Python Programming Lab Manual 108
Vidya Vihar Institute of Technology
(BIADA Industrial Growth Centre ,Maranga, NH 31 Purnea , Bihar, India – 854301 )
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
6th SEMESTER
LAB MANUAL
SUBJECT CODE: 108
SESSION: 2019 – 2020
Prepared By:
Sanjay Kumar
(Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering)
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
Exp. No Title
1 Write a program to demonstrate basic data type in python.
Write a program to compute distance between two points taking input from the user Write a
2
program add.py that takes 2 numbers as command line arguments and prints its sum.
Write a Program for checking whether the given number is an even number or not.
3
Using a for loop.
Write a Program to demonstrate list and tuple in python. Write a program using a for loop that
4 loops over a sequence. Write a program using a while loop that asks the user for a number, and
prints a countdown from that number to zero.
Find the sum of all the primes below two million. By considering the terms in the Fibonacci
5 sequence whose values do not exceed four million, WAP to find the sum of the even-valued
terms.
Write a program to count the numbers of characters in the string and store them in a dictionary
6 data structure Write a program to use split and join methods in the string and trace a birthday
of a person with a dictionary data structure.
Write a program to count frequency of characters in a given file. Can you use character
frequency to tell whether the given file is a Python program file, C program file or a text file?
7
Write a program to count frequency of characters in a given file. Can you use character
frequency to tell whether the given file is a Python program file, C program file or a text file?
8 Write a program to count frequency of characters in a given file.
9 Write function to compute gcd, lcm of two numbers.
Write a program to implement Merge sort. Write a program to implement Selection sort,
10
Insertion sort .
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
Program 1:-Write a program to demonstrate basic data type in python.
# Python program to
# demonstrate numeric value
a =5
print("Type of a: ", type(a))
b =5.0print("\nType of b: ", type(b))
c =2+4j
print("\nType of c: ", type(c)) Output:
Type of a: <class 'int'>
Type of b: <class 'float'>
Type of c: <class 'complex'>
Program2:- a program to compute distance between two points taking input from the user Write a
program add.py that takes 2 numbers as command line arguments and prints its sum.
Solution:-
Distance can be calculated using the two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the distance
d between these points is given by the formula:
for e.g : let x1 , y1=10,9 and x2 , y2=4,1 then (x2-x1)2=(10-4)2 = 62 = 36 and (y2-y1)2= (91)2
= 82 = 64 now 64 + 36 =100 and 100 is square root of 10 sp distance between
(10,9) and (4,1) is 10
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
Code:-
x1=int(input("enter x1 : "))x2=int(input("enter x2 :
"))y1=int(input("enter y1 : "))y2=int(input("enter y2 :
"))result= ((((x2 - x1 )**2) + ((y2-
y1)**2) )**0.5)print("distance between",(x1,x2),"and",
(y1,y2),"is : ",result)
Program-3 Write a Program for checking whether the given number is an even number or not.
Using a for loop.
Solution:
# Python program to check if the input number is odd or even.
# A number is even if division by 2 gives a remainder of 0.
# If the remainder is 1, it is an odd number.
num = int(input("Enter a number: ")) if
(num % 2) == 0:
print("{0} is Even".format(num)) else:
print("{0} is Odd".format(num))
Program 4:-Write a Program to demonstrate list and tuple in python. Write a program using a for loop
that loops over a sequence. Write a program using a while loop that asks the user for a number, and
prints a countdown from that number to zero.
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
Solution:-
# Python program to create a list of tuples
# from given list having number and
# its cube in each tuple
# creating a list list1
=[1, 2, 5, 6]
# using list comprehension to iterate each #
values in list and create a tuple as specified
res =[(val, pow(val, 3)) forval inlist1]
# print the result
print(res) Output:
[(1, 1), (2, 8), (5, 125), (6, 216)]
Write a program using a while loop that asks the user for a number, and prints a countdown from that
number to zero.
n=int(input("Enter n value:"))
for i in range(n,-1,-1):
print(i)
Program 5:-Find the sum of all the primes below two million. By considering the terms in the Fibonacci
sequence whose values do not exceed four million, WAP to find the sum of the even-valued terms.
