Meycauayan College Inc.

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
S.Y. 2024-2025, First Semester

Adaptive Teaching Guide

General Physics 1

Adaptive Teaching Guide No.: 6 Date: September 16 – September 20, 2024

Notes: September 17, 2024 – Class Suspension due to Habagat

MET #3 Lesson #2 (Name of the Lesson/topic) Motion in Two Dimensions

Prerequisite Content-knowledge: (prior knowledge)
The students should know the following prerequisite topics before proceeding with the
lesson:
1. Basic understanding of motion in one dimension (displacement, velocity, acceleration).
2. Familiarity with the concept of vectors, including direction and magnitude.
3. Understanding of trigonometric functions for solving right-angled triangles (sine, cosine,
tangent).
Prerequisite Skill: (prior knowledge)
The students should know the following prerequisite topics before proceeding with the
lesson:
1. Algebraic manipulation to solve equations involving velocity, displacement, and acceleration.
2. Vector decomposition and addition.
3. Basic skills in trigonometry for calculating vector components.
Prerequisites Assessment:
Instruction: Answer the following questions to the best of your ability. Each question is worth 1 point.
1. What type of quantity is velocity?
A. Scalar
B. Vector
C. Magnitude
D. Dimension
Answer: B
2. Which of the following best describes acceleration?
A. Change in velocity over time
B. Distance traveled in a unit time
C. Time taken to travel a specific distance
D. Constant speed in a straight line
Answer: A
3. The horizontal and vertical components of a vector are:
A. Dependent on each other
B. Independent of each other
C. Always equal
D. Irrelevant to motion in two dimensions
Answer: B
4. What is the trajectory of a projectile under ideal conditions (neglecting air resistance)?
A. Circular
B. Parabolic
C. Linear
D. Elliptical
Answer: B
5. In projectile motion, the vertical velocity at the highest point is:
A. Zero
B. Equal to the horizontal velocity
C. Maximum
D. Minimum but not zero
Answer: A
6. A projectile is launched at an angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal. What trigonometric function is used
to calculate the horizontal component of the velocity?
A. Sine
B. Cosine
C. Tangent
D. Secant
Answer: B
7. A projectile reaches its maximum height. At this point, the horizontal velocity is:
A. Zero
B. Maximum
C. Increasing
D. Constant
Answer: D
8. The horizontal range of a projectile depends on:
A. Only the horizontal velocity
B. The horizontal velocity and time of flight
C. Only the vertical velocity
D. The angle of launch only
Answer: B
9. Which of the following quantities is always constant for a projectile in motion (neglecting air resistance)?
A. Vertical velocity
B. Horizontal acceleration
C. Horizontal velocity
D. Vertical acceleration
Answer: C
10. A vector has a magnitude of 10 units and is inclined at an angle of 60° to the horizontal. What is the
horizontal component of the vector?
A. 10 units
B. 5 units
C. 8.66 units
D. 6.66 units
Answer: C
Pre-lesson Remediation Activity:

1. For Students with an Insufficient Level of Prerequisite Content-knowledge and/or Skill(s):

● Provide review materials on vector addition, trigonometry, and basic motion equations.
 ● Assign practice problems on vector decomposition and graphical representation of vectors.

● Use interactive simulations to visualize vector components and how they add together.

2. For Students with a Fairly Sufficient Level of Prerequisite Content-knowledge and/or Skill(s):
● Assign challenging exercises involving vector addition in two dimensions.

● Use problem-solving tasks based on real-world applications, such as analyzing the trajectory
of a thrown object or analyzing the motion of a projectile in sports.
Introduction: Must include the following parts:

a. Time frames a student is expected to finish learning the lesson.

