Solution

INTEGRATION LESSON:-7

Class 12 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
3x
(b) log 3
+c
Explanation: ∫ 3 xdx
ax
∫ a xdx = +c
ln a
3x
∫ 3 xdx = +c

y
ln 3

2. (a) - cos x log (cos x) + cos x + C

nb
Explanation: Put cos x = t and - sin x dx = dt
1
∴ I = − ∫ log t dt = − ∫ (log t ⋅ 1 ) dt = - [(log t) t − ∫ t
⋅ t dt]
I II
= -t(log t) + t + C = - cos x [log (cosx)] + cos x + C

ya
3. (a) 5 − √3 − √2
1 √2 √3 2
[ ] [ ] [ ] [x ]dx
Explanation: = ∫ x 2 dx + ∫ x 2 dx + ∫ x 2 dx + ∫
Da s G 2
0 1 √2 √ 3

1 √2 √3 2
= ∫ 0 dx + ∫ 1 dx + ∫ 2 dx + ∫ 3 dx
0 1 √2 √3
c

⇒ 0 + (√2 − 1) + 2(√3 − √2 + 3(2 − √3)

ir
ati
ss
4.
(b) -ex cot x + c

( )
em

Explanation: I = ∫ e x 1 − cotx + cot 2x dx

( )
I = ∫ e x 1 + cot 2x − cotx dx

I = ∫ e (csc x − cotx )dx

x 2
ath

Here, f(x) = − cotx ⇒ f ′(x) = csc 2x

I = − e xcotx + c
5.
M

(b) sin − 1
( )
1
2
sinx + c

cos x
Explanation: The given integral is ∫ = ?
√4 − sin 2 x
Putting sin x = t and cos x dx = dt, we get

l=∫
dt

√4 − t 2
=∫
dt

√2 2 − t 2
t
= sin − 1 2 + C = sin − 1
( )
1
2
sinx + C

6.
π
(d)
3√ 3

Explanation: We have to convert denominator into a perfect square

1 + x + x2 = x 2 + 2(x) () 1
2
+
1
4
−
1
4
+1

1 / 36
Assignment
 = x+ ( ) 1
2
2
+
3
4

( ) ( ) 1 2 √3 2
= x+ 2
+ 2

1
I = ∫ 10 dx

( ) ( ) 1 2 √3 2
x+ 2 + 2

1 1 x
Using formula ∫ dx = tan − 1 a
x2 + a2 a

( )
1
1
1 x+ 2

y
I= tan − 1
√3 √3

nb
2 2
0

=
2

√3 ( tan − 1
2

√3 () 3
2
− tan − 1
2

√3 ( ))
1
2

ya
=
2

√3 ( ) π
3
−
π
6
π
=
Da s G
3√ 3

7.
5
(d) 12
c

π
ir
Explanation: y = ∫ 06 cosx 1 − 2sin 2x dx ( )
ati
ss
π

= ∫ 06 cosx − 2cosxsin 2xdx

π π
= (sinx) 06 − 2∫ 06 cosxsin 2xdx
em

Let, sin x = t
Differentiating both side with respect to t
dx
cosx =1
ath

dt
⇒ cosx dx = dt
At x = 0, t = 0
π 1
At x = 6 , t =
M

2
π 1
y = sin 6 − sin0 − 2∫ 02 t 2dt
1

=
1
2

1
−2

1
() t3
3
2

= 2
− 12
5
=
12

8.
(d) 0
Explanation: If f is an off function
a
∫ − a f(x)dx = 0
a 0
as, ∫ 0 f(x)dx = − ∫ − a f(x)dx

sin61 x and x123 is an odd number.

so the integral is zero.

2 / 36
Assignment
 9.
(c) π + 2
2 2+x
Explanation: ∫
0 √ 2−x
dx

2 2+x
=∫ dx
0 √4 − x 2
2 1 2 xdx
= 2∫ dx + ∫
0 √4 − x 2
0 √4 − x 2

[ ]
x 2 1 2 − 2x
= 2 sin − 1( ) − .∫ dx
2 2
0 0 √4 − x 2

[ ]
2
√4 − x 2

y
π 1
= 2( ) −
2 2 1/2
0

nb
= π − (0 − 2) = π + 2

10.

ya
(b) x - tan x + c
cos 2x − 1
Explanation: I = ∫ cos 2x + 1 dx
1 − cos 2x
I = − ∫ 1 + cos 2x dx
Da s G
2sin 2 x
I= −∫ x dx
2cos 2 2

I= − ∫ tan 2xdx
c
ir
(
I = − ∫ sec 2x − 1 dx )
ati
ss
I = − (tanx − x) + c
I = x − tanx + c
em

11.
π
(d) 24
2
dx
Explanation: Let I = ∫ 03
ath

4 + 9x 2
Taking 9 common from Denominator in I
1 2 dx 1 2 dx dx 1 x
⇒ I= ∫ 03 4 = ∫ 03 [∫ = tan − 1 a + c]
9 9 a2 + x2 a
()
2 2 2
9 +x + x2
M

[ ]
2 2

⇒ I=
1
9
×
3
2
tan −1
x
2
3
3
=
1
9
×
3
2 [tan −1
3x
2 ] 3

0
0

⇒ I=
1
6 [ tan − 1 2 ×
3 2
3
− tan − 10 =
] 1
6 [tan − 11 − tan − 10 ]
⇒ I=
2
1
6
×
( ) π
4
−0 =
π
24

dx π
∴ ∫ 03 =
4 + 9x 2 24

12.
(b) - log |cos x| + C
sin x
Explanation: ∫ tan xdx = ∫ cos x dx

3 / 36
Assignment
 Put cos x = t
-sin x dx = dt
− dt
=∫ t
= -log t + c
= -log |cos x| + c
13. (a) 2
π 1
Explanation: ∫ 0 dx
1 + sin x
π 1 1 − sin x
= ∫ 0 1 + sin x × 1 − sin x
dx
π 1 − sin x
= ∫0 dx
1 − sin 2 x
π 1 − sin x
= ∫0 dx

y
cos 2 x
π
(
= ∫ 0 sec 2x − secxtanx dx )

nb
π
= [tanx − secx] 0
=0+1-0+1
=2

ya
14.
π
(d) 4
π 1 − cos 2x
Da s G
Explanation: I = ∫ 02 2
dx
π

= ( x
2
−
sin 2x
4 ) 2

0
c

π sin π
ir
= −
ati

4 4
ss
π
= 4

15.
em

(b)
√6
1
tan − 1
( )√6
1
tan 2 + C
x

dx
Explanation: I = ∫ 7 + 5cos x
ath

x 2dt
put tan =t ⇒ dx =
2 1 + t2
x
1 − tan 2 2 1 − t2
M

So, cosx = x =
1 + tan 2 2 1 + t2
2dt
1 + t2
∴ I=∫
1 − t2
7+5×
1 + t2
1
⇒ I=∫ dt
t2 + 6

⇒ I=
1

√6
tan − 1
()
√6
t
+c

()
x
1 tan 2
= tan − 1 +c
√6 √6

4 / 36
Assignment
 sin x
16. Given: ∫ ( 1 − sin x )
dx
Multiply and divide by (1+sin x),
sin x + ( sin x ) 2
=∫ dx
1 − ( sin x ) 2
sin x − ( sin x ) 2
=∫ dx
( cos x ) 2

( )
= ∫ tanxsecx + (tanx) 2 dx

= ∫ ( tanxsecx + (secx) − 1 ) dx 2

= sec x + tan x - x + c, where c is constant of integration.

17. Clearly, | x | =
{ − x when
x when
−1 ≤ x ≤ 0
0≤x≤2

y
2 0 2
∴ ∫ − 1 | x | dx = ∫ − 1 | x | dx + ∫ 0 | x | dx

nb
[ ] []
0 2
=
0
∫ − 1( − x)dx +
2
∫ 0 xdx =
− x2
2
−1
+
x2
2
0
=
( )
1
2
+2 =
5
2

dx

ya
18. Let, I = ∫
√2 + 2x − x 2
dx
=∫
√3 − ( x 2 − 2x + 1 )
Da s G
dx dx x
=∫ (since ∫ = sin − 1 a + C
√(√ 3 )2 − ( x − 1 )2 √ a2 − x2

( )
x−1
c

= sin − 1
√3
+C
ir
ati

dx
ss
19. Given: ∫
( √x + 1 + √x + 2 )

Multiply and divide by √(x + 1) − √(x + 2)

em

(√(x+1) −√(x+2) )
=∫ x+1−x−2
dx
= − ∫ √(x + 1) + √(x + 2)dx
−2 3 2 3
ath

= 3
(x + 1) 2 + 3 (x + 2) 2 + c
x
x
20. I = ∫ 02 dx
sin 2 x + cos 2 x
π x
M

=∫ 02 1 dx
x
=∫ 02 xdx
x

[]
x2 2
= 2 0

π2
∴ I= 8
21. Using by parts method.Taking f1(x) = sin(logx) and f2(x) = 1in the first integral and keeping the second integral intact,
∫ sin (log x) dx + ∫ cos (log x) dx

= sin(logx)∫ dx − ∫
[ d
dx ]
(sin(logx))∫ dx dx + ∫ cos(logx)dx

= x sin (log x) - ∫ cos (log x) dx + ∫ cos (log x) dx+c

= elogx sin (log x) + c
= x log x sin (log x) + c, where c is the integrating constant

5 / 36
Assignment
 1
22. y = ∫ 0 x(1 − x) 5dx
Using theorem of definite integral
b b
∫ a f(x)dx = ∫ a f(a + b − x)dx
y = ∫ 10 (1 − x)x 5dx
1
y = ∫ 0 x 5 − x 6dx

