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Paraphrasing-techniques-and-examples-

Paraphrasing involves rephrasing a sentence without altering its original meaning, utilizing various techniques such as finding synonyms, changing parts of speech, altering grammatical structures, and rearranging information. Recommendations for effective paraphrasing include understanding the sentence, isolating the main message, and ensuring that the meaning remains unchanged while maintaining the relationships among clauses. Examples illustrate how to apply these techniques to achieve clear and accurate paraphrases.

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29 views

Paraphrasing-techniques-and-examples-

Paraphrasing involves rephrasing a sentence without altering its original meaning, utilizing various techniques such as finding synonyms, changing parts of speech, altering grammatical structures, and rearranging information. Recommendations for effective paraphrasing include understanding the sentence, isolating the main message, and ensuring that the meaning remains unchanged while maintaining the relationships among clauses. Examples illustrate how to apply these techniques to achieve clear and accurate paraphrases.

Uploaded by

khaoulaelharbili321
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Paraphrasing

1. Definition :

Changing a sentence into another without changing its original meaning.

2. Paraphrasing techniques :

Technique 1 : Find equivalents for words in the sentence


Example 1: The diagram below shows the process by which bricks are maufactured in the
building industry.
The diagram below illustrates how bricks are made in the construction industry.
Technique 2 : Change the part of speech of the words in the sentence (change nouns to
verbs , verbs to nouns, or adjectives to nouns.
Example 2 : The line graph below shows relative price changes for fruits and vegetables
between 1979 and 2009.
 The line graph below shows how the relative prices for fruits and
vegetables changed between 1979 and 2009.
Technique 3 : change the grammar structures by, for example, changing the
sentence from the active voice to the passive voice, or by changing a phrase into a
clause.

Example 3 : They built this arts center over a 14 year period.


 This arts center was built over a 14 year period.
Having known him for so long, I never suspected him to be the kidnapper.
 I never suspected him to be the kidnapper because I had known him for so
long.
Tecnique 4 : change the order of information
Example 4 : They are planning to hold a conference at the Plaza hotel next March.
Next March, a conference is being held at the Plaza hotel.
___________________________________________________________________________

Other examples and techniques/recommendations :


Having failed to secure a definitive result from the hundreds of experiments he had
conducted, Professor Talbot finally had to resign himself to the fact that his
original hypothesis must have been flawed and that he would thus need to begin
his investigation from scratch.

Independent clause : Professor Talbot finally had to resign himself to the fact(s) that
: Fact 1 : His original hypothesis must have been flawed
Fact 2 : (Based on fact 1) He would thus need to begin his investigation from scratch
Finally had to (when) : Having failed to secure a definitive results from the hundreds
of experiments he had conducted

Paraphrase 1 :

Independent clause : Professor Talbot ultimately had no choice but to admit (


some fact(s))
Admission 1 : His initial assumption was surely mistaken
Admission 2 : he therefore had to redo his research from the beginning
Finally had to (when) : After hundreds of tests were unable to bring him to a
sure conclusion

 After hundreds of tests were unable to bring him to a sure conclusion, Professor
Talbot ultimately had no choice but to admit that his initial assumption was
surely mistaken and he therefore had to redo his research from the beginning.

Paraphrase 2 (Stronger):
Professor Talbot, whose hundreds of experiments did not lead to any
sure conclusion, had to concede at last that his starting hypothesis
was faulty and would require rethinking.
Recommendations for paraphrasing
1. Understand the sentence
2. Identify the independent clause and isolate the
sentence’s main message. Start by paraphrasing the
key idea(s)
3. Change not only the words into their synonyms, but
change also the part of speech of the words ( nouns,
verbs, adjectives, adverbs).
4. Change the grammatical structures, but make sure
the order of the events remains the same (the
chronology/sequence of events)
5. Make sure the relationships among clauses and
sentences is maintained
6. Do not change the meaning of the sentence
7. Remain neutral (no personal bias)
8. Do a complete paraphrase
9. Use a mixture of techniques
10.Reorder, restructure the sentence as a whole

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