HCIP-IERS Chapter 2 IS-IS Features and Configurations

return

<R5>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R5

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 10.0.75.5 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.0

ospf network-type broadcast

ospf 1 router-id 10.0.5.5

area 0.0.0.0

authentication-mode md5 1 plain huawei

network 10.0.75.5 0.0.0.0

network 10.0.5.5 0.0.0.0

Return

Chapter 2 IS-IS Features and Configurations

Lab 2-1 IS-IS Configurations

Learning Objectives

The objectives of this lab are to learn and understand:

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 Basic IS-IS configurations

 How to configure the IS-IS designated intermediate system (DIS) priority
 How to configure the IS-IS network type
 How to import external routes into IS-IS
 How to configure the IS-IS interface cost
 How to configure IS-IS route leaking

Topology

Figure 3-1 IS-IS topology

Scenario

IS-IS runs as an IGP in a network. R1 and R5 run in Area 49.0002 as Level-2 routers.
R2, R3, and R4 run in Area 49.0001. R4 is a Level-1 router, while R2 and R3 are
Level-1-2 routers. The requirements are as follows: R4 can use the external routes
imported by R5. R4 connected to S5 functions as the DIS. There is a P2P link between
R1 and R5. Uplink and downlink traffic from R4 to R5 is forwarded through Ethernet
interfaces, and route selection is controlled using the cost and route leaking.
Switches do not require additional configurations and are only responsible for
transparent forwarding.

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Tasks

Step 1 Set basic parameters and configure IP addresses.

Configure IP addresses for all the routers.

[R1]interface loopback 0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.1.1 32

[R1-LoopBack0]quit

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.15.1 24

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.0.13.1 24

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[R1]interface interface Serial1/0/0

[R1-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.0.12.1 24

[R1-Serial1/0/0]quit

[R2]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.2.2 32

[R2-LoopBack0]quit

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.234.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R2]interface Serial1/0/0

[R2-Serial1/0/0]ip address 10.0.12.2 24

[R2-Serial1/0/0]quit

[R3]interface LoopBack 0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.3.3 32

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[R3-LoopBack0]quit

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.234.3 24

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.0.13.3 24

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[R4]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.4.4 32

[R4-LoopBack0]quit

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.234.4 24

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R5]interface LoopBack 0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.5.5 32

[R5-LoopBack0]quit

[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.15.5 24

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

After the configurations are complete, test connectivity from R1 to directly

connected interfaces of R2, R3, and R5.

[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.13.3

PING 10.0.13.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.13.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=1 ms

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--- 10.0.13.3 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.12.2

PING 10.0.12.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=26 ms

--- 10.0.12.2 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 26/26/26 ms

[R1]ping -c 1 10.0.15.5

PING 10.0.15.5: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.15.5: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=1 ms

--- 10.0.15.5 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

Test connectivity from R4 to directly connected interfaces of R2 and R3.

[R4]ping -c 1 10.0.234.2

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PING 10.0.234.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.234.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=1 ms

--- 10.0.234.2 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

[R4]ping -c 1 10.0.234.3

PING 10.0.234.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 10.0.234.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=1 ms

--- 10.0.234.3 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

Step 2 Perform basic IS-IS configurations.

Configure an IS-IS process 1 for each router according to the topology. The following
example configures IS-IS process 1 for R1.

R1 resides in Area 49.0002 and uses network-entity 49.0002.0000.0000.0001.

[R1]isis

[R1-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0000.0000.0001.00

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By default, after an IS-IS process is enabled on a router, the router works in Level-1-2
mode. According to the planning, R1 needs to work in Level-2 mode. Therefore, you
need to change its IS level.

[R1-isis-1]is-level level-2

[R1-isis-1]quit

Enable IS-IS on related interfaces, including loopback interfaces. When no IS-IS

process ID is specified, by default, IS-IS is enabled in IS-IS process 1.

[R1]interface LoopBack 0

[R1-LoopBack0]isis enable

[R1-LoopBack0]quit

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[R1]interface Serial 1/0/0

[R1-Serial1/0/0]isis enable

[R1-Serial1/0/0]quit

On R1, check IS-IS enabling information on interfaces.

[R1]display isis interface

Interface information for ISIS(1)

---------------------------------

Interface Id IPV4.State IPV6.State MTU Type DIS

Loop0 001 Up Down 1500 L1/L2 --

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GE0/0/0 001 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 No/No

GE0/0/1 002 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 No/No

S1/0/0 002 Up Down 1500 L1/L2 --

The preceding command output shows that ISIS(1) has been enabled on a total of
four interfaces, whose IPV4.State field displays Up.

