Lecturer: Ms.

Rose Ann Decena

Owner: John Lois V. Picana
IX - Charles
School Year: 2021-2022

W1D1 – THE CURRENT STATE OF ICT IN THE ● 67million are on Facebook;

PHILIPPINES ● 12 million on Twitter, and
● 4 million are LinkedIn users.
ICT ● Free Wi-Fi;
● Information Communication Technology ● National ID System;
● E-Government System;
● Department of Information and
Communications Technology (DICT);
● National Privacy Commission.

WEB PAGES
● Static; and Dynamic.

STATIC
● Most of the web pages are static
● Static in the sense that the page is “as is” (flat or
stationary page)

DYNAMIC
● Web 2.0 is a term coined by Darcy DiNucci on
INFORMATION January 1999.
● the users are able to see a website differently
● Processed Data
than others.
● Valuable to People
● Decisions and actions are based

COMMUNICATION
● Process of transferring information from one
computer or device to another
TECHNOLOGY
● Scientific knowledge to invent tools that assist
human beings
● Refer to things like the computer, telephone, cell FEATURES OF WEB PAGES
phone, TV, radio, etc. ● Folksonomy
o Allows users to categorize and classify
ICT IN THE PHILIPPINES
information using freely chosen words
● Philippines as the “ICT Hub of Asia”. (tagging).
● Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) centers o Twitter, Instagram and Facebook use tags
● Based on the data of International that starts with pound sign (#).
● Telecommunication Union, the country is more o This is also referred as hashtags
advanced in cellular phones. ● Rich User Experience
● 112.12 cellphones per 100 Filipinos in the year o the content is dynamic and is responsive to
2014. user’s input.
● The number of mobile subscribers in the o in social networking sites, when you logged
● Philippines is expected to reach 117 million by on, your account is used to modify what you
end-2016, according to a report by Business see in their website.
Monitor International (BMI). ● User Participation
● There are 83 million active social media users in o the owner of the website is not the only one
the Philippines. who is able to put content.
 o comments, reviews and evaluation or
participate in a poll
● Long Tail Services
o services that are offered on demand rather
than a one-time purchase.
o time-based purchases rather than file
size-based

ONLINE SYSTEMS AND PLATFORMS

● A web-based system that offers services;
● it is dynamic and easy-to-use;
● allows customers convenience and
transparency.

TRENDS IN ICT
TIPS TO STAY SAFE ONLINE
● Convergence
● Be mindful of what you share online and what
o Technological advancement to work on a
site you share to it.
similar goal
● Do not just accept terms and condition; read it.
● Social Media
● Know the security features of social networking
o An application or online channel that
sites you use.
enables web users to create, discuss, modify
● Do not share your password with anyone.
and exchange user-generated content.
● Avoid logging in to public networks.
● Mobile Technologies
● Do not talk to strangers whether online or
o Smartphones and tablets
face-to-face.
● Assistive Media
● Never post anything about future vacation.
o Designed to help people who have visual
● Do not reply or click links from suspicious
and reading impairments.
emails.
● Avoid visiting untrusted websites

W1D2 – RULES OF NETIQUETTE THINGS TO REMEMBER

ONLINE SAFETY AND SECURITY ● There is no such thing as private over the
internet.
● Exposed to many things powered by the internet ● You have no control of whoever is looking at
● Socializing, playing games, reading, shopping, your profile.
etc. ● “better be safe than sorry”
● Internet is a powerful tool.
● “other side of the coin” INTERNET THREATS
● The internet is one of the most dangerous
● Malware
places.
o Virus- a malicious program designed to
replicate itself and transfer from one
computer to another.
o Worm- a malicious program that transfers
from one computer to another by any types
of means.
 o Trojan- a malicious program that is disguised o Having to do with the safe, environmentally
as a useful program but once downloaded friendly and economical conversion, storage
or installed, leaves your PC unprotected and and use of energy.
allows hackers get your information. ● Communication
o Spyware- a program that runs in the o The ways of sending information to people
background without you knowing it. by using technology.
o Adware- a program designed to send you ● Transportation
advertisements, mostly as pop-ups. o The movement of people and goods from
● Spam one location to another.
o unwanted email mostly from bots or ● Medical
advertisers. o The application of organized knowledge and
● Phishing skills in the form of devices, medicines,
o its goal is to acquire sensitive personal vaccines, procedures and systems
information like passwords and credit card developed to solve a health problem and
details. improve quality of life.