( )
1
x6 x7
y= 6
− 7
0
1 1
y= −
6 7
1
= 42
.
b f(x)

y
23. I = ∫ a f ( x ) + f ( a + b − x ) dx ----(i)
We know that

nb
b b
∫ a f(x)dx= ∫ a f(a + b − x)dx
b f(a+b−x)
I = ∫ a f ( a + b − x ) + f ( a + b − ( a + b − x ) dx
b f(a+b−x)

ya
I = ∫ a f ( a + b − x ) + f ( x ) dx-----(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get,
b f(x) +f(a+b−x)
2I = ∫ a f ( a + b − x ) + f ( x ) dx
Da s G
b
2I = ∫ a 1dx
b
2I = [x] a
b−a
I=
c
2
24. Put t = 1 + sin 6x, so that dt = 6 cos 6x dx
ir
ati

1 1
ss
Therefore ∫ cos6x√1 + sin6xdx = 6 ∫ t 2 dt
1 2 3 1 3
= 6
× 3 (t) 2 + C = 9
(1 + sin6x) 2 + C
em

25. I = ∫
( ) 1 − x4
1−x
dx

(1 − x ) ( 1 + x )
ath

2 2

=∫ (1−x)
dx

( 1 − x ) ( 1 + x ) 1 + x2 ( )
=∫ dx
M

(1−x)

=∫ (1 + x) 1 + x 2 dx ( )
(
=∫ 1 + x 2 + x + x 3 dx )
x3 x2 x4
=x + 3
+ 2
+ 4
+C
Section B
sin 2xcos 2x
26. Let I = ∫ dx
√9 − cos 4 2x
Put cos2 (2x) = t so that 2 sin 2x cos 2x dx = -dt
Therefore,

I = − 2∫
1

√
dt

9 − t2
1
= − 2 sin − 1 ()
t
3
1
+ C = − 2 sin − 1 [ 1
3 ]
cos 22x + C

6 / 36
Assignment
 x8
27. Let I = ∫ dx
(1−x ) 3 1/3

1
Put (1 - x3) = t so that x3 = (1 - t) and x 2dx = − 3 dt
x8 x6 ⋅ x2
∴ I=∫ dx = ∫ dx
(1 − x ) 3 1/3
(1−x ) 3 1/3

1 ( 1 − t )2 1 ( 1 + t − 2t )
2

= − 3∫ dt = − 3 ∫ dt
t1 / 3 t1 / 3
1 1 2
= − 3 ∫ t − 1 / 3dt − 3 ∫ t 5 / 3dt + 3 ∫ t 2 / 3dt
1 1 2
= − 2 t2 / 3 − 8 t8 / 3 + 5 t5 / 3 + C

(1 − x ) (1 − x ) (1 − x )
1 1 2
3 2/3 3 8/3 3 5/3

y
= − 2
− 8
+ 5
+C
√x

nb
a
28. Let y = ∫ 0 dx ........ (i)
√x + √ a − x
Use King theorem of definite integral
∫ ba f(x)dx = ∫ ba f(a + b − x)dx

ya
a
√a − x
y = ∫0 dx .......... (ii)
√ a − x + √x
Adding eq.(i) and eq.(ii), we get
Da s G
√x √a − x
2y = ∫ a0 dx + ∫ a0 dx
√x + √ a − x √ a − x + √x
a
√x + √ a − x
2y = ∫ 0 dx
√ a − x + √x
c

1 u
ir
y= ∫ dx
ati

2 0
ss
1 a
y= 2
(x) 0
a
y=
em

29. ∫ e 2x
( ) 2x − 1
4x 2
dx
ath

e 2x e 2x
=∫ dx − ∫ dx
2x 4x 2

Taking f1(x) = 1/2x and f2(x) = e2x in the first integral and keeping the second integral intact,
e 2x e 2x
M

∫ dx − ∫ dx
2x 4x 2

= 2x
1
∫ e 2xdx − ∫ [() ]
d
dx 2x
1
∫ e 2xdx dx − ∫
e 2x
4x 2
dx integration by parts,

=
2x
1
∫ e 2xdx − ∫
[() ]
d
dx 2x
1
∫ e 2xdx dx − ∫
e 2x
4x 2
dx

e 2x
= 4x
+ c, where c is the integrating constant
π/4
30. Let I = ∫ 0 log(1 + tanx)dx ............. (i)

Then, I = ∫ 0 log 1 + tan

π/4
[ ( )] π
4
−x dx [ ∵
a a
∫ 0 f(x)dx = ∫ 0 f(a − x)dx ]
or I = ∫ 0 log 1 +
π/4
[ ] 1 − tan x
1 + tan x
dx

or I = ∫ 0 log
π/4
( ) 2
1 + tan x
dx

7 / 36
Assignment
 or I = ∫ 0 log
π/4
( 2
1 + tan x ) dx

π/4
or I = ∫ 0 [log2 − log(1 + tanx)]dx
π/4 π/4
or I = (log2) ⋅ ∫ 0 dx − ∫ 0 log(1 + tanx)dx .......... (ii)
Adding (I) and (ii), we get
π/4 π/4 π
2I = (log2)∫ 0 dx = (log2) ⋅ [x] 0 = 4
(log2)
π π/4 π
∴ I= 8
(log2), i.e., ∫ 0 log(1 + tanx)dx = 8
(log2)
cos x
1 − cot x 1 − sin x
31. I = ∫ 1 + cot x dx = ∫ cos x dx
1 + sin x
sin x − cos x cos x − sin x
=∫ dx = − ∫ dx

y
sin x + cos x sin x + cos x
d ( sin x + cos x )
= −∫

nb
sin x + cos x
= - log |sin x + cos x| + c
32. Let y = ∫ 2π
0 | cosx | dx
We know that

ya
π
| cosx | = cos x in [0, 2 ]
π 3π
| cosx | = - cos x in [ 2 , 2
]
Da s G
3π 2
| cosx | = cos x in [ 2
, π]
π 3π
Then, y = ∫ 02 | cosx | dx + ∫ π2 | cosx | dx + ∫ 2π
3π | cosx | dx
2 2
π 3π
c

y = ∫ 02 cosxdx − ∫ π2 cosxdx + ∫ 3π cosxdx

ir 2π
ati

2 2
ss
3π
π
2 2π
y = (sinx) 02 − (sinx) π + (sinx) 3π
2 2
em

y = (1 - 0) - 1 - 1 + (0 + 1)
=4
π
33. Let I = ∫ 02 (a cos2x + b sin2x) dx, then we have
ath

[
π a b
I = ∫ 02 2
(cos2x + 1) + 2
(1 - cos2x)]dx

= [ ( ) ( )]
a sin 2x
+x +
b
x−
sin 2x
M

2 2 2 2

= [( ) ( ) (
a
2
sin π
2
+
π
2
+
b
2
π
2
−
sin π
2
−
a
2
sin 0
2
+0 − ) ( b
2
0−
sin 0
2 )]
=
[( ) ( )
a
2
0+
π
2
+
b
2
π
2
a
− 0 − (0 + 0) − (0 − 0)
2
b
2 ]
π
= (a + b)
4
π
2 sin x − cos x
34. Let I = ∫ 1 + sin xcos x
dx …(i)
0
π
2
sin
( ) ( )
π
2 −x − cos
π
2 −x

⇒ I= ∫ dx
0
1 + sin ( ) ( )
π
2 − x cos
π
2 −x

8 / 36
Assignment
 π
2 cos x − sin x
= ∫ 1 + cos xsin x
dx
0
π
2 sin x − cos x
= −∫ 1 + cos xsin x
dx…(ii)
0
Adding eq. (i) and (ii), we have 2I = 0 ⇒ I=0
35. Let I = ∫ sin 2x x) dx.tan-1 (sin
Now put sin x = t and cos x d x = dt, we obtain
t2 1 t2
I = ∫ sin 2x tan-1 (sin x) dx = 2 ∫ t tan − 1 t dt = 2 {(tan-1 t) −∫ × dt}
II I
2 1 + t2 2

(t +1 ) −1
( )
2
1
⇒ I= t2 (tan-1 t )- = ∫ dt = t2 tan-1 t = ∫ 1 − dt
1 + t2 1 + t2

y
I = t2 tan-1 t - t + tan-1 t + C

nb
⇒

⇒ I = sin2 x tan-1 (sin x) - sin x + tan-1 (sin x) + C

Section C
36. let the giveen integral be,

ya
l=∫ √3x 2 + 4x + 1dx
4 1
= √3∫
√ x 2 + 3 x + 3 dx
Da s G
= √3∫√ () () 4
x2 + 3 x +
2
3
2
−
2
3
2
+ 3 dx
1

√ √( )
c

= 3∫ x+
2
3
2
−
ir 4
9
+ 3 dx
1
ati
ss
√ √( ) () 2 2 1 2
= 3∫ x+ 3
− 3
dx
em

√ [ ( )√ ( ) ( ) ( ) |( ) √( ) ( ) | ]
1 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2
= 3 2
x+ 3
x+ 3
− 3
− 2
× 3
ln x+ 3
+ x+ 3
− 3
+C
ath

[ ∵ ∫
1
√x 2 − a2dx = 2 x√x 2 − a2 − 2 a2ln | x +
1
√ ]x2 − a2 | + C

=
1
√
(3x + 2) 3x 2 + 4x + 1 −
√3
ln x +
|( ) √ 2
+
4
x2 + 3 x +
1
| +C
M

6 18 3 3

37. Using substitution by. Taking x = a cos 2 θ,

1 x
Therefore dx = -2a sin 2θ dθ and θ = 2
cos − 1 a
x
x = acos2θ i.e cos2θ =
a
x2
∴ sin2θ =
√ 1−
a2

a−x
∴ ∫
√ a+x
dx

a − acos 2θ
=∫
√ a + acos 2θ
× ( − 2asin2θdθ)

a ( 1 − cos 2θ )
=∫
√ a ( 1 + cos 2θ )
× ( − 2asin2θdθ)