Similarly, configure other routers. R2 and R3 work in Level-1-2 mode, so you do not
need to change their IS levels.

[R2]isis 1

[R2-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00

[R2-isis-1]quit

[R2]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0]isis enable

[R2-LoopBack0]quit

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R2]interface Serial 1/0/0

[R2-Serial1/0/0]isis enable

[R2-Serial1/0/0]quit

On R2, check IS-IS enabling information on interfaces.

[R2]display isis interface

Interface information for ISIS(1)

---------------------------------

Interface Id IPV4.State IPV6.State MTU Type DIS

Loop0 002 Up Down 1500 L1/L2 --

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GE0/0/0 001 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 No/No

S1/0/0 001 Up Down 1500 L1/L2 --

Configure IS-IS on R3.

[R3]isis 1

[R3-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00

[R3-isis-1]quit

[R3]interface LoopBack 0

[R3-LoopBack0]isis enable

[R3-LoopBack0]quit

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

On R3, check IS-IS enabling information on interfaces.

[R3]display isis interface

Interface information for ISIS(1)

---------------------------------

Interface Id IPV4.State IPV6.State MTU Type DIS

Loop0 001 Up Down 1500 L1/L2 --

GE0/0/0 002 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 No/No

GE0/0/1 001 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 No/No

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Configure IS-IS on R4.

[R4]isis 1

[R4-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0004.00

[R4-isis-1]is-level level-1

[R4-isis-1]quit

[R4]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0]isis enable

[R4-LoopBack0]quit

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

On R4, check IS-IS enabling information on interfaces.

[R4]display isis interface

Interface information for ISIS(1)

---------------------------------

Interface Id IPV4.State IPV6.State MTU Type DIS

Loop0 001 Up Down 1500 L1/L2 --

GE0/0/0 001 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 No/No

Configure IS-IS on R5.

[R5]isis 1

[R5-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0000.0000.0005.00

[R5-isis-1]is-level level-2

[R5-isis-1]quit

[R5]interface LoopBack 0

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[R5-LoopBack0]isis enable

[R5-LoopBack0]quit

[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

On R5, check IS-IS enabling information on interfaces.

[R5]display isis interface

Interface information for ISIS(1)

---------------------------------

Interface Id IPV4.State IPV6.State MTU Type DIS

Loop0 001 Up Down 1500 L1/L2 --

GE0/0/0 001 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 No/No

After the configurations are complete, check IS-IS neighbor statuses of routers. The
following example displays the IS-IS neighbor status of R1. R1 has three neighbors:
R2, R3, and R5.

[R1]display isis peer

Peer information for ISIS(1)

System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000.0000.0005 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0005.01 Up 7s L2 64

0000.0000.0003 GE0/0/1 0000.0000.0001.02 Up 21s L2 64

0000.0000.0002 S1/0/0 0000000001 Up 28s L2 --

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Total Peer(s): 3

In the preceding command output, the System Id field is similar to the Router Id
field of other routing protocols. You can see that R2, R3, and R5 are in Up state. Their
IS-IS neighbor relationships with R1 are normal.

Continue to check IS-IS neighbor statuses of other devices.

[R2]display isis peer

Peer information for ISIS(1)

System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000.0000.0001 S1/0/0 0000000001 Up 22s L2 --

0000.0000.0003 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 24s L1(L1L2) 64

0000.0000.0004 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 7s L1 64

0000.0000.0003 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0002.01 Up 26s L2(L1L2) 64

Total Peer(s): 4

[R3]display isis peer

Peer information for ISIS(1)

System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000.0000.0001 GE0/0/1 0000.0000.0001.02 Up 8s L2 64

0000.0000.0002 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 30s L1(L1L2) 64

0000.0000.0004 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 7s L1 64

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0000.0000.0002 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0002.01 Up 9s L2(L1L2) 64

Total Peer(s): 4

[R4]display isis peer

Peer information for ISIS(1)

System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000.0000.0003 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 29s L1 64

0000.0000.0002 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 23s L1 64

Total Peer(s): 2

[R5]display isis peer

Peer information for ISIS(1)

System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000.0000.0001 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0005.01 Up 29s L2 64

Total Peer(s): 1

Step 3 Change the DIS priority.

R2, R3, and R4 establish IS-IS neighbor relationships in a broadcast network.

Therefore, the DIS needs to be elected. By default, the DIS priority is 64. If these

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routers have the same DIS priority, the router with the highest MAC address
becomes the DIS. To ensure that R4 becomes the DIS, change its DIS priority.