primes_below_number = 2000000 # number to find summation of all primes below number
numbers = (range(1, primes_below_number + 1, 2)) # creates a list excluding even numbers pos = 0 #
index position sum_of_primes = 0 # total sum number = numbers[pos] while number <
primes_below_number and pos < len(numbers) - 1:
pos += 1 number = numbers[pos] # moves to next prime in
list numbers sum_of_primes += number # adds prime to total
sum num = number while num < primes_below_number:
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
num += number
if num in numbers[:]:
numbers.remove(num) # removes multiples of prime found
print sum_of_primes + 2
Program 6:-Write a program to count the numbers of characters in the string and store them in a
dictionary data structure Write a program to use split and join methods in the string and trace a
birthday of a person with a dictionary data structure
Code:-
str=input("enter string :
")f = {} for i in str:
if i in f: f[i] += 1
else: f[i] = 1
print(f)
Write a program to use split and join methods in the string and trace a birthday of a person with a
dictionary data structure
split Str.split() join
Str1.join(str2)
Algorithm
Step 1: Input a string.
Step 2: here we use split method for splitting and for joining use
join function. Step 3: display output.
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
Example code
#split of string str1=input("Enter first String
with space :: ")print(str1.split())#splits at
space
str2=input("Enter second String with (,) ::
")print(str2.split(','))#splits at ','
str3=input("Enter third String with (:) ::
")print(str3.split(':'))#splits at ':'
str4=input("Enter fourth String with (;) ::
")print(str4.split(';'))#splits at ';'
str5=input("Enter fifth String without space ::
")
print([str5[i:i+2]for i in range(0,len(str5),2)])#splits at
position 2
Output
Enter first String with space :: python program
['python', 'program']
Enter second String with (,) :: python, program
['python', 'program']
Enter third String with (:) :: python: program
['python', 'program']
Enter fourth String with (;) :: python; program
['python', 'program']
Enter fifth String without space :: python program
['py', 'th', 'on', 'pr', 'og', 'ra', 'm']
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
Example Code
#string joining str1=input("Enter
first String :: ") str2=input("Enter
second String :: ")
str=str2.join(str1)#each character of str1 is concatenated to the
#front of str2print(“AFTER JOINING OF TWO STRING ::>”,str)
Output
Enter first String :: AAA
Enter second String :: BBB
AFTER JOINING OF TWO STRING ::>ABBBABBBA
Program7:-
Write a program to count frequency of characters in a given file. Can you use character frequency to
tell whether the given file is a Python program file, C program file or a text file? Write a program to
count frequency of characters in a given file. Can you use character frequency to tell whether the
given file is a Python program file, C program file or a text file?
str=input("enter string :
")f = {} for i in str:
if i in f: f[i] += 1
else: f[i] = 1
print(f)
? Write a program to count frequency of characters in a given file.
Here is source code of the Python Program to count the occurrences of a letter in a text file.
The program output is also shown below.
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
fname = input("Enter file name: ")
l=input("Enter letter to be searched:")
k = 0
with open(fname, 'r') as f:
for line in f:
words = line.split()
for i in words:
for letter in i:
if(letter==l):
k=k+1
print("Occurrences of the letter:")
print(k)
Program Explanation
1. User must enter a file name and the letter to be searched.
2. The file is opened using the open() function in the read mode.
3. A for loop is used to read through each line in the file.
4. Each line is split into a list of words using split().
5. A for loop is used to traverse through the words list and another for loop is used to
traverse through the letters in the word.
6. If the letter provided by the user and the letter encountered over iteration are equal, the
letter count is incremented.
7. The final count of occurrences of the letter is printed.
Program 8 :-Write a program to print each line of a file in reverse order. Write a program to compute
the number of characters, words and lines in a file.
Given a text file. The task is to reverse as well as stores the content from an input file to
an output file.
This reversing can be performed in two types.
• Full reversing: In this type of reversing all the content get reversed.
• Word to word reversing: In this kind of reversing the last word comes first and
the first word goes to the last position.
• ext file:
• filter_none
• brightness_4
# Open the file in write mode f1
=open("output1.txt", "w")
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
# Open the input file and get # the
content into a variable data with
open("file.txt", "r") as myfile:
data =myfile.read()
# For Full Reversing we will store the #
value of data into new variable data_1 # in a
reverse order using [start: end: step],
# where step when passed -1 will reverse
# the string data_1
=data[::-1]
# Now we will write the fully reverse
# data in the output1 file using
# following command f1.write(data_1)
f1.close()
• Output:
Write a program to compute the number of characters, words and lines in a file.
importsys
fname =sys.argv[1]
lines =0 words =0
letters =0
for line inopen(fname):
lines +=1
letters +=len(line)
pos ='out'forletter in line:
if letter !=' 'and pos =='out':
words +=1
pos ='in'elif letter ==' ':
pos ='out'
print("Lines:",
lines)print("Words:",
words)
print("Letters:", letters)
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
Program 9:-Write function to compute gcd, lcm of two numbers.