● The lesson will take four 60-minute sessions to complete.
b. The knowledge (RUA) the student is expected to gain from learning the topic/lesson.
Remembering: Identify key terms and concepts such as displacement, velocity, acceleration, and vector
components in two-dimensional motion.
Understanding: Explain how two-dimensional motion can be broken down into horizontal and vertical
components and how projectiles behave under uniform acceleration.
Applying: Solve problems that involve the calculation of projectile motion, including range, time of flight,
and maximum height.
c. Context where the student is going to apply his/their learning (FAA/EFAA - Activity/Assessment)
● Students will apply their understanding of two-dimensional motion and projectile motion to solve
related problems analytically and graphically.
● Students will perform a hands-on activity involving launching a projectile at different angles and
measuring the range and time of flight.
d. Overview of the Lesson:
Lesson #1 - Motion Descriptors in Two Dimensions
Lesson #2 - Motion Descriptors in Three Dimensions
Lesson #3 - Projectiles Launched at an Angle
Student’s Experiential Learning: (Note: Use the Flexible Learning Activity Identified for the topic/lesson relative to the General
Enabling Teaching Strategy. The number of chunking topics will be dependent on the teacher’s plan.)

Chunk 1: Motion Descriptors in Two Dimensions and Three Dimensions

Activity:
● Students will conduct an experiment using a digital simulation to analyze how objects move in two
dimensions. They will measure displacement, velocity, and acceleration in both the horizontal and
vertical directions.
Formative question: How do the horizontal and vertical components of an object’s motion differ? What
influences the object’s motion in each dimension?
2D Motion Descriptors:
● Definition: Motion that occurs in a plane, typically represented with x and y coordinates.

● Key Quantities:
o Position (x, y): The location of an object in a 2D plane, specified by two coordinates.
o Displacement
: The change in position between two points, represented by a vector r=(x2x1,y2y1)\Delt
 Has both magnitude and direction in the 2D plane.
▪
o Distance: The total length of the path traveled, irrespective of direction.
o Velocity:
▪ Average velocity: vavg=ΔrΔt\mathbf{v}_{avg} = \frac{\Delta \mathbf{r}}{\Delta
t}vavg=ΔtΔr, a vector that points in the direction of displacement.
▪ Instantaneous velocity: v(t)=drdt\mathbf{v}(t) = \frac{d\mathbf{r}}{dt}v(t)=dtdr,
the velocity at a specific instant, calculated as the derivative of position with respect to
time.
▪ Each component of velocity is independent (x and y), and can be written as
v(t)=(vx(t),vy(t))\mathbf{v}(t) = (v_x(t), v_y(t))v(t)=(vx(t),vy(t)).
o Acceleration:
▪ Average acceleration: aavg=ΔvΔt\mathbf{a}_{avg} = \frac{\Delta \mathbf{v}}{\
Delta t}aavg=ΔtΔv.
▪ Instantaneous acceleration: a(t)=dvdt\mathbf{a}(t) = \frac{d\mathbf{v}}
{dt}a(t)=dtdv.
▪ Just like velocity, acceleration has components in both x and y directions:
a(t)=(ax(t),ay(t))\mathbf{a}(t) = (a_x(t), a_y(t))a(t)=(ax(t),ay(t)).
● Equations of Motion in 2D:
o The kinematic equations apply to each component of motion independently:
▪ vx=ux+axtv_x = u_x + a_x tvx=ux+axt

▪ vy=uy+aytv_y = u_y + a_y tvy=uy+ayt

▪ x=uxt+12axt2x = u_x t + \frac{1}{2} a_x t^2x=uxt+21axt2
▪y=uyt+12ayt2y = u_y t + \frac{1}{2} a_y t^2y=uyt+21ayt2
3D Motion Descriptors:
● Definition: Motion that occurs in space, represented by three coordinates (x, y, z).