Formula to be used − cos2θ = 1 − 2sin 2θ = 2cos 2θ − 1

9 / 36
Assignment
 sin2θ = 2sinθcosθ
1 − cos 2θ
∴ ∫
√ 1 + cos 2θ
× ( − 2asin2θdθ)

2sin 2 θ
=∫
√ 2cos 2 θ

sin θ
× ( − 2asin2θdθ)

= ∫ cos θ × ( − 2a × 2sinθcosθdθ)
= − 2a∫ 2sin 2θdθ
= − 2a∫ 1 − cos2θdθ

= − 2a θ −
[ sin 2θ
2 ]
[ ]

y
sin 2θ
= − 2a θ − 2
+c

nb
[ ] √
x2
1−
a2
1 x

ya
= − 2a 2
cos − 1 a − 2
+c
Da s G
x2

√
x
= − acos − 1 a + a 1 − +c
a2

x
= asin − 1 a + √a2 − x 2 + c c being the integrating constant
c
ir
( x − 3 ) ex
ati

38. Let I = dx
ss
(x−1) 3
(x−1) −2
=∫ e xdx
(x−1) 3
em

= ∫ ex
[ (x−1)
(x−1) 3
−
(x−1) 3
2
] dx

[ ]
ath

1 −2
⇒ I = ∫ ex + dx
(x−1) 2 (x−1) 3

[∫ e {f(x) + f (x) }dx ]

x ′
M

1 d
It is in the form of ∫ e {f(x) + f (x) }dx since here f(x) =
x ′ and f ′ (x) = {(x − 1) }
−2
(x−1) 2 dx
= − 2(x − 1) − 3
−2
= .
(x−1) 3
ex
⇒ I= +c
(x−1) 2

[ ∵
{ }
∫ e x f(x) + f ′ (x) dx = e xf(x) + c ]
39. We know that

10 / 36
Assignment
 x x
2tan 2 1 − tan 2 2
sin x = x , cosx = x
1 + tan 2 2 1 + tan 2 2
1 1
∴
3 + 2sin x + cos x
=

( )( )
x x
2tan 2
1 − tan 2 2
3+2 x + x
1 + tan 2 2
1 + tan 2 2

( 1 + tan 2 2
x
)
=
(
3 1 + tan 2 2
x
) + 4tan 2 +
x
x
( 1 − tan 2 2
x
)
sec 2 2 dx

y
= x x x
3 + 3tan 2 2 + 4tan 2 + 1 − tan 2 2

nb
x
1 sec 2 2 dx
x x
∴ ∫ 0 3 + 2sin x + cos x dx = ∫ 0 x x
2tan 2 2 + 4tan 2 + 4
x

ya
Let tan 2 = t
Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
1 x
sec 2 2 dx = dt
2
Da s G
Now,
x=0 ⇒ t=0
x=π ⇒ t=∞
x
sec 2 2 dx
c

∴ ∫ x0 x x
ir= ∫∞
0
dt
t 2 + 2t + 2
ati

2tan 2 2 + 4tan 2 + 4
ss
∞ dt
= ∫0
( t + 1 )2 + 1

[ ] ∞
em

= tan − 1(t + 1) 0

= tan − 1(∞) − tan − 1(0 + 1)

= tan − 1(∞) − tan − 1(1)

( ) ( )
ath

π π
= tan − 1 tan 2 − tan − 1 tan 4
π π
= 2 4
−
2π − π
M

= 4
π
= 4
1 π
∴ ∫ π0 dx =
3 + 2sin x + cos x 4
2 dx
40. Given integral is: ∫1
√(x−1) (2−x)
2 dx
Let I = ∫1
√(x−1) (2−x)
2 dx
= ∫1
√ − ( x 2 − 3x + 2 )
Using perfect square method for the denominator
3 3
⇒ x2 - 3x + 2 = x2 - 3x + ( 2 )2 - ( 2 )2 + 2

= x−
( ) 3
2
2
−
1
4

11 / 36
Assignment
 2 dx
= ∫1

√( ) ( )1
2
2
− x− 2
3 2

We know that ∫
dx

√a 2 − x 2
= sin − 1
() x
a
+C

[ ( )]
2
( ) x− 2
3

[ ]
2
= sin − 1 1 = sin − 1(2x − 3) 1
2
1

= sin-1(1) - sin-1 (-1)

π π
= +

y
2 2
=π

nb
41. To solve this we will use substitution.
Let x = tanθ
dx = sec2θ dθ

ya
Now, x = 0 ⇒ θ = 0
π
x=1 ⇒ θ= 4

( )
1 1 − x2
Da s G
∫ cos − 1 dx
0 1 + x2

π
4
= ∫ cos − 1
( ) 1 − tan 2 θ
sec 2θdθ
c

0 1 + tan 2 θ
ir
ati

[ ]
ss
4 1 − tan 2 θ
= ∫ cos − 1(cos2θ)sec 2θdθ cos2θ =
0 1 + tan 2 θ

π
em

4
= ∫ 2θsec 2θdθ
0
Using by parts, we get
∫ 2θsec 2θdθ
ath

[
= 2 θ∫ sec 2θdθ − ∫ ∫ sec 2θdθ ( )
dθ
dθ
× dθ ]
= 2[θtanθ − ∫ tanθdθ]
M

π
4
∴ ∫ 2θsec 2θdθ
0
π
= 2[θtanθ + logcosθ] 04 [ ∵ ∫ tanθdθ = logcosθ]

=2
[( π
4
π π
tan 4 + logcos 4 − (0 × tan0 + logcos0)]
)
=2
[ ( ) ]
π
4
+ log
1

√2
−0−0

=2
( ) π
4
+ log
1

√2

12 / 36
Assignment
 π
= 2
− log2

∴
1
∫ cos − 1
0 ( )
x2
1 − x2
1 + x2
dx =
π
2
− log2

42. Let I = ∫ dx
( a + bx ) 2
Using Long division method, we will break the given function as
2a a2
x2 1 − b x− 2
b
= +
( a + bx ) 2 b2 ( bx + a ) 2
x2 1 a ( 2bx + a )
⇒ = −
( a + bx ) 2 b2 b 2 ( bx + a ) 2

x2
{ } a2

y
1 a 2 ( bx + a ) − a 1 2a 1 1
⇒ = − = − × + × Thus we have
( a + bx ) 2 b2 b2 ( bx + a ) 2 b2 b2 bx + a b2 ( bx + a ) 2

nb
x2
∴ I=∫ dx
( a + bx ) 2

{ 1 2a 1 a2 1

}
ya
⇒ I=∫ − × + × dx
b2 b2 bx + a b2 ( bx + a ) 2

1 2a 1 a2 1
⇒ I= 2
∫ 1 ⋅ dx − 2
∫ dx + ∫ dx
b b bx + a b 2 ( bx + a ) 2
Da s G
x 2a a2 1
⇒ I= − log | bx + a | − × +c
b2 b3 b3 bx + a

⇒ I=
1

{ bx − 2alog | bx + a | −
a2

} +C
c
b3 bx + a
ir
ati

43. Let the given integral be,

ss
1
l = ∫ 4 + 3tan x dx
dx
=∫
em

3sin x
4 + cos x
cos xdx
= ∫ 4cos x + 3sin x
Consider,
ath

d
cos x = A(4 cos x + 3 sin x) + B dx
(4 cos x + 3 sin x)
cos x = A(4 cos x + 3 sin x) + B(-4 sin x + 3 cos x)
⇒

cos x = (4A + 3B) cos x + (3A - 4B) sin x

⇒
M

Equating the coefficients of like terms

4A + 3B = 1 ...(i)
3A - 4B = 0 ...(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
4 3
A= 25
and B = 25

[ ]
4 3
25 ( 4cos x + 3sin x ) + ( − 4sin x + 3cos x ) 25
∫ dx
4cos x + 3sin x

=
4
25
∫ dx +
3
25
∫
( − 4sin x + 3cos x
4cos x + 3sin x ) dx

let 4 cos x + 3 sin x = t

(-4 sin x + 3 cos x) dx = dt
Then,

13 / 36
Assignment
 4 3 dt
I= 25
∫ dx + 25
∫ t
4x 3
= + log |t| + C
25 25
4x 3
= 25
+ 25
log |4 cos x + 3 sin x| + C
44. let the given integral be,
1
l = ∫ sin ( x − a ) ⋅ sin ( x − b )
dx
1 sin ( b − a )
= ∫
sin ( b − a ) sin ( x − a ) ⋅ sin ( x − b )
dx
1 sin [ ( x − a ) − ( x − b ) ]
= sin ( b − a )
∫ sin ( x − a ) ⋅ sin ( x − b )
dx
1 sin ( x − a ) ⋅ cos ( x − b ) − cos ( x − a ) sin ( x − b )
= sin ( b − a )
∫ sin ( x − a ) ⋅ sin ( x − b )
dx

1
[ sin ( x − a ) ⋅ cos ( x − b ) cos ( x − a ) sin ( x − b )
]

y
= sin ( b − a )
∫ sin ( x − a ) ⋅ sin ( x − b )
− sin ( x − a ) sin ( x − b )
dx

nb
1
= sin ( b − a )
∫ [cot(x − b) − cot(x − a)]dx
1
= sin ( b − a )
∫ cot(x − b)dx − ∫ cot(x − a)dx
1

ya
= sin ( b − a )
[ln |sin(x - b)| - ln |sin(x - a)|] + C

=
1
sin ( b − a ) [| ln
sin ( x − b )
sin ( x − a )
Da s G |] +C

=
−1
sin ( a − b ) [| ln
sin ( x − b )
sin ( x − a ) |] +C

=
1
|
ln
sin ( x − a )
| +C
c

sin ( a − b ) sin ( x − b )
ir
( x + 3 ) ex
ati
ss
45. Let the given integral be, l = ∫ dx
( x + 5 )3