EXAMPLE OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

W1D3 – EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES ● Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT)

o The use of computers to assist in the
TECHONOLOGY translation of one or more natural
● The word technology comes from Greek languages into another or others, and vice
(technología); from (téchnē), meaning "art, skill, versa.
craft", and (-logía), meaning "study of-". ● 3-D imaging and holography
● Methods of organization in order to solve a o Holography is a photographic technique that
problem or serve some purpose. uses light to project objects in a way that
appears three-dimensional.
EMERGING TECHONOLOGY ● Virtual Reality
● A term generally used to describe modern o The term used to describe a
technologies, and gadgets; three-dimensional, computer-generated
● It may also refer to continuing development of environment that can be explored and
an existing technology. interacted with by a person.

TELEGRAPH MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES

● Developed in the year 1835 by Samuel F.B.

Morse;
● Telephones;
● Cellular phones;
● Messaging Apps

AREAS OF TECHNOLOGY ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

● Manufacturing ● Advantages
o The use of machines, tools and labor to o Benefit
produce goods for use or sale. o Gain
● Agriculture and Biotechnology o Profit
o The use of living systems and organisms to o Technology today has made life better and
develop or make products, to make or quicker
modify products or processes for specific o A wealth of knowledge
use. o Ways for fast communication, the
● Industrial / Construction improvement of traveling, and good health
o The application of basic engineering care medical treatment.
principles and technical skills ● Disadvantages
● Power & Energy o An unfavorable condition or circumstance
o damage or loss
 o People that can't see themselves without OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM
the new tools of the 21st century.
● A base-8 number system and it uses digits from
o Highly developed machinery pollutes the
0-7.
globe.
HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM
● It is a base-16 number system that uses a
W2D1 – THE LANGUAGE OF COMPUTING combination of digits and letters.
LANGUAGE OF COMPUTER ● It uses digits 0-9 along with letters A-F that
represents the numbers from 10-15.
● Electronic devices rely on digital electronics;
● Functions are normally based on logic circuits;
● Computers communicate through the electric W2D2 – LOGIC GATES
pulses;
● Digital electronics is based on the binary system LOGIC GATES
(1’s and 0’s);
● It is the basic building block of digital hardware
● The language of computer is called machine
circuit.
language.
● A logic gate has one output terminal and has
UNITS OF DATA one or more input terminal.
● Its output will be HIGH (1) or LOW (0) depending
● Bit
on the digital levels at the input terminals.
o the very basis of machine language is binary
number system.
o That is why each 0 and 1 is called binary
digit or bit.
o It is the smallest unit of data in a computer.
o It can only store either 1 or 0.
● Byte
o Bits are typically collected into a group of
eight that forms a byte.
● Character
o Whereas a byte contains enough
information to store only a single character,
like “A”, a character is the smallest unit of
information for humans.

THE NUMBER SYSTEM

● is a collection of symbols used to express
quantities as the base for counting, determining
order, comparing amounts, computing and
representing values.

DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

● A base-10 number system and it is the most INVERTER
common number system that people use every ● Or NOT gate
day. ● It is the simplest among the seven gates.
● It uses digits from 0-9. ● It has one input terminal and one output
BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM terminal.
● The output of the NOT gate is the reverse of the
● A base-2 number system that uses digits only 0 input.
& 1. ● When the input of the NOT gate is TRUE then
● This is the number system that the computer the output will be FALSE and vice versa.
understands.
 ● If any one of the inputs of this gate is HIGH,
then the output of the EX-OR gate will be
HIGH.

OR GATE (A+B)
● It performs the Boolean algebra of addition.
● The output of the OR gate is TRUE only when
one or more inputs are TRUE.
● If all the inputs of the gate are FALSE, then only
NAND GATE (A*B)
the output of the OR gate is FALSE.
● It is a contradiction of NOT-AND and implies
AND function with a complemented output.
● If the input of the NAND gate high, then the
output of the gate will be LOW.

AND GATE (A*B)

● It performs the Boolean algebra of
multiplication.
● The output of this gate is TRUE only when all EX-OR GATE (A*B)
the inputs are TRUE. ● This gate is often described as magnets
● When one or more inputs of the AND gate are wherein like poles repel and unlike poles
FALSE, then only the output of the AND gate is attract.
FALSE. ● If any one of the inputs of this gate is HIGH,
then the output of the EX-OR gate will be
HIGH.