● Key Quantities:
o Position (x, y, z): The location of an object in 3D space.
o Displacement
: The vector change in position, r=(x2x1,y2y1,z2z1)\Delta \mathbf{r} = (x_2 - x_1, y_2
o Distance: The total path length traveled, regardless of direction.
o Velocity:
▪ Average velocity: vavg=ΔrΔt\mathbf{v}_{avg} = \frac{\Delta \mathbf{r}}{\Delta
t}vavg=ΔtΔr.
▪ Instantaneous velocity: v(t)=drdt\mathbf{v}(t) = \frac{d\mathbf{r}}{dt}v(t)=dtdr,
the derivative of position with respect to time, expressed in three components:
v(t)=(vx(t),vy(t),vz(t))\mathbf{v}(t) = (v_x(t), v_y(t), v_z(t))v(t)=(vx(t),vy(t),vz(t)).
o Acceleration:
▪ Average acceleration: aavg=ΔvΔt\mathbf{a}_{avg} = \frac{\Delta \mathbf{v}}{\
Delta t}aavg=ΔtΔv.
▪ Instantaneous acceleration: a(t)=dvdt\mathbf{a}(t) = \frac{d\mathbf{v}}
{dt}a(t)=dtdv, with components a(t)=(ax(t),ay(t),az(t))\mathbf{a}(t) = (a_x(t), a_y(t),
 a_z(t))a(t)=(ax(t),ay(t),az(t)).
● Equations of Motion in 3D:
o The kinematic equations can be applied separately to each direction (x, y, z):
▪ vx=ux+axtv_x = u_x + a_x tvx=ux+axt

▪ vy=uy+aytv_y = u_y + a_y tvy=uy+ayt

▪ vz=uz+aztv_z = u_z + a_z tvz=uz+azt
▪ x=uxt+12axt2x = u_x t + \frac{1}{2} a_x t^2x=uxt+21axt2
▪ y=uyt+12ayt2y = u_y t + \frac{1}{2} a_y t^2y=uyt+21ayt2
▪ z=uzt+12azt2z = u_z t + \frac{1}{2} a_z t^2z=uzt+21azt2
Key Points on Motion in 2D and 3D:
● In both 2D and 3D motion, position, velocity, and acceleration are vectors, meaning they have both
magnitude and direction.
● Motion in each dimension (x, y, z) is treated independently, even though they combine to describe
the overall motion.
● 3D motion adds complexity, but the same principles from 2D motion apply to each direction
separately.

Chunk 2: Projectiles Launched at an Angle

Activity:
● Students will use graphing software to plot the trajectory of a projectile launched at various angles.
They will calculate the range, time of flight, and maximum height for each launch angle and compare
the results to their predictions.
Formative question: How does the launch angle affect the range, maximum height, and flight time of a
projectile? How can you use trigonometry to predict the motion?
Projectiles Launched at an Angle
When a projectile is launched at an angle, its motion can be broken down into two components: horizontal
and vertical. These components evolve independently, but together they define the overall trajectory, which
follows a parabolic path due to gravity.
Key Concepts:
● Initial Velocity (v0v_0v0): The velocity at which the projectile is launched.
o It can be broken into two components based on the launch angle θ\thetaθ:
▪ Horizontal Component: v0x=v0cos⁡(θ)v_{0x} = v_0 \cos(\theta)v0x=v0cos(θ)

▪ Vertical Component: v0y=v0sin⁡(θ)v_{0y} = v_0 \sin(\theta)v0y=v0sin(θ)

● Angle of Projection (θ\thetaθ): The angle at which the projectile is launched relative to the
horizontal axis.
● Acceleration:
o Horizontal direction: There is no horizontal acceleration (assuming no air resistance), so the
horizontal velocity remains constant.
o Vertical direction: The only acceleration is due to gravity ggg (approximately 9.8 m/s29.8 \,
m/s^29.8m/s2 downward).
Equations of Motion for a Projectile Launched at an Angle:
These equations describe the position, velocity, and other aspects of the projectile's motion:
 1. Horizontal Motion (constant velocity):
o Displacement in the x-direction: x=v0xt=(v0cos⁡(θ))tx = v_{0x} t = (v_0 \cos(\theta)) tx=v0x
t=(v0cos(θ))t
o Velocity in the x-direction: vx=v0x=v0cos⁡(θ)v_x = v_{0x} = v_0 \cos(\theta)vx=v0x=v0
cos(θ)
2. Vertical Motion (uniformly accelerated motion due to gravity):
o
Displacement in the y-direction: y=v0yt12gt2=(v0sin())t12gt2y = v_{0y} t - \frac{1}{2} g t^2 = (v_0 \