I=∫
[ (x+5) −2
] e xdx
em

⇒
( x + 5 )3

⇒ I=∫
[ 1
( x + 5 )2
+
−2
( x + 5 )3 ] e xdx
ath

1 2
⇒ ∫ e xdx - ∫ e xdx
( x + 5 )2 ( x + 5 )3
using parts method for 1st part and keep 2nd part as it is we get.
M

⇒ I=
1
( x + 5 )2

1
∫e xdx -∫
[( ) ]
2
d
dx
1
( x + 5 )2
∫ e xdx dx - ∫

2
2
( x + 5 )3

1
e xdx

⇒ I= ex + ∫ e xdx - ∫ e xdx = ex + C
( x + 5 )2 ( x + 5 )3 ( x + 5 )3 ( x + 5 )2
dx
46. To find: ∫
( sin 2 x − 4cos 2 x )
Formula Used:

i. sec2 x = 1+ tan2 x

ii. ∫
x2 − a2
1
dx =
1
2a
log | |
x−a
x+a
+C

Dividing by cos2 x in numertor and denominator,

sec 2 xdx
⇒ ∫
tan 2 x − 4
Let y = tan x, differentiate both sides we have,

14 / 36
Assignment
 dy = sec2 x dx
Therefore,
dy
⇒ ∫
y2 − 22

⇒
1
4
log | | y−2
y+2
+c

Since y = tan x,

⇒
1
4
log | tan x − 2
tan x + 2 | +C

Therefore,

∫
(
dx

)
=
1
4
log | tan x − 2
tan x + 2 | +c

y
sin 2 x − 4cos 2 x

2x 2 + 1

nb
47. Let, I = ∫ dx
(
x2 x2 + 4 )
2x 2 + 1 2t + 1
put x 2 = t and then = t(t+4)
x2 x2 + 4 ( )

ya
Using partial fractions,
2t + 1 A B
⇒ = +
t(t+4) t t+4
2t + 1 = A(t + 4) + Bt
⇒
Da s G
Comparing the coefficients of t and constant terms,
1
⇒ 2 = A + B and1 = 4A ⇒ A= 4
1 7
c
∴ B=2−A=2−
ir 4
=
4
1 7
ati

2x 2 + 1 2t + 1 4 4 1 7
ss
Thus, = t(t+4)
= t
+ t+4
= 4t
+ 4(t+4)
(
x2 x2 + 4 )
1 7
em

= + [ ∵ x 2 = t]
4x 2
4 ( x2 + 4 )
1 dx 7 dx
∴ I= ∫
4 x2
+ 4∫
x2 + 4
ath

= −
1
4x
+
7
4
1
× 2 tan − 1
() x
2
+C
[ ∵ ∫ 2
dx
a +x 2 =
1
a
tan − 1
()
x
a
+C
]
1 7
() x
M

= − + tan − 1 +C
4x 8 2
1
48. Let I = 3

(
x2 ⋅ x4 + 1 ) 4

Taking x 4 common from the denominator, we get

1dx
I=∫

( )
3 3
1
( )
x2 x4 4 1+
x4
4

dx
=∫

( )
3

( )
1 4
x2 x3 1+
x4

dx
=∫

( )
3
1 4
x5 1 +
x4

1 dt dx
Let t = 1 + ⇒ − =
x4 4 x5

15 / 36
Assignment
 1 − 1 dt
⇒ ∫ 3 ⋅ dx = 4
∫ 3

x2 ⋅ x4 + 1 ( ) 4 t4

=
−1 t4
4
()
1
1
4
1

+C

= −t 4 + c

( )
1
1 4
=− 1 + +c
x4

49. We write

y
3x − 2 A B C
2 = x+1
+ 2 + x+3

nb
(x+1) (x+3) (x+1)

So that 3x - 2 = A (x + 1) (x + 3) + B (x + 3) + C (x + 1)2
= A (x2 + 4x + 3) + B (x + 3) + C (x2 + 2x + 1)
Comparing coefficient of x2, x and constant term on both sides,

ya
we get A + C = 0, 4A + B + 2C = 3 and 3A + 3B + C = -2. Solving these equations, we get
11 −5 − 11
A= 4
,B = 2
and C = 4
. Thus the integrand is given by
3x − 2
Da s G
11 5 11
= − −
( x + 1 )2 ( x + 3 ) 4(x+1) 2 ( x + 1 )2 4(x+3)
3x − 2 11 dx 5 dx 11 dx
Therefore, ∫ = ∫ − ∫ − ∫
( x + 1 )2 ( x + 3 ) 4 x+1 2 ( x + 1 )2 4 x+3
11 5 11
= log | x + 1 | + − log | x + 3 | + C
c

4 2(x+1)
ir 4

| |
ati

11 x+1 5
ss
= 4
log x+3
+ 2(x+1)
+C

50. Consider the integral

x
em

I=∫ dx
(x + 1 ) ( x − 1 )
2

x
Now let us separate the fraction
(x + 1 ) ( x − 1 )
2
ath

though partial fraction

x A Bx + C
= +
x−1 x2 + 1
(x +1 ) (x−1)
2
M

x ( )
A x 2 + 1 + ( Bx + C ) ( x − 1 )
⇒ =
(x +1 ) (x−1)
2
(x +1 ) (x−1)
2

⇒ x = A(x2 + 1) + (Bx + C) (x - 1)
⇒ x = Ax2 + A + Bx2 - Bx + Cx - C
Comparing the coefficients, we have,
A+B = 0, - B + C = 1 and A - C = 0
Solving the equation, we get,
1 1 1
⇒ A = 2, B = - 2
and C = 2
x A Bx + C
⇒ = +
x−1 x2 + 1
( )
x2 + 1 ( x − 1 )

Using values of A ,B ,C we have,

x 1 1 1 x−1
⇒ = × − ×
2 x−1 2 x2 + 1
(x +1 ) (x−1)
2

16 / 36
Assignment
 x 1 x 1
⇒ = 2(x−1)
− +
(x +1 ) (x−1)
2
(
2 x2 + 1 ) 2 (x +1 )
2

Therefore integrating we have,

x
I=∫ dx
(x + 1 ) ( x − 1 )
2

=∫
[ 2(x−1)

dx
1
−
(
2 x2 + 1
xdx
x

)
+
(
2 x2 + 1
dx
1

) ] dx

= ∫ 2(x−1) − ∫ +∫
(
2 x2 + 1 ) (
2 x2 + 1 )
1 dx 1 xdx 1 dx
= 2∫ (x−1)
− 2∫ + 2∫
(x +1 )
2
(x +1 )
2

y
1 dx 1 1 2xdx 1 dx
= 2∫ − × ∫ + 2∫

nb
(x−1) 2 2
(x +1 ) 2
(x + 1 )
2

( )
1 1 1
= 2 log | x − 1 | − 4 log x 2 + 1 + 2 tan − 1x + C.
Section D

ya
51. Let I = ∫ [√cotx + √tanx]dx
1 1
=∫ + √tanx [ ∵ cotx = tanx
]
√tanx
Da s G
= ∫ √tanx 1 + [ 1

(√tan x )2 ] dx

put tanx = t 2 ⟹ sec 2xdx = 2tdt

c

⇒ dx =
2t
dt
ir
sec 2x
ati

2t
ss
⇒ dx = dt[ ∵ 1 + tan 2x = sec 2x]
1 + tan 2x
2t
⇒ dx = [tanx = t 2]
em

1 + ( t2 )2
2t
⇒ dx =
1 + t4

( )( 1 2t
tanx = t 2
ath

∴ I = ∫t 1 + dt[ ∵ ⟹
√tanx = t]
t2 1 + t4 )
t2 + 1
= 2∫ dt
t4 + 1
M

On dividing numerator and denominator by t 2 , we get

I = 2∫
( ) 1+
1
t2

dt

( ) t2 +
1
t2

1
1+
t2
= 2∫ 1 dt
t2 + −2+2
t2

= 2∫
( ) 1+
1
t2

dt
( ) t− t
1 2
+2

17 / 36
Assignment
 Again, put t −

dy
1
t
=y ⇒
( ) 1+
1
t2
dt = dy

∴ I = 2∫
y 2 + ( √2 ) 2

I=
√2
2
tan − 1
√2
y
+C
[ ∵ ∫
√
dx

x2 + a2
=
1
a
tan − 1 () x
a
+c
]
( )t− t
1

= √2tan
−1
√2
+C
[ put y = t −
1
t ]
( ) t2 − 1

y
= √2tan − 1 √2t
+C

nb
= √2tan − 1 ( ) tan x − 1

√2tan x
+ C [Put t 2 = tanx]

( )
ya
tan x − 1
I= √2tan − 1 √2tan x
+C

π / 4 sin x + cos x
52. According to the question, I = ∫ 0 dx
Da s G
9 + 16sin 2x
π/4 sin x + cos x
⇒ I = ∫0 9 + 16 ( 1 + sin 2x − 1 )
dx
π/4 sin x + cos x
⇒ I = ∫0 9 + 16 [ 1 − ( 1 − sin 2x ) ]
dx
sin x + cos x
c
π/4
⇒ I = ∫0
ir dx[ ∵ 1 = cos 2x + sin 2x] and [ ∵ sin2x = 2sinxcosx]
9 + 16 [ (
1 − cos 2 x + sin 2 x − 2sin xcos x ) ]
ati
ss
π/4 sin x + cos x
⇒ I = ∫0 dx
[
9 + 16 1 − ( cos x − sin x ) 2 ]
em

put , cosx − sinx = t

⇒ ( − sinx − cosx)dx = dt
⇒ (sinx + cosx)dx = − dt

Lower limit , when x = 0, then t = cos 0 - sin 0 = 1

ath

π π π 1 1
Upper limit , when x = 4 , then t = cos 4 − sin 4 = − = 0.
√2 √2
0 − dt
∴ I = ∫1
(
9 + 16 1 − t 2 )
M

dt
⇒ I = ∫ 10
9 + 16 1 − t 2 ( )
1 dt
= ∫0
25 − 16t 2
1 1 dt
= 16
∫ 0
5 2
() 4 − t2

