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instrumentation Equation Sheet

The document provides key equations and methodologies for calculating total uncertainty, population and sample statistics, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and Chi-squared testing. It includes specific formulas for means, standard deviations, Z and T values, as well as steps for evaluating hypotheses and identifying outliers using Chauvenet's Criterion. This serves as a reference for statistical analysis in instrumentation and data evaluation.

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tpulsipher013
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9 views

instrumentation Equation Sheet

The document provides key equations and methodologies for calculating total uncertainty, population and sample statistics, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and Chi-squared testing. It includes specific formulas for means, standard deviations, Z and T values, as well as steps for evaluating hypotheses and identifying outliers using Chauvenet's Criterion. This serves as a reference for statistical analysis in instrumentation and data evaluation.

Uploaded by

tpulsipher013
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Instrumentation Equation Sheet

Total Uncertainty
1
U x =(B2x + P 2x ) 2
Population Mean
n
xi
μ=∑
i=1 n
Population Standard Deviation

√
n

∑ (x i−μ)2
i=1
σ=
n
Sample Mean
n
xi
x=∑
i=1 n
Sample Standard Deviation

√
n

∑ (x i−μ)2
i=1
S x=
n−1
Z value
x−μ
z=
σ
Confidence Intervals for Populations

x=μ ± z∗σ
Evaluation of the True Mean for Samples
σ
σ x=
√n
Confidence Intervals for Samples
z∗σ
x=μ ±
√n
Student’s T-Distribution (n<30)
x−μ
t=
Sx
√n
t∗S x
x=x ±
√n

Hypothesis Testing
1. Define both null and alternate hypotheses
2. Define level of confidence
3. Calculate value of texp or zexp from the data
4. Determine the value of tα/2,v or z from the tables
5. If texp or zexp fall in the reject HO region, we reject the null and accept the alternate
6. If texp or zexp fall in the do not reject HO region, we conclude that we do not have enough data to
reject HO at the specified level of confidence
X2 testing
1. Divide the data into bins
2. Determine our bin boundary locations
3. Calculate from the tables the area under the curve between the two bin boundaries
4. Multiply probability associated with each bin by the total number of occurrences in the observed
data set
k 2
(Oi−E i)
=∑
2 2
5. Find X exp and compare with X α /2 , v
i=1 E i

Chauvenet’s Criterion
1
s=
4n
Dmax =z value of ( 0.5−s )
| x−x|
Dmax ≥ if this is not true for a valuethen that value is an outlier .
Sx

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