Python program to find LCM of two numbers
# Python 3 program to find
# LCM of 2 numbers without
# using GCD
importsys
# Function to return
# LCM of two numbers
deffindLCM(a, b):
lar =max(a, b) small
=min(a, b) i =lar
while(1) : if(i
%small ==0):
returni
i +=lar
# Driver Code
a =5b =7
print("LCM of ", a , " and ",
b , " is ", findLCM(a, b),
sep ="")
LCM of 15 and 20 is 60
Recursive function to return gcd of a and b
defgcd(a,b):
# Everything divides 0
if(a ==0): returnb
if(b ==0): returna
# base case
if(a ==b):
returna
# a is greater
if(a > b):
returngcd(a-b, b)
returngcd(a, b-a)
# Driver program to test above function
a =98b =56if(gcd(a, b)): print('GCD of', a,
'and', b, 'is', gcd(a, b)) else: print('not
found')
Output:
GCD of 98 and 56 is 14
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
Program 10 :-Write a program to implement Merge sort. Write a program to implement Selection sort,
Insertion sort
Python program for implementation of MergeSort
# Merges two subarrays of arr[].
# First subarray is arr[l..m] #
Second subarray is arr[m+1..r]
defmerge(arr, l, m, r):
n1 =m -l +1 n2
=r-m
# create temp arrays
L =[0] *(n1)
R =[0] *(n2)
# Copy data to temp arrays L[] and R[]
fori inrange(0, n1):
L[i] =arr[l +i]
forj inrange(0, n2):
R[j] =arr[m +1+j]
# Merge the temp arrays back into arr[l..r]
i =0# Initial index of first subarray j =0#
Initial index of second subarray k =l #
Initial index of merged subarray
whilei < n1 andj < n2 :
ifL[i] <=R[j]:
arr[k] =L[i] i
+=1 else:
arr[k] =R[j]
j +=1 k +=1
# Copy the remaining elements of L[], if there
# are any
whilei < n1:
arr[k] =L[i]
i +=1 k +=1
# Copy the remaining elements of R[], if there
# are any
whilej < n2:
arr[k] =R[j] j +=1
k +=1
# l is for left index and r is right index of the
# sub-array of arr to be sorted
defmergeSort(arr,l,r): ifl
< r:
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
# Same as (l+r)//2, but avoids overflow for
# large l and h
m =(l+(r-1))//2
# Sort first and second halves
mergeSort(arr, l, m)
mergeSort(arr, m+1, r) merge(arr,
l, m, r)
# Driver code to test above
arr =[12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7]
n =len(arr) print("Given
array is") fori inrange(n):
print("%d"%arr[i]),
mergeSort(arr,0,n-1) print("\
n\nSorted array is") fori
inrange(n):
print("%d"%arr[i]),
Output:
Given array is 12 11 13 5 6 7
Sorted array is 5 6 7 11 12 13
# Python program for implementation of Selection
# Sort
importsys
A =[64, 25, 12, 22, 11]
# Traverse through all array elements fori
inrange(len(A)):
# Find the minimum element in remaining
# unsorted array min_idx
=i forj inrange(i+1,
len(A)): ifA[min_idx] >
A[j]: min_idx =j
# Swap the found minimum element with
# the first element
A[i], A[min_idx] =A[min_idx], A[i]
# Driver code to test above
print("Sorted array") fori
inrange(len(A)):
print("%d"%A[i]),
Python Programming Lab Manual 108
# Python program for implementation of Insertion Sort
# Function to do insertion sort
definsertionSort(arr):
# Traverse through 1 to len(arr)
fori inrange(1, len(arr)):
key =arr[i]
# Move elements of arr[0..i-1], that are
# greater than key, to one position ahead
# of their current position j =i-1
whilej >=0andkey < arr[j] : arr[j
+1] =arr[j] j -=1 arr[j
+1] =key
# Driver code to test above
arr =[12, 11, 13, 5, 6]
insertionSort(arr) fori
inrange(len(arr)):
print("% d"%arr[i])
Output:
5 6 11 12 13