[ | |] [ | | ]
1 5 + 4t 1 1 1 a+x
= 5 log ∵ ∫ dx = log +C
2 × 4 × 16
5 − 4t
0 a2 − x2 2a a−x

=
1
40 [ | | | |]
log
5+4
5−4
− log
5
5

=
1
40 [ ( ) ( )]
log
9
1
− log
5
5

18 / 36
Assignment
 1
= 40
(log9 − log1)
1
= (log9) [ ∵ log 1 = 0]
40
1
⇒ I= 40
log(3) 2
2
= 40
log3 [ ∵ log an = nlog a]
1
∴ I= 20
log3
sin − 1 √x − cos − 1 √x
53. According to the question , I = ∫ dx
sin − 1 √x + cos
−1
√x
We know that , sin − 1√x + cos −1
√x = π / 2
π
⇒ cos − 1√x = 2
− sin − 1√x

y
sin − 1 √x − ( π
2 − sin − 1 √x )

nb
I=∫ π dx
2
π
2sin − 1 √x − 2
=∫ π dx

ya
2

=
2
π (
∫ 2sin − 1√x −
π
2 ) dx
Da s G
4
= π
∫ sin − 1√xdx − ∫ 1dx
4
= π
∫ sin − 1√xdx − x + C
4
c
I= I − x + C...(i)
π 1
ir
Consider , I 1 = ∫ sin − 1√xdx
ati
ss
put √x = t
⇒ x = t2 ⇒ dx = 2tdt
em

∴ I 1 = ∫ sin − 1(t) × [2t]dt

= 2∫ sin − 1(t) × t dt
By using integration by parts we get,

[ { d
(sin t )∫ tdt}dt ]
ath

= 2 sin − 1t∫ tdt − ∫ dt

−1

[
= 2 sin − 1(t) ×
t2
−∫
1 t2
dt
]
M

2
√1 − t 2 2

2 −1
(1 − t ) − 1
2

= t sin t+∫ dt
√1 − t 2
1
= t 2sin − 1t + ∫ √1 − t 2dt − ∫ √1 − t dt
2

t 1
= t 2sin − 1t + 2√
1 − t 2 + 2 sin − 1t − sin − 1t + C 1

( )
= t2 −
1
2
1
sin − 1t + 2 t 1 − t 2 + C 1
√
1
= 2 [(2x − 1)sin −1
√x + √x √ 1 − x ] + C [ put t = √x]
1

[ √x − x 2 ] + C 1
1
= 2
(2x − 1)sin − 1√x +

19 / 36
Assignment
 On putting the value of I 1 in Eq. (i), we get

[ √x − x 2 ] − x + K [where K = π C1 + C ]
2 4
I= π
(2x − 1)sin − 1√x +
4
54. I = ∫ 1 [|x − 1| + |x − 2| + |x − 3|]dx
4 4
∫ 1 |x − 1|dx = ∫ 1 (x − 1)dx
x2 4 16 1
= [ 2 − x] 1 = ( 2
− 4) − ( 2 − 1)
1 9
=4+ =
2 2
4 2 4 5
∫ 1 |x − 2|dx = ∫ 1 − (x − 2)dx + ∫ 2 (x − 2)dx = 2
x2 2 x2 4
= − [ 2 − 2x] 1 + [ 2 − 2x] 2
4 1 16 4 1 5

y
= − [( 2 − 4) − ( 2 − 2)] + [( 2
− 8) − ( 2 − 4)] = 2
+2= 2
4 3 4 5

nb
∫ 1 (x − 3)dx = ∫ 1 − (x − 3)dx + ∫ 3 (x − 3)dx = 2
x2 3 x2 4
− [ 2 − 3x] 1 + [ 2 − 3x] 3
9 1 16 9
= − [( − 9) − ( − 3)] + [( − 12) − ( − 9)

ya
2 2 2 2
1 5
=2+ 2
= 2
9 5 5 19
I= + + =
∴
2 2 2 2
Da s G
√x 2 + 1 [ log | x + 1 | − 2log | x | ]
2

55. According to the question , I = ∫ dx

x4

√x 2 + 1 [ log | x + 1 | − log | ( x ) | ]
2 2
c

=∫
x4
dx[
ir
∵ mloga = loga m]
ati
ss
√x 2 + 1log | | x2 + 1
x2

[ m
]
em

=∫ 4 dx ∵ logm − logn = log n

x

√
x 1+
x2
1
log 1 +
| | x2
1
ath

=∫ dx
x4

√ 1+
1
x2
log 1 +
| | x2
1
M

=∫ dx
x3
1
Put , 1 + =t
x2
−2
⇒ dx = dt
x3
dx dt
⇒ = −
x3 2
1
∴ I = − 2 ∫ √tlog | t | dt
By using integration by parts ,we get

= −
1
2 [ log | t | ∫ t 1 / 2dt − ∫
{ d
dt
(log | t | )∫ t 1 / 2dt dt
}]
= −
1
2 [ log | t | ×
t3 / 2
3/2
t3 / 2
− ∫ 3 / 2 × t dt
1
]
[t ]
1
3/2
= − 3
log | t | − ∫ √tdt

20 / 36
Assignment
 = −
1
3 [ t 3 / 2log | t | −
t3 / 2
3/2 ] +C

1
= − t 3 / 2 log | t | −
3 [ 2
3 ] +C

= −
1
3 ( )[| | ] [
π
1+
1
x2
3/2
log 1 +
1
x2
−
2
3
+C ∵ t=1+
1
x2 ]
56. Let I = ∫ 4 π ln(sinx + cosx)dx ....(i)
−4
b b
Using the property: ∫ a f(x)dx = ∫ a f(a + b − x)dx
π π

∫ 4 π ln(sinx + cosx)dx = ∫ 4 π ln(sin( − x) + cos( − x))dx

y
⇒
−4 −4
π

nb
I = ∫ 4 π ln(cosx − sinx)dx .......(ii)
−4

Adding equation (i) and (ii)

π π
2I = ∫ 4 π ln(sinx + cosx)dx + ∫ 4 π ln(cosx − sinx)dx

ya
−4 −4
π

(
= ∫ 4 π ln cos 2x − sin 2x dx
−4 ) Da s G
π
= ∫ 4 π ln(cos2x)dx
−4

As cos(-x) = cos x
a a
Using property: ∫ − a f(x)dx = 2∫ 0 f(x)dx (for f(-x) = f(x))
c

π
ir
2I = 2∫ 04 logcos2xdx
ati

⇒
ss
π
⇒ I = ∫ 04 logcos2xdx .... (iii)
a a
Now, by property ∫ 0 f(a − x)dx = ∫ 0 f(x)dx
em

( [ ]) ( )
π π
π π
⇒ I = ∫ 04 log cos2 −x dx = ∫ 04 log cos − 2x dx
4 2
π
I = ∫ 04 logsin2xdx .... (iv)
ath

Adding Equations, (iii) and (iv), we get

π

⇒ 2I = ∫ 04 (logsin2x + logcos2xdx)
π
M

= ∫ 04 log(sin2xcos2x)dx

( )
π 1
= ∫ 04 log 2
sin4x dx
π π
1
= ∫ 04 logsin4xdx + ∫ 04 log 2 dx
π π
1
= ∫ 04 logsin4xdx + [x] 04 log 2
π π 1
= ∫ 04 logsin4xdx + 4 log 2
π 1
⇒ 2I = I 1 + 4 log 2
π
Where, I 1 = ∫ 04 logsin4xdx
Let 2x = t
⇒ 2dx = dt

π π
When x = 0, t = 0 and at x = 4
,t = 2

21 / 36
Assignment
 1 π
⇒ I1 = 2
∫ 02 logsin2tdt
1 π
⇒ I1 = 2∫ 04 logsin2tdt [Using ∫ 2a a
0 f(x)dx = 2∫ 0 f(x)dx]
2
π
= ∫ 04 logsin2tdt
π
⇒ I 1 = ∫ 04 logsin2xdx ...(by change of variable property)
π π 1
Hence, 2I = ∫ 04 logsin2xdx + 4 log 2
π 1
⇒ 2I = I + log
4 2
π 1
⇒ I= 4
log 2
x

√
a
57. Let the given integral be, I = ∫ 0 sin − 1 dx

y
a+x

Put x = atan2θ

nb
⇒ x = 2a tan θ sec2θ dθ (Differentiating both sides)
Now When x = 0, atan2θ = 0 ⇒ tan θ = 0 ⇒ θ = 0.
π

ya
When x = a, atan2θ = a ⇒ tanθ = 1 ⇒ θ= 4
π
So, the new limits are 0 and 4 .
Also,
Da s G
atan 2 θ

√
x

√ a+x
=
a + atan 2 θ

tan 2 θ

√
x

√
c

⇒
a+x
=
1 + tan 2 θ
ir
ati
ss
We have to use the trigonometric identity 1 + tan2θ = sec2θ

( )
√
sin 2 θ
em

cos 2 θ
tan 2 θ tan 2 θ
⇒

√ 1 + tan 2 θ
=
√ sec 2 θ
=

( ) 1
cos 2 θ
ath

tan 2 θ
⇒

√ 1 + tan 2 θ
= √sin2θ = sinθ
M

Substituting this in the original integral,

π
I = ∫ 04 sin − 1(sinθ) 2atanθsec 2θdθ ( )
π
⇒ I = 2a∫ 04 θtanθsec 2θdθ
Now, put tan θ = t
⇒ sec2θ dθ = dt (Differentiating both sides)
Now When θ = 0, t = tan 0 = 0..
π π
When θ = 4
, t = tan 4 = 1
So, the new limits are from 0 and 1.
Substituting this in the original integral,

( ) 1
I = 2a∫ 0 tan − 1t (t)dt

I = 2a∫ (tan t )(t)dt

1 −1
0

We will use integration by parts.