o
Velocity in the y-direction: vy=v0ygt=v0sin()gtv_y = v_{0y} - g t = v_0 \sin(\theta) - g tvy=v0ygt=v0s
3. Time of Flight (T):
o The total time the projectile spends in the air.
o Derived by setting the vertical displacement to zero (since the projectile returns to its original
height): T=2v0sin⁡(θ)gT = \frac{2 v_0 \sin(\theta)}{g}T=g2v0sin(θ)
o For projectiles launched from the ground, the total time depends only on the initial vertical
velocity and gravity.
4. Maximum Height (H):
o The highest point reached by the projectile.
o At the peak, the vertical velocity is zero (vy=0)(v_y = 0)(vy=0). H=(v0sin⁡(θ))22gH = \
frac{(v_0 \sin(\theta))^2}{2g}H=2g(v0sin(θ))2
o This depends on the vertical component of the initial velocity.
5. Range (R):
o The horizontal distance traveled by the projectile.
o Derived from the horizontal velocity and total time of flight: R=v02sin⁡(2θ)gR = \frac{v_0^2 \
sin(2\theta)}{g}R=gv02sin(2θ)
o This shows that the range is maximized when the projectile is launched at a 45° angle
(because sin⁡(2θ)\sin(2\theta)sin(2θ) is maximized at 90∘90^\circ90∘).
Key Points:
● Trajectory: The path followed by the projectile is parabolic due to the constant downward
acceleration caused by gravity.
● Independence of Motion: Horizontal and vertical motions are independent of each other. The
horizontal motion occurs at a constant velocity, while the vertical motion is influenced by gravity.
● Time Symmetry: The time to reach the maximum height is equal to the time to descend back to the
original launch height.
● Effect of Launch Angle:
o Launching at a low angle results in a shorter flight time and distance.
o Launching at a high angle results in a longer flight time but can decrease horizontal range if
the angle exceeds 45°.
Applications:
● Understanding projectiles launched at an angle is crucial for analyzing motions like throwing a ball,
shooting an arrow, or launching rockets.
● The principles are widely applied in sports, engineering, and physics problems involving trajectory
and motion.
Synthesis
● At the end of the lesson, students will summarize their understanding of two-dimensional motion,
including the decomposition of motion into horizontal and vertical components. They will reflect on
 how these principles apply to real-world scenarios such as sports, engineering, or space exploration.
They will create a short presentation explaining how projectiles behave and the importance of vector
analysis in understanding such motion.

RUA of a Student’s Learning: (Remembering, Understanding, Applying)

Remembering: Recall key concepts related to two-dimensional motion, including displacement, velocity,
acceleration, and vector components.
Understanding: Explain how vector decomposition helps in analyzing projectile motion and how uniform
acceleration affects vertical motion.
Applying: Solve projectile motion problems, including determining range, time of flight, and maximum
height based on launch angle and velocity

Post-lesson Remediation Activity: (Describe the activity and use a separate sheet to copy a full-blown activity.)
Projectile Motion Lab:
Students will design and perform a small-scale experiment where they launch a small object (e.g., a ball) at
different angles and measure the range, time of flight, and maximum height. They will compare their
experimental results with theoretical predictions and discuss any discrepancies. The lab will reinforce the
concepts of projectile motion, vector decomposition, and uniform acceleration.

Prepared by:

JULY O. MATURA
Instructor, (General Physics 1)
Date & Time Submitted: October 20, 2024 – 11:30 am

Checked by:

ROSE ANN C. BALUTE

Academic Coordinator, Senior High School

Recommending Approval:

NORMAN BANICO COMPAÑERO

Assistant Principal, High School

Approved by:

LUZVIMINDA P. BRITANICO
Principal, High School