REFLECTION NOTES
5.1 Internship Experience
During my one-month internship at Technofly Solutions in the role of Data Science, AI, and ML
intern, I had the opportunity to immerse myself in a dynamic and collaborative environment. The
internship was a transformative experience where I acquired essential technical skills in Python,
Scikit-learn, Pandas, Jupyter, and other AI-related technologies. I actively contributed to the
development of machine learning models, gaining hands-on experience in regression,
classification, and clustering techniques. Engaging with real-world datasets allowed me to apply
theoretical knowledge to practical problem-solving scenarios. The collaborative nature of the work
fostered my skills in teamwork, communication, and the use of tools like Git and Slack.
Additionally, I honed my ability to create impactful data visualizations using Matplotlib and
Seaborn. Overall, this internship has not only enhanced my technical proficiency but also instilled
in me a deep appreciation for the practical applications of data science in solving complex
challenges.

5.2 Technical Outcomes

The internship at Technofly Solutions resulted in several notable technical achievements:

1. Successful Model Deployments:

Deployed refined machine learning models seamlessly into the production environment,
automating specific tasks and improving overall system efficiency.
2. Enhanced Model Performance:
Achieved significant improvements in accuracy, precision, and recall metrics through
rigorous hyperparameter tuning and optimization, showcasing the efficacy of the developed
machine learning solutions.
3. Innovative Feature Engineering:
Implemented novel feature engineering techniques, enriching input data and contributing to
the robustness and representativeness of feature sets across various machine learning
applications.

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4. Cross-Functional Collaboration and Integration:

Collaborated effectively with software developers and domain experts to align machine
learning solutions with business objectives, ensuring seamless integration and relevance
within the broader organizational context.
5. Documentation and Best Practices:
Created comprehensive documentation for models, algorithms, and processes, while
optimizing existing codebases for efficiency and adherence to best practices, enhancing the
maintainability and scalability of the deployed machine learning solutions.

5.3 Non-Technical Outcomes

The internship at Inventeron Technologies yielded significant non-technical outcomes:

5.3.1 Communication Skills

Developed the ability to communicate complex technical concepts to both technical and
nontechnical stakeholders through regular presentations, enhancing effective knowledge transfer
and decision-making.
5.3.2 Adapatability Skills
Navigated real-world challenges, enhancing adaptability and problem-solving skills by working
on diverse projects with varying complexities and requirements.
5.3.3 Work Ethics
Demonstrated strong work ethics by consistently meeting project deadlines, exhibiting a proactive
attitude towards responsibilities, and maintaining a high standard of professionalism in both
individual and collaborative settings. Embraced a results-driven approach while adhering to
company policies, contributing to a positive and productive work environment.
5.3.4 Responsibility
Assumed a high level of responsibility by taking ownership of assigned tasks, ensuring timely
completion, and demonstrating reliability in delivering quality work. Proactively sought additional
responsibilities, showcasing a commitment to contributing beyond outlined duties for the overall
success of the team and company.

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5.3.5 Social Connect Skills

Established strong social connect skills by fostering positive relationships with team members and
collaborators, contributing to a cohesive and collaborative work environment. Demonstrated
effective communication and interpersonal skills, actively engaging in team discussions, and
promoting a supportive atmosphere for knowledge sharing and idea exchange.

5.4 Methodology:

YOLOv5 is the object detection network of the YOLO series, which is famous for being
fast, lightweight and accurate. The structure of YOLOv5 consists of 4 modules are input,
backbone, neck, and prediction. Compared with YOLOv4, YOLOv5 adds mosaic data
enhancement and adaptive anchor frame calculation, using Leaky ReLU and Sigmoid activation
functions, etc. YOLOv5 has n, s, m, l and x versions. We chose YOLOv5n, which has both speed
and accuracy, as the baseline for improvement after experimental comparison, and we call the
improved model LightYOLOv5, whose structure is shown in Figure 1