22 / 36
Assignment
 Recall ∫ f(x)g(x)dx = f(x)[∫ g(x)dx] − ∫ f ′(x)∫ g(x)dx dx + c [ ]
Here, take f(t) = tan-1t and g(t) = t
t2
⇒ ∫ g(t)dt = ∫ tdt = 2
Now,

(tan t )
df ( t ) d
f ′(t) = dt
= dt
−1

1
⇒ f ′(t) =
1 + t2
Substituting these values, we evaluate the integral.

([ ( )] ( )( ) )
1
t2 1 t2
⇒ I = 2a tan − 1t − ∫ 10 dt
2
0 1 + t2 2

y
[ ] ( )

nb
1
t2 1 t2
−1
⇒ I = 2a tan t − a∫ 0 dt
2
0 1 + t2

t2 1
We can write =1−
1 + t2 1 + t2

[ ] [ ] ya
1
t2 1
⇒ I = 2a tan − 1t − a∫ 10 1 − dt
2
0 1 + t2
Da s G
⇒ I = 2a
[12
2 ] ( )
tan − 1(1) − 0 − a ∫ 0 dt − ∫ 0

1
1 1 1
1 + t2
dt

dx = tan − 1x + c
c
Recall that ∫
1 + x2
ir
ati

1 π
( [ ])
1
ss
1
⇒ I = 2a × 2
× 4
− a [t] 0 − tan − 1t 0

π
I= (
a − a [1 − 0] − tan − 1(1) − tan − 1(0) [ ])
em

⇒
4

⇒ I=
π
4
a−a 1− ( [ ]) π
4
−0

( )
ath

π π π
⇒ I= a−a+ a= −1 a
4 4 2

√ ( )
a X π
∴ ∫ 0 sin − 1 a+x
dx = 2
−1 a
M

π
2
58. Let I = ∫ sin 2xdx
−π
2
π
2
= 2 ∫ sin 2xdx ...(i)
0
a a
∵ ∫ f(x)dx = 2∫ f(x)dx, when f(x) is even function]
−a 0
π

( )
2 π
⇒ I = 2 ∫ sin 2 2
− x dx
0

[ ]
a a
∵ ∫ f(x)dx = ∫ f(a − x)dx =
0 0

23 / 36
Assignment
 π
2
⇒ I = 2 ∫ cos 2xdx …(ii)
0
Adding eq. (i) and (ii),
π
2

(
2I = 2 ∫ sin 2x + cos 2x dx
0
)
π
2
= 2 ∫ 1dx
0
π
= 2(x) 02
π
= 2. 2 = π
π

y
⇒ I= 2
π/3 dx

nb
59. According to question , I = ∫ π / 6
1 + √cot x

π/3
√sin x cosx
⇒ I = ∫π / 6 dx....(i)[ ∵
sinx
= cotx]
√sin x + √cos x
b b

ya
We know that,∫ a f(x)dx = ∫ a f(a + b − x)dx
On applying this property in Equation (i) we get ,

) √ ( π π
sin 6 + 3 − x dx
Da s G
π/3
I = ∫π / 6 dx

√ ( )√ (
cos
π
6
π
+ 3 −x + sin
π
6
π
+ 3 −x
)
√ ( ) π
c

π/3
sin 2 −x
ir
= ∫π / 6 dx
ati
ss
√ ( )√ ( )
cos
π
2 −x + sin
π
2 − x dx

√cosx
em

⇒ I = ∫ ππ // 36 dx.......(ii)
√sin x + √cos x
On adding Equations (i) and (ii) we get,
π/3
√sin x + √cos x
2I = ∫ π / 6 dx
ath

√sin x + √cos x
π/3
⇒ 2I = ∫ π / 6 (1)dx
π/3
⇒ 2I = [x] π / 6
π π
M

⇒ 2I = 3
− 6
π
= 6
π
∴ I= 12
1−x
60. I = ∫ tan − 1
√ 1+x
dx

put x = cosθ
dx = − sinθdθ

= ∫ tan − 1 √( 1 − cos θ
1 + cos θ ) × − sinθdθ

= ∫ tan − 1
√( ) 2sin 2 2

2cos 2 2
θ

θ
× − sinθdθ

24 / 36
Assignment
 ( )
= ∫ tan − 1 tan 2 (− sinθ)dθ
θ

θ −1
= − ∫ sinθdθ = ∫ θ. sinθdθ
2 2
−1
= 2
[θ. (− cosθ) − ∫ 1 × (− cosθ)dθ]
−1
= 2
[− θ. cosθ + sinθ] + c

[ √1 − cos 2θ ] + c
−1
= 2
− θ. cosθ −

[ √1 − x 2 ] + c
−1
= 2
− x. cos − 1x −
dx
61. I = ∫

y
√sin 3x . sin ( x + α )
dx

nb
=∫ sin ( x + α )

√ sin 4x . sin x

dx cosec 2dx
=∫ sin ( x + α )
=∫ sin ( x + α )

√ √
ya
sin 2x sin x sin x

cosec 2xdx
=∫ sin x . cos α + cos x . sin α

√ sin x
Da s G
cos ec 22dx
=∫
√cos α + cot x . sin α
Put cosα + cotx. sinα = t
c

0 − cosec 2x. sinαdx = dt

ir
ati

− dt
cosec 2xdx =
ss
sin α
−1 dt −1 t1 / 2
∴ I= sin α
∫ = sin α
× 1/2
+c
√t
em

− 2√ t
= sin α
+c
− 2√cos α + cot xsin α
= sin α
+c
ath

62. Let I = ∫ e tan

( ) − 1x 1 + x + x2
1 + x2
dx

( )
M

− 1x 1 + x2 x
= ∫ e tan + dx
1 + x2 1 + x2

= ∫ e tan
− 1x

( )
1+
x
1 + x2
−1
dx

−1 xe tan x
= ∫ e tan x +∫ dx
1 + x2
−1
xe tan x
Now, Let I 1 = ∫ dx
1 + x2
Put tan − 1x = t ⇒ x = tant
1
⇒ dx = dt
1 + x2
∴ I 1 = ∫ tant. e tdt

= tant. e t − ∫ sec 2t. e tdt + C

(
= tant. e t − ∫ 1 + tan 2t e tdt + C ) [ ∵ sec 2θ = 1 + tan 2θ ]
25 / 36
Assignment
 −1
e tan x
I1 = tant. e t −∫ 1+ ( x2 ) 1 + x2
dx + C
tan − 1x
I 1 = tant. e t − ∫ e dx + C
tan − 1x − 1x
∴ I = ∫e dx + tant. e t − ∫ e tan dx + C
= tant. e t + C
− 1x
= xe tan +C
63. Let the given integral be
1
I=∫ dx
sin x + √3cos x
x x
2tan 2 1 − tan 2 2
Putting sin x = x
and cos x = x
1 + tan 2 2 1 + tan 2 2
1

y
⇒ I=∫ x x dx
2tan 2
1 − tan 2 2
+ √3

nb
x x
1 + tan 2 2
1 + tan 2 2
x
1 + tan 2 2
=∫ x x dx
2tan 2 + √3 − √3tan 2 2

ya
x
sec 2 2
=∫ x x dx
− √3tan 2 2 + 2tan 2 + √3
x
Let tan =t
Da s G
2
1 x
⇒
2
sec2 2
dx = dt then we have
x
sec2 dx = 2dt
2
c

∴ I = 2∫
dt
ir
3t 2 + 2t +
ati

−√ √3
ss
2 dt
= − ∫ 2
√3 t2 − t−1
√3
em

2 dt
= − ∫
√3
t2 − 3 t +
√
2
( ) ( )
√3
1 2
−
1

√3
2
−1

2 dt
ath

= − ∫
√3
( ) ( )
t−
√3
1 2
−
√3
2 2

| |
M

1 2
t− −
2 1 √3 √3
= − × 2 log 1 2 +C
√3 2 t− +
√3 √3 √3

||
3
t−
1 √3
= − 2 log 1 +C
t+
√3

= − 2 log
1
| | √3t − 3
√3t + 1
+C

=
1
2
log
| | √3t + 1
√3t − 3
+C

26 / 36
Assignment
 | |
x
1 √3tan 2 +1
= 2
log x +C
√3tan 2 −3

| |
x
1 1 + √3tan 2
or, log x
+C
2
3 − √3tan 2

x+1
64. Let I = ∫ dx
√4 + 5x − x 2
d

y
Let x + 1 = λ dx (4 + 5x + x2) + μ

nb
= λ(5 - 2x) + μ
x = (-2λ)x + 5λ + μ
Comparing the coefficients of like powers of x,
1
-2λ - 1 ⇒ λ= − 2

( )
ya
1
5λ + μ =1 ⇒ 5 − 2
+μ=1 Da s G
7
μ= 2
So using values we can write,
1 7
− 2 ( 5 − 2x ) + 2
I=∫ dx
c

√4 + 5x − x 2
ir
1 ( 5 − 2x ) 7 1
ati

= − 2∫ dx + 2 ∫ dx
ss
√ 4 + 5x − x 2 √ − [ x 2 − 5x − 4 ]
1 5 − 2x 7 1
I = − 2∫ dx + 2 ∫ dx
em

√4 + 5x − x 2

√[ () () ()
− x 2 − 2x
5
2 +
5
2
2
−
5
2
2
−4 ]

1 5 − 2x 7 1
I= − ∫ dx + ∫ dx
2 2
√ 4 + 5x − x 2
√ [( ) ( ) ]
ath

5 2 √41 2
− x− 2 − 2

1 5 − 2x 7 1
I = − 2∫ 2
dx + 2 ∫ dx
√4 + 5x − x
√( ) ( ) ]
M

3 √41 2 2
5
2 − x− 2

1
I = − 2 (2 4 + 5x − x 2) + 2 sin
√
7
−1

()
x− 2

√41
2
5

+ c [Since, ∫
√x
1
dx = 2√x + c, ∫
√
1

a2 − x2
dx = sin − 1 ()
x
a
+ c]