NOR GATE (A+B)

● The term NOR is a contradiction of NOT-OR EX-NOR GATE (A*B)
and implies an OR function with an inverted ● It has a complemented output of EX-OR’s
output. truth table.
● When any one of the inputs of the NOR gate is
TRUE, then the output of the poles attract.
 ● When both the inputs of this gate are HIGH,
then the output of the EX-NOR gate will be
HIGH.
● But, if any one of the inputs is HIGH (but not
both), then the output will be LOW.

W3D3 – BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION

BINARY TO HEXADECIMAL
● The procedure used to convert from binary to
hexadecimal is somewhat similar to
converting from binary to octal.
● The only difference is that we just break it into
groups of 4 binary digits (bits) starting from
the right.
● Add zeroes if incomplete groups are
W3D1 – BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION encountered.
BINARY TO DECIMAL ● you may write the 8-4-2-1 binary place values
in every group of bits.
● Normally, binary numbers can be converted ● Then, sum up the numbers with the binary 1
into decimal numbers using an expanded value.
notation in base 2.
● As given in the rules, always start with the
rightmost digit. Multiply each binary digit by
the powers of 2.
● After multiplying all the binary digits, add all
the products to get the final answer. The
decimal equivalence of 10112 is 1110.

W4D1 – DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION

DECIMAL TO BINARY
● To convert decimal numbers to binary, divide
the given decimal numbers successively by 2,
until the quotient is 0.
● At the same time write down the place
remainder values respectively.
● The remainders are considered its binary
W3D2 – BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION equivalent by reading them upward or starting
from the last remainder.
BINARY TO OCTAL
● To convert a binary number to octal, just
break it into groups of 3 binary digits (bits)
starting from the right.
● Add zeroes if incomplete grouping is
encountered.
● You may write the 4-2-1 binary place values in
every group of bits.
● Then, sum up the numbers with the binary 1
value. W4D2 – DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION
 DECIMAL TO OCTAL
● To convert decimal numbers to octal, divide
the given decimal numbers successively by 8.
● At the same time write down the remainder
values respectively.
● The division process will only stop when the
quotient reaches 0.
● Octal equivalent is equal to the remainders in
upward direction.
● To get the remainder, take the decimal value
W5D2 – DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION
and multiply it by 8.
OCTAL TO DECIMAL
● Octal digits can be converted into decimal
numbers using the expanded notation in
powers of 8.
● Make us of the given table below.
● Again, as given in the rules, always start with
the right-most digit.
W5D1 – DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION

DECIMAL TO HEXADECIMAL
● To convert decimal numbers to hexadecimal,
divide the given decimal numbers successively
by 16.
● At the same time write down the remainder
values respectively.
● The division process will only stop when the
quotient reaches 0
● Again, the hexadecimal equivalent is equal to
the remainders in upward direction.
● To get the remainder, take the decimal value
and multiply it by 16
● Next, take the quotient 1 and divide it again
by 16. Then, repeat the step on how to get the
remainder. W5D3 – DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION

OCTAL TO HEXADECIMAL
● First, convert the octal digits to binary digits.
● To do this, refer to the procedure on octal to
binary conversion.
● Then from binary digits, convert them to
hexadecimal.
W5D1 – OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM CONVERSION ● This time, refer to the binary to hexadecimal
conversion.
OCTAL TO BINARY
● Similar to the alternate method of the binary
to octal conversion, make use of the 4-2-1
method in each octal digit.
● Then put 1 on each code that will sum up the
particular digit.
 ● Similar to the octal to hexadecimal
conversion, convert first the hexadecimal
digits to binary digits.
● Then, from binary digits, convert now to octal.

W6D1 – HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

CONVERSION

HEXADECIMAL TO BINARY
● Similar to the alternate method of the binary W7D1 – ADDING BINARY NUMBERS
to hexadecimal conversion, instead of looking
at the table, make use of the 8-4-2-1 binary BINARY ADDITION
place values in each hexadecimal digit. ● You need to keep in mind the four possible
● Then put ‘1’ on each place value that will sum combinations in order to perform binary
up the particular digit. addition.
● Every time we add two 1’s in binary, we
generate a carry to the next column since the
binary system only has two digits.

W6D2 – HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

CONVERSION

HEXADECIMAL TO DECIMAL W7D2 – SUBTRACTING BINARY NUMBERS

● Hexadecimal numbers can be converted into BINARY SUBTRACTION

decimal numbers using the expanded notation ● Similar to binary addition, you can also
in powers of 16. encounter four possible combinations in the
● Again, as given in the rules, always start with subtraction process.
the right-most digit. ● The fourth rule, however, is different.

W6D3 – HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

CONVERSION

HEXADECIMAL TO OCTAL