In recent years, Vision Transformer[14-15] has achieved great success in a range of

computer vision tasks, boasting performance that exceeds that of CNNs in major domains.
However, these performances usually come at the cost of increased computational complexity, the
number of parameters. These algorithms often require expensive GPU computing power to use
and are also difficult to deploy on mobile devices. Separable Vision Transformer[16] solves this
challenge by maintaining accuracy while balancing computational cost. In this paper, the last layer
of the backbone network is replaced with SepViT Block, which enhances the feature extraction
capability of the model and optimizes the relationship of the global information of the network. In
SepViT Block, the depthwise self-attention and pointwise self-attention to reduce computation and
enable local information communication and global information interaction in windows. First,
each window of the divided feature map is considered as one of its input channels, and each
window contains its own information, and then a depthwise selfattention(DWA) is performed on
each window token and its pixel tokens. The operation of DWA is as follows:

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Fig 5.1 Methodology work flow

Fig 5.2 Fire identification (1)

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Fig 5.2 Fire Detection (2)

In this paper, precision(P), recall(R), average precision(AP), mean average precision(mAP),

parameters, computation, inference time, and FPS are used as evaluation metrics for model
performance. where AP is the area under the PR curve and mAP denotes the average of AP for
each category. The specific formula is as follows:

TP (True Positives) means that the sample is divided into positive samples, and is divided correctly.
FP (False Positives) means that the sample is divided into positive samples, and it is divided into
the incorrectly samples. FN (False Negatives) means that the sample is divided into negative
samples, and it is divided into the incorrectly samples.

Once OpenCV is installed, the OPENCV_BUILD\install directory will be populated with three
types of files:

▪ Header files: These are located in the OPENCV_BUILD\install\includesubdirectory and

are used to develop new projects with OpenCV.

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▪ Library binaries: These are static or dynamic libraries (depending on the option selected
with CMake) with the functionality of each of the OpenCV modules. They are located in
the bin subdirectory (for example, x64\mingw\bin when the GNU compiler is used).
▪ Sample binaries: These are executables with examples that use the libraries. The sources
for these samples can be found in the source package.

General description

▪ Open source computer vision library in C/C++.

▪ Optimized and intended for real-time applications.

▪ OS/hardware/window-manager independent.

▪ Generic image/video loading, saving, and acquisition.

▪ Both low and high level API.

Features

▪ Image data manipulation (allocation, release, copying, setting, conversion).

▪ Image and video I/O (file and camera based input, image/video file output).

▪ Matrix and vector manipulation and linear algebra routines (products, solvers,, SVD).

▪ Various dynamic data structures (lists, queues, sets, trees, graphs).

▪ Basic image processing (filtering, edge detection, corner detection, sampling and
interpolation, color conversion, morphological operations, histograms, image pyramids).

▪ Structural analysis (connected components, contour processing, distance transform,

various moments, template matching, Hough transform, polygonal approximation, line
fitting, ellipse fitting, Delaunay triangulation).

▪ Camera calibration (finding and tracking calibration patterns, calibration, fundamental

matrix estimation, homography estimation, stereo correspondence).

▪ Motion analysis (optical flow, motion segmentation, tracking).

▪ Object recognition (eigen-methods, HMM).

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CONCLUSION
Overall, internship is really a good program and recommended to my fellow friends. It helped me
to enhance and develop my skills, abilities, and knowledge. It was a good experience with many
memories not only I have gained experience, but also new friends and knowledge. ICSoln is a
good place to do the internship since it provides numerous benefits and advantages to the practical
trainees. The treatment by the company was just, equitable and professional. I have learned from
different units and people. I am grateful and thankful to my trainer for the experiences and tutoring.
They also helped me to handle some of my weaknesses and provided guidance to me whenever I
was in need. I think the one-month duration for the internship was not enough for me to learn more
in details about the jobs. I am encouraging the students of Engineering to grab the opportunity to
do internship as it will help us to identify our strength, abilities, and weaknesses and more.

REFERENCES
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[1] http://technofly.in/
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)
[4] https://www.javatpoint.com/machine-learning-algorithms
[5] https://in.linkedin.com/company/technofly-solutions
[6] http://www.w3schools.com/php/

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