I= − √4 + 5x − x 2 + 2 sin − 1
7
( ) 2x − 5

√41
+c

65. We have,
π cos 2 x
I = ∫ 02 sin x + cos x
dx ...(i)

27 / 36
Assignment
Now by using property of integrals we have

π ( )
cos 2
π
2 −x

= ∫ 02 dx

π
sin ( ) ( )
π
2 −x + cos
π
2 −x

sin 2 x
= ∫ 02 cos x + sin x
dx ...(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii)

[ ]
π
cos 2 x sin 2 x
2I = ∫ 02 sin x + cos x
+ cos x + sin x
dx

[ ]
π 1
= ∫ 02 sin x + cos x
dx

y
π
= ∫ 02

= − ∫ 02
[ ] 2tan

1 + tan 2

x
x
2
x
2
1

1 + tan 2 2
x
1 − tan 2

1 + tan 2

x
x
2
x
2

dx
dx
Da s G
c
ir
ya
nb
tan 2 2 − 2tan 2 − 1
ati

x
ss
x sec 2 2
= − ∫ 02 x x dx
tan 2 2 − 2tan 2 − 1
em

x
Putting tan =t
2
1 x
⇒
2
sec 2 2 dx = dt
x
sec 2 2 dx = 2dt
ath

When x → 0; t → 0
π
and x → 2
;t → 1
1 dt
M

∴ 2I = − 2∫ 0
t 2 − 2t − 1
dt
⇒ I = − ∫ 10
( t − 1 )2 − ( √2 ) 2

[ | |]
t − 1 − √2 1
1
= − log
2√ 2 t − 1 + √2
0

[ | |]
1 − 1 − √2
= − log | − 1 | − log
2√ 2 − 1 + √2

= −
2√ 2
1
[ ]
log1 − log
√2 + 1
√2 − 1

= −
2√ 2
1
[ ] − log
√2 + 1
√2 − 1

28 / 36
Assignment
 [ ]
1 ( √2 + 1 ) ( √2 + 1 )
= log
2√ 2 ( √2 − 1 ) ( √2 + 1 )

=
2√ 2
1

1
log
[ (√2 + 1) 2

(2 − 1) ]
= log(√2 + 1) 2
2√ 2
1
= × 2log(√2 + 1)
2√ 2
1
= log(√2 + 1)
√2
dx
66. Let I = ∫ sin x ( 3 + 2cos x )

y
Put t = cosx
dt = -sinx dx

nb
dt
− sin x
= dx
dt
− sin x
= dx
dt dt

ya
= −∫ = −∫
sin 2 x ( 3 + 2t )
( 1 − cos x ) ( 3 + 2t )
2

dt
= −∫
Da s G
( 1 − t ) ( 3 + 2t )
2

1 1
= ( 1 − t ) ( 1 + t ) ( 3 + 2t )
( 1 − t ) ( 3 + 2t )
2

1 A B C
c

Now using partial fractions Putting

ir
( 1 − t ) ( 1 + t ) ( 3 + 2t )
= 1−t
+ 1+t
+ 3 + 2t
... (1)
ati

A(1 + t)(3 + 2t) + B(1 - t)(3 + 2t) + C(1 + t)(1 - t) = 1

ss
Now Putting 1 + t = 0
t = -1
em

A(0) + B(2)(3 - 2) + C(0) = 1

1
B= 2
Now Putting 1 - t = 0
t=1
ath

A(2) (5) + B(0) + C(0) = 1

1
A= 10
Now Putting 3 + 2t = 0
M

3
t= − 2

A(0) + B(0) + C 1 − ( ) 9
4
=1

−4
C= 5
1 1 1 1 1 4 1
( 1 − t ) ( 1 + t ) ( 3 + 2t )
= 10
× 1−t
+ 2
× 1+t
− 5
× 3 + 2t
1 1 1 1 1 4 1
∫ ( 1 − t ) ( 1 + t ) ( 3 + 2t )
dt = ∫
10 1 − t
dt + 2 ∫ 1 + t dt − 5 ∫ 3 + 2t dt
1 1 4 log | 3 + 2t |
= − 10
log | 1 − t | + 2 log | 1 + t | − 5 × 2
+c
1 1 2
= − 10
log | 1 − cosx | + 2 log | 1 + cosx | − 5 log | 3 + 2cosx | + c

29 / 36
Assignment
67. Let the given integral be,

( ) ( ) 1

(x −1 )
2
1
2x−1

I = ∫ x ( 2x − 1 ) dx = ∫ 2
+ x ( 2x − 1 )
dx

1 x 1
= ∫ 2 dx + ∫ x ( 2x − 1 ) dx − ∫ x ( 2x − 1 ) dx
1 1 log | 2x − 1 |
I= x+ × − I 1 .... (1)
2 2 2
1
Where I 1 = ∫ x ( 2x − 1 ) dx .... (2)
1 A B
Now by partial fractions putting, x ( 2x − 1 )
= x
+ 2x − 1

y
A(2x - 1) + Bx = 1
Putting 2x - 1 = 0

nb
1
x= 2

A(0) + B () 1
2
=1

ya
B=2
Putting x = 0,
A(0 - 1) + B(0) = 1
Da s G
A = -1
From equation (2), we get,
1 1 2
x ( 2x − 1 )
= − x
+ 2x − 1
1 1 1
c

∫
x ( 2x − 1 )
dx = − ∫ dx + 2∫
x 2x − 1
dx
ir
ati

2log | 2x − 1 |
ss
= − log | x | + 2
+c
From equation (1)
1 1
em

I= 2
x + 4 log | 2x − 1 | 2x − 1 | + logx + c
1 3
= 2
x − 4 log | 1 − 2x | + log | x | + c
1
dx
68. Given ∫ 02
ath

( 1 + x ) √1 − x2 2

⇒ Let x = sin θ
⇒ dx = cos θ dθ
1 π
M

At x = 0, θ = 0 and x = , θ =
2 6
1 dx π cos θdθ
⇒ ∫ 02 = ∫ 06
( 1 + x ) √1 − x
2 2
( 1 + sin θ ) √1 − sin
2 2 θ

As 1 - sin2 θ = cos2 θ
π π
cos θdθ cos θdθ
⇒ ∫ 06 = ∫ 06
( 1 + sin θ ) √1 − sin
2 2 θ ( 1 + sin θ ) √cos
2 2 θ
π
cos θdθ
= ∫ 06
( 1 + sin θ ) cos θ
2

π dθ
⇒ ∫ 06
( 1 + sin θ ) 2

1
π π sec 2 θdθ
cos 2 θ
⇒ ∫ 06 dθ = ∫ 06
( 1 + sin θ ) 2
( sec 2 θ + tan 2 θ )
cos 2 θ

30 / 36
Assignment
 ⇒As sec2 θ - tan2 θ = 1
π
sec 2 θdθ
⇒ ∫ 06
( 1 + 2tan θ ) 2

Now put tan θ = t

⇒ sec2 θ dθ = dt
At θ = 0, t = 0
π 1
at θ = 6
,t =
√3
1 dt 1 1 dt
⇒ ∫ 0√3 = 2 ∫ 0√3
( 1 + 2t )
(( ) )
2
1 2
+ t2
√2

()

y
dx 1 x
As ∫ = tan − 1 +C
x2 + a2 a a

nb
[ ( )]
1
1
1 dt 1 1 t √3
⇒ ∫ 3
2 0√
= 2 1 tan − 1 1

ya
(( ) ) 1

√2
2
+ t2 √2 √2
0

√2
() √2
Da s G
= 2
tan − 1
√3

() √2
1 dx 1
⇒ ∫ 02 = tan − 1
( 1 + x ) √1 − x
2 2 √2 √3
c

π cos 2 x
ir
ati

69. Given ∫ 02 dx
ss
cos 2 x + 4sin 2 x
π 2
cos x
Let I = ∫ 02 dx ......(i)
cos x + 4sin 2 x
2
em

π
cos 2 x
⇒ I= ∫ 02 dx
cos 2 x + 4 1 − cos 2 x ( )
π cos 2 x
= ∫ 02 dx
ath

cos 2 x + 4 ( 1 ) − 4cos 2 x ( )
π
cos 2 x
= ∫ 02 dx
4 − 3cos 2 x
1
π 3cos 2 x
M

⋅
3
= ∫ 02 dx
4 − 3cos 2 x
π
1 − 3cos 2 x + 4 − 4
=− ⋅ ∫ 02 dx
3 4 − 3cos 2 x
1 π 4 − 3cos 2 x 1 π 4
=−3 ⋅ ∫ 02 2 dx + 3 ⋅ ∫ 02 dx
4 − 3cos x 4 − 3cos 2 x
1 π 1 π 4
=−3 ⋅ ∫ 02 (1)dx + 3 ⋅ ∫ 02 dx

π π
4−3
( ) 1
sec 2 x

1 1 4sec 2 x
= − 3 ⋅ [x] 02 + ⋅ ∫ 02 dx
3 4sec 2 x − 3

[]
1 π 1 π 4sec 2 x
=−3 ⋅
2
+ 3
⋅ ∫ 02 dx
(
4 1 + tan 2 x − 3 )
π
π 2 2sec 2 x
⇒ I= − + ⋅ ∫ 02 dx
6 3 1 + 4tan 2 x

31 / 36
Assignment
 π
⇒ I= − 6
+ I 1 .....(ii)
First solve for I1:
2 π 2sec 2 x
I1 = ⋅ ∫ 02 dx
3 1 + 4tan 2 x

Let 2 tan x = t ⇒ 2 sec2x dx dt

π
When x = 0 then t = 0 and when x = 2
then t = ∞
π
2 2sec 2 x 2 1
⇒ ⋅ ∫ 02 dx = ⋅ ∫∞
0 dt
3 1 + 4tan 2 x 3 1 + t2
2
[tan t ]
∞
⇒ I1 = −1
3 0

