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Class 18_Robotics and Automation.pptx

The document provides an overview of robotics and automation, highlighting the definition of robots, their objectives, and fields of application. It discusses different generations of robots, their current and future applications, and various types of automation, including fixed, programmable, and flexible automation. Additionally, it outlines the benefits and disadvantages of automation while mentioning areas where robotics may be challenging to implement.

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Pranay raj
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2 views

Class 18_Robotics and Automation.pptx

The document provides an overview of robotics and automation, highlighting the definition of robots, their objectives, and fields of application. It discusses different generations of robots, their current and future applications, and various types of automation, including fixed, programmable, and flexible automation. Additionally, it outlines the benefits and disadvantages of automation while mentioning areas where robotics may be challenging to implement.

Uploaded by

Pranay raj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Industry 4.

0
Robotics and Automation
Introducton to Robotics and Automation

● Robotics: The science of designing and building Robots that are suitable for real life
application both in automated manufacturing and other non-manufacturing
environments.

● Automation: Automation is the process of using technology to complete tasks in industries


or in another areas, primarily by using robots
What Is a Robot in Robotic Automation?

Robot:
1. Robots are mechanical devices that can automatically perform specific operation

2. This can be controlled by an external control devices or a built-in control device

3. The shape of robots is given depending upon its characterstics and purposes of the work

4. It can be used for monotonous, repetitive, tedious, and dangerous jobs that exist in
industrial sites

5. It is extensively used at places where human being cannot reach.


Basic Objectives for Designing Robots
● To increase productivity

● Reduce production life

● Minimize labor requirement

● Enhanced quality of the products

● Minimize loss of person, on account of accidents.

● Make reliable and high speed production.


Field of Application of Robots

Industrial
Non-Industrial
Material Handling- Kawasaki
(elliminates the requirements of Medical fields- Molly
hazardous, tedius labor)
Article writing-A.I writing robot
Mechanical Operations
Customer Service- Hilton’s Connie
Inspection Operations- ANATROLLER
ARI-100 Distribution Field- Stacker cranes

Assembly Operations- SCARA, delta


Soft Robotics

● Soft robotics is a subfield of robotics that concerns the design, control, and fabrication of
robots composed of compliant materials, instead of rigid links.

[3D printed model resembling an octopus ] [Soft-legged wheel-based robot with terrestrial locomotion abilities]

● In 2021, scientists demonstrated a bio-inspired self powered soft robot for deep sea operation
at marina trench
Robot of Different Generation

● First Generation Robot (a) Simple Mechanical Arm


(b) Have the ability to make precise motion
● Ex- Unimate

(a) Has rudimentary machine elements


(b) Equipped with sensor that tells things
about outside world
(c) Includes pressure sensor
● Second Generation Robot and vision system
● Ex- Cobot (d) Has controller that process data from
the sensors
Robot of Different Generation

● Third generation robot


● Ex- Ubibot

● Third generation robots are reprogrammable machines that can interact with their environment and operators in
complex ways.

● A cognitive robot is a robot that has human-like intelligence and can learn, reason, and behave in a complex
world
(a) Cognitive Robot
Ex- Kawasaki robots

● Fourth generation robot


Robot of Different Generation

● Fifth generation Robot

Robot with artificial intelligenece

Fifth generation robots are autonomous robots with artificial intelligence that are designed to
mimic humans and coexist with them in everyday life.
Present Application of Robots

● Material transfer applications


● Machine loading and unloading
● Processing operations like,
(a) Spot welding
(b) Continuous arc welding
(c) Spray coating
(d) Drilling, routing, machining operations
(e) Grinding, polishing debarring wire brushing
(g) Laser drilling and cutting etc.
● (iv) Assembly tasks, assembly cell designs, parts mating.
● (v) Inspection, automation.
Future Application of Robots

The profile of the future robot based on the research activities will include the following,
❑ (a) Intelligence
❑ (b )Mobility and navigation (walking machines)
❑ (d) Systems and integration and networking
❑ (e) FMS (Flexible Manufacturing Systems)
❑ (f) Underground coal mining
❑ (g) Fire fighting operations
❑ (h) Robots in space
❑ (i) Security guards
❑ (j) Garbage collection and waste disposal operations
❑ (k) Household robots
❑ (l) Medical care and hospital duties etc.
Automation and its Types

● Automation: Automating the tasks or processes by using robots.


● Fixed /Hard Automation: Automation in which sequence of processing or assembly
operations are fixed by the equipment configuration.

Features: High product rates, relatively not flexible in product design, Examples: Chemical
Manufacturing company

● Programmable Automation: Automation in which the equipment is designed to


accommodate various product configurations in order to change
the sequence of operations or assembly operations by means of control
program.

Features : High investments, lower production rates than fixed automation, flexibility and changes in
products rates Examples: Industrial robots, CNC Machine tools, PLC
Automation and Its Types

● Flexible Automation: A computer integrated manufacturing system which is an extension


of programmable automation is referred as flexible automation.

Features : High investment, Medium Production rates, Flexibility to deal with product design
variation, Continuous production of variable mixtures of products.

Examples: Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS)- Nike, Bicycle manufacturing


Automation Application Areas Using Robots

● Invoice Processing
● Sales and Customer Service
● Data Science Field
● Compliance
● Marketing
● Finance
● Manufacturing
● Distribution
● IT Tasks
Automation Example Using Robotics

Let us take a real company job as an example. Suppose you have an employee at a company, and
one of his jobs is to reflects the system of emails from essential customers immediately. In this
case, if robot automation is applied, the following commands can be designed:

1. Login to the corporate mail system


2. Read when a specic sender’s mail arrives
3. Download attached file when specific word or form comes
4. Text excerpt in the specified location of the attached file
5. Company system login
6. Enter and save the extracted text in the company system
7. Send SMS or email to the person in charge in case of unexpected error
8. Write completion record after completion of work
Benifits of Automation

Adavantages Disadavantages
● A Initial cost of raw material is
● High Production rates
very high,

● Lead time decreases ● Maintenance cost is high,

● Storing capacity decreases ● Required high skilled Labour.

● Human errors are eliminated.


● Indirect cost for research
● Labour cost is decreases. development & programming
increases.
Area That are Difficult to Apply Robotics

● Emotional Communication with Customer

● Sales and Marketing

● Human Resource Management


Questions

● Show various components of intelligent robots, and what are its advantages
and limitations in an industry 4.0?

● What is the importance of robotics and automation in Industry 4.0?

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