Thermodynamics and

Stat Mech Test

in
dd
Sk Jahiruddin
December 2, 2017
ru
hi

1 Instructions
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1. This a two Hour Test

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2. Attempt all Qs
3. This test is basically not to test you,
rather to teach you so many things
you don’t know.
4. Questions are tough. Don’t be frus-
trated. Try as much as you can.

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

2 3.5 marks Qs
1. What will be the increase in boiling
point of water at 1000 C when pres-
sure is increased by 1 atm? (Vol of
1gm steam is 1677 cc)

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(a) 100 C (b) 180 C (c) 280 C (d)
320 C
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2. If the molecular diameter of H2 is 1.9×
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10−8 cm. Calculate the number of col-
lissions by a Hydrogen molecule in 1
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sec at T = 300 K and P = 1 atm

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3. Two finite identical solid bodies of const

total heat capacity C, are used as heat
sources to drive heat engine. Their
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initial temp T1 and T2 . Find the max-

imum work obtainable from the sys-
tem.
 
aP
4. G = RT ln for a system.
(RT )5/2
Find Cp

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

5. A gas of N identical classical non in-

teracting particles is held in a poten-
tial V (r) = ar is in equilibrium at
temp T. What will be the entropy of
the system?

6. A solid contains N magnetic atoms

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of spin 1/2 which are randomly ori-
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ented at sufficiently high temp. At
sufficiently low temp all the spins be-
come oriented along the same direc-
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tion . Let’s approximate the heat ca-
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pacity as a function of temp T by

 
2T
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C(T ) = C1 − 1 if T1 /2 < T <

T1
T1
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C(T ) = 0 Otherwise
Find the maximum value of C1 using
entropy consideration.

7. Find the pressure, entropy and spe-

cific heat of an ideal gas in extreme
relativistic limit ( = pc) in terms of
V, T, N .

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

8. Consider gas molecules in a container

under gravitational potential (mgz).
Calculate Cv (T ) abd its limits as T →
0 and T → ∞

9. There is a 1D lattice with lattice const

a. An atom transit from a site to

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nearest neighbour site every τ seconds.
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Probabilities of transiting to the right
and left are p and 1 − p.
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(a) Calculate average position of x̄ of
the atom at time N τ = t.
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(b) Calculate (x − x̄)2 at time t.

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10. A two level system N = n1 +n2 parti-

cles having energies E1 and E2 in con-
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tact with heat reservoir at temp T. If

a single quantum emission occurs i.e
n2 → n2 − 1 and n1 → n1 + 1. Calcu-
late
(a) Entropy change of the system.
(b) Entropy change of the reservoir.
(c) From (a) and (b) get Boltzman

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

relation of ratio n2 /n1

11. Calculate Fermi energy at T = 0 for

One Dimensional collection of N elec-
trons confined in a length L.

12. Starting from 1 − D Ising model par-

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tition function

Z = (2 cosh(βJ))N
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Calculate the entropy and specific heat
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of the system. How the plot of en-

tropy and specific heat with respect
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to Temperature will look like?

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3 5 marks Qs
1. Two identical monoatomic perfect gases
with same pressure and same number
of molecules N are kept in two bulbs
of volume V1 and V2 with tempera-
ture T1 and T2 . If the bulbs are now

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

connected and gases are mixed show

that the change in entropy after equi-
librium is reached is
 
T1 + T2
∆S = 5N k ln √ + 2nk ln 2
2T1 T2
2. Electric current 10 Amp maintained

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for 1 sec in Resistance of 25 Ohm.
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The resistor is thermally insulated -
whose initial temp is 270 C. Resistor
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has mass 10 Kg and specific heat 0.84
Joule/Kelvin. What will be entropy
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change of the system?

(a) 5.8 J/K (b) 8.6 J/K
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(c) 9.2 J/K (d) 10.4 J/K

3. If equation of state of a system is S =

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1
A[N V U ] 3 , then find T, P, Cv , H, F,
G as a function of (U,V,N)

4. A gas has following equations of state

1/3
U2

P = U/V ; T = 3B
NV

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

The gas from initial pressure and tem-

perature (Ti , Pi ) passed through a porous
plug. Calculate final temperature in
terms of final pressure.

5. Calculate efficiency of the engine

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hi
Ja
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6. Consider Universe as blackbody spec-

trum of current temperature TC M B =
2.713 K. If Universe is expanding at
const rate - length varies as L(t) =

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

H0 t, find out how TCM B varies with

length of the Universe, i.e L(t). How
your ans would have changed if uni-
verse had d dimension instead of three.

7. How chemical potential and fugacity

(z = exp{βµ}) varies with tempera-

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ture in Bose, Fermi and Classical ideal
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gas. Plot the graphs with clearly spec-
ifying limits as T → 0 and T → ∞
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8. A crystal has N lattice points and same
number of interstitial positions (places
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between the lattice points where atoms

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can reside ). Let E be the energy nec-

essary to remove an atom from a lat-
tice site to an interstitial position and
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let n be the number of atoms occupy-

ing interstitial sites in equilibrium.
(a) What is the internal energy of the
system?
(b) What will be entropy in limit n 
1
(c) In equilibrium at temp T, how

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

much such defects are there in the

solid? i,e what is n?

9. Suppose in a d dimensional universe

energy of blackbody radiation varies
with T α , specific heat of solid at very
low temp varies with T β . What will

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be the values of α and β ? What will
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be the value of Cp /Cv in this d dimen-
sional Universe?
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10. Suppose you have four particles ar-
ranged in four corner of a square. Each
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particle can have spin ±1. The Hamil-

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tonian of the system is

1P
H=− JSi Si+1 which means -
2
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1) Only the nearest neighbour inter-

act
2)If the two nearest neighbour have
same spin, it contributes −J energy
to the total energy of the system and
if they have opposite spin then they
contribute J energy to the total en-

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

ergy of the system.

Find the Partition function of the sys-
tem.

Ans : 2 (5 + exp(4Jβ) + exp(−4Jβ))

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(Eta ami bhebe bhebe baniyechi.... classer
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porata bujhe thakle abosoi para uchit..
na parle bujhte hobe bujhisni)
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11. Prove
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For an ideal gas in low density, i.e

λ1
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3/2
h2

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λ = exp(βµ) = n
2πmkT
12. Assume that the relation

H p+e

occurs in thermal equilibrium at T =

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Sk Jahiruddin Thermodynamics and Stat Mech

4000 K in very low densed non-degenerate

gas with overall charge neutrality.

(a) Write chemical potential of each

gas in terms of its number density -
[H], [p], [e] by using formula of just

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immediate previous problem.
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(b) Give the condition for thermal equi-
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librium and calculate the equilibrium
value of [e] as a function of [H] and [T]
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(c) Estimate the nucleon density for

which the gas is half-ionized at T =
4000 K
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