[tan ]
2
= − 1∞ − tan − 10
3

y
2 π
⇒ I1 = ⋅
3 2

nb
π
⇒ I1 = 3
Put this value in equ.(ii)
π π
⇒ I= − 6
+ 3

ya
π
⇒ I= 6
π/4
70. According to question , I = ∫ 0 (√tanx + √cotx)dx
Da s G
π/4
√sin x √cos x sinx cosx
= ∫0 + dx[ ∵
cosx
= tanx and sinx
= cotx]
√cos x √sin x
π / 4 ( sin x + cos x )
= ∫0 dx
√sin xcos x
c

Multiplying and dividing the numerator and denominator with √2 we get ,

ir
ati

π / 4 ( sin x + cos x )
ss
= √2∫ 0 dx
√2sin xcos x
π/4 ( sin x + cos x )
= √2∫ 0 dx
√1 + 2sin xcos x − 1
em

π/4 ( sin x + cos x )

= √2∫ 0 √1 − ( 1 − 2sin xcos x )
dx

π/4 ( sin x + cos x )

= √2∫ 0 dx
√1 − ( sin x − cos x ) 2
ath

Now, put sinx − cosx = t

⇒ (cosx + sinx)dx = dt

Lower limit , x = 0 then t = -1

M

π
Upper limit , x = 4
then t = 0
0 dt
∴ I= √2∫ − 1
√1 − t 2
[sin t ]
0
= −1
√2 −1

= √2 [sin (0) − sin −1 − 1( − 1) ]

= √2 [sin (0) + sin −1 − 1(1)
][ ∵ sin − 1( − x) = − sin − 1(x)]

= √2[ sin − 1[sin(0)] + sin − 1[sin( 2 )]

π
]
√ [ ] π
= 2 0+ 2
[ ∵ sin − 1(sinx) = x]

√ [ ]
π
= 2 2

32 / 36
Assignment
 π/4 π
∴ ∫ 0 (√tanx + √cotx)dx = √2. 2
Hence Proved.
1−x
71. I = ∫ tan − 1
√ 1+x
dx

put x = cosθ
dx = − sinθdθ

I = ∫ tan − 1 √( 1 − cos θ
1 + cos θ ) × − sinθdθ

= ∫ tan − 1
√( ) θ
2sin 2 2
× − sinθdθ

y
θ
2cos 2 2

nb
( ) θ
= ∫ tan − 1 tan 2 (− sinθ)dθ

θ −1
= − ∫ 2 sinθdθ = ∫ θsinθdθ

ya
2
−1
= 2
[θ. (− cosθ) − ∫ 1 × (− cosθ)dθ]
−1
Da s G
= 2
[− θ. cosθ + sinθ] + c

[ √1 − cos 2θ ] + c
−1
= 2
− θ. cosθ +

[ √1 − x 2 ] + c
−1
c

− x. cos − 1x +
= 2
ir
ati

72. Since it is modules function so we need to break the function and then solve it by integral as a limit of sum.
ss
1
1
f(x) = ∫ 03 (1 − 3x)dx+ ∫ 1 (3x − 1)dx
3
em

It is continuous in [0, 1]
1
1
let g(x) = ∫ 03 (1 − 3x)dx and h(x) = ∫ 1 (3x − 1)dx
3
1
ath

g(x) = ∫ 03 (1 − 3x)dx
1
here h =
3n

()
1 1 r
n−1
∫ 03 (1 − 3x)dx = lim n → ∞ ∑ r = 0 f( 3n )
M

3n

= lim n → ∞ ( ) ( ( ))
1
3n
n−1
∑r = 0 1 − 3
r
3n

= lim n → ∞ ( )( 1
3n ) n−
3(n−1) (n)
6n

1 6n 2 − 3n 2 + 3n
= lim n → ∞ 3n 3n
1 3n 2 + 3n
= lim n → ∞ 3n 3n
3n 2 + 3n
= lim n → ∞
9n 2

= lim n → ∞ 3 +
1
()3
9n

1
= 3

33 / 36
Assignment
 1
h(x) = ∫ 1 (3x − 1)dx
3
2
here h = 3n

1
∫ 1 (3x − 1)dx = lim n → ∞
3
( ) (( ) ( )) 2
3n
n−1
∑r = 0 f
1
3
+
2r
3n

= lim n → ∞ ( ) (( ) )
2
3n
n−1
∑r = 0 3
1
3
+
2r
3n
−1

= lim n → ∞
( )( ) 2
3n
(n−1) (n)
n

2 n2 − n
= lim n → ∞ ⋅
3n n
2 n2 − n

y
= lim n → ∞ ⋅
3n n
2n 2 − 2n

nb
= lim n → ∞
3n 2

= lim n → ∞ 3 −
2
() 2
3n

ya
2
= 3
f(x) = g(x) + h(x)
1 2
= (3) + (3)
Da s G
3
= 3
=1
π
c
73. Given, ∫ 0 log(1 + cosx)dx
π
ir
Let, I = ∫ 0 log(1 + cosx)dx .....(i)
ati
ss
{ a
as, ∫ 0 f(x)dx = ∫ 0 f(a − x)dx
a
}
π
I= ∫ 0 log(1 + cos(π − x)dx
em

π
⇒ I= ∫ 0 log(1 − cosx)dx ......(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
π
2I = ∫ 0 {log(1 + cosx) + log(1 − cosx)}dx
ath

( π
)
2I = ∫ 0 log 1 − cos 2x dx

2I = ∫ log (sin x )dx

π 2
0
M

π
2I = ∫ 0 2 ⋅ log(sinx)dx
π
2I = 2 ⋅ ∫ 0 log(sinx)dx
π
I = ∫ 0 log(sinx)dx ......(iii)
2a a
because, ∫ 0 f(x)dx = 2 ⋅ ∫ 0 f(x)dx if f(2a - x) = f(x)
Here, if f(x) = log (sin x) and f(π - x) = log ( sin (π - x))= log (sin x) = f(x)
π
⇒ I = 2 ⋅ ∫ 02 logsinxdx ......(iv)

( )
π π
⇒ I = 2 ⋅ ∫ 02 logsin 2
− x dx
π
⇒ I = 2 ⋅ ∫ 02 logcosxdx ......(v)
Adding (1) and (2), we get
π
⇒ 2I = 2 ⋅ ∫ 02 (logsinx + logcosx)dx
π
⇒ I = ∫ 02 (logsinx + logcosx + log2 − log2)dx

34 / 36
Assignment
 π
⇒ I = ∫ 02 (log(2sinxcosx) − log2)dx

(
π π
⇒ I = ∫ 02 log(sin2x)dx − ∫ 02 log2dx

Let 2x = t ⇒ 2dx = dt
π
When x = 0, t = 0 and when x = 4 , t = π

⇒ I= [1 π
( )
∫ (log(sint)dt]
2 0
−
π
2
log2

⇒ I= [] ( )
2
I
−
π
2
log2

( ) π

y
⇒ I= − 2
log2

nb
⇒ I = − (πlog2)
dx dx
74. Let I = ∫ ( sin x + sin 2x )
=∫ ( sin x + 2sin xcos x )
Put t = cos x

ya
dt = sinx dx
− dt
sin x
= dx
− dt dt dt
I=∫ =∫
Da s G =∫
sin 2 x ( 1 + 2t )
( 1 − cos x ) ( 1 + 2t )
2
( 1 − t ) ( 1 + 2t )
2

t A B C
Now by partial fractions Putting = + +
( 1 − t ) ( 1 + t ) ( 1 + 2t ) 1−t 1+t 1 + 2t

A(1 + t)(1 + 2t) + B(1 - t)(1 + 2t) + C(1 - t2) =1

c

Putting 1 + t = 0
ir
ati

t = -1
ss
A(0) + B(2)(1 - 2) + C(0) = 1
1
B= −
em

2
Putting 1 - t = 0
t=1
A(2) (3) + B(0) + C(0) = 1
1
ath

A= 6
Putting 1 + 2t = 0
1
t= − 2
M

A(0) + B(0) + C 1 − ( ) 1
4
=1
4
C= 3
From equation (1), we get,
1 1 1 1 1 4 1
( 1 − t ) ( 1 + t ) ( 1 + 2t )
= 6
× 1−t
− 2
× 1+t
+ 3
× 1 + 2t
1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1
∫ ( 1 − t ) ( 1 + t ) ( 1 + 2t )
dt = 6
= 6 1−t
∫ dt − 2 ∫ 1 + t dt + 3 ∫ 1 + 2t dt
1 1 2
= 6
log | 1 − t | − 2 log | 1 + t | + 3 log | 1 + 2t | + c
1 1 2
= 6
log | 1 − cosx | − 2 log | 1 + cosx | + 3 log | 1 + 2cosx | + c

75. Let I = ∫
2 1

1 ( ) x
−
1
2x 2
e 2xdx…(i)

Putting 2x = t

35 / 36
Assignment
 dt
⇒ 2= dx
⇒ 2dx = dt
dt
⇒ dx = 2
Limits of integration when x = 1, t = 2 × 1 = 2 and when x = 2, t = 2 × 2 = 4
∴ From eq. (i),

I=∫
4

2
( ) 1
t
2
−
2
1

()
t
2
2
et
dt
2

4 2

( )

y
2 dt
=∫ t
− 2 et 2
2 t

nb
41
= ∫ 2 .2
2 ( ) 1
t
−
1
t2
e tdt

( )
ya
4 1 1
=∫ − e tdt
2
t t2 Da s G
4
{ }
= ∫ f(t) + f ′ (t) e tdt
2

= { e f(t) }
4
t
2

()
c

et
4
ir
=
ati

t
2
ss
e4 e2
= 4
−
2
em

e 4 − 2e 2
= 4
ath
M

36 / 36
Assignment