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis dis-priority 120

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R4]display isis interface

Interface information for ISIS(1)

---------------------------------

Interface Id IPV4.State IPV6.State MTU Type DIS

GE0/0/0 001 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 Yes/No

Loop0 001 Up Down 1500 L1/L2 –

Check DIS priorities of neighbors on R2 and R3.

[R2]display isis peer

Peer information for ISIS(1)

System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000.0000.0001 S1/0/0 0000000001 Up 29s L2 --

0000.0000.0003 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 25s L1(L1L2) 64

0000.0000.0004 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 8s L1 120

0000.0000.0003 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0002.01 Up 20s L2(L1L2) 64

Total Peer(s): 4

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[R3]display isis peer

Peer information for ISIS(1)

System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000.0000.0001 GE0/0/1 0000.0000.0001.02 Up 8s L2 64

0000.0000.0002 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 22s L1(L1L2) 64

0000.0000.0004 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0004.01 Up 7s L1 120

0000.0000.0002 GE0/0/0 0000.0000.0002.01 Up 8s L2(L1L2) 64

Total Peer(s): 4

Step 4 Configure the IS-IS network type.

In a broadcast network, by default, an IS-IS router sets the circuit-type of interfaces

to broadcast and participates in DIS election. In the topology, the Ethernet between
R1 and R5 has only two routers. You can set the circuit-type of interfaces between
the two routers to P2P for optimization.

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis circuit-type p2p

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis circuit-type p2p

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

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During the change of the circuit-type, neighbor relationships are established again.
Check the configuration. The Circuit Id field format changes and the Circuit
Parameters field displays p2p. The following uses the display of R1 as an example.

[R1]display isis peer

Peer information for ISIS(1)

System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0000.0000.0005 GE0/0/0 0000000002 Up 22s L2 --

0000.0000.0003 GE0/0/1 0000.0000.0001.02 Up 27s L2 64

0000.0000.0002 S1/0/0 0000000001 Up 22s L2 --

[R1]display isis interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 verbose

Interface information for ISIS(1)

---------------------------------

Interface Id IPV4.State IPV6.State MTU Type DIS

GE0/0/0 003 Up Down 1497 L1/L2 --

Circuit MT State : Standard

Circuit Parameters : p2p

Description : HUAWEI, AR Series, GigabitEthernet0/0/0 Interface

SNPA Address : d0d0-4b03-d3fc

IP Address : 10.0.15.1

IPV6 Link Local Address :

IPV6 Global Address(es) :

Csnp Timer Value : L12 10

Hello Timer Value : 10

DIS Hello Timer Value :

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Hello Multiplier Value : 3

Cost : L1 10 L2 10

Ipv6 Cost : L1 10 L2 10

Retransmit Timer Value : L12 5

LSP-Throttle Timer : L12 50

Bandwidth-Value : Low 100000000 High 0

Static Bfd : NO

Dynamic Bfd : NO

Fast-Sense Rpr : NO

Extended-Circuit-Id Value : 0000000003

Step 5 Configure IS-IS to import external routes.

Before importing external routes into IS-IS, check current route learning. The
following command output shows that traffic from R1 to R4 is load balanced
between GE0/0/1 and S1/0/0.

[R1]display isis route

Route information for ISIS(1)

-----------------------------

ISIS(1) Level-2 Forwarding Table

--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.4.4/32 20 NULL GE0/0/1 10.0.13.3 A/-/-/-

S1/0/0 10.0.12.2

10.0.5.5/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.5 A/-/-/-

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10.0.12.0/24 10 NULL S1/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.13.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/1 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.234.0/24 20 NULL S1/0/0 10.0.12.2 A/-/-/-

GE0/0/1 10.0.13.3

10.0.15.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.1.1/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.2.2/32 10 NULL S1/0/0 10.0.12.2 A/-/-/-

10.0.3.3/32 10 NULL GE0/0/1 10.0.13.3 A/-/-/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

[R1]display ip routing-table protocol isis

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : ISIS

Destinations : 5 Routes : 7

ISIS routing table status : <Active>

Destinations : 5 Routes : 7

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.12.2 Serial1/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

10.0.4.4/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.12.2 Serial1/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.15.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.234.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.12.2 Serial1/0/0

ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

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ISIS routing table status : <Inactive>

Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

R2 is a Level-1-2 router and so generates different routes for Level-1 and Level-2
routers. For Level-1 router, it generates a default route pointing to the null interface.
This situation also exists on R3.

[R2]display isis route

Route information for ISIS(1)

-----------------------------

ISIS(1) Level-1 Forwarding Table

--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.0.0.0/0 10 NULL

10.0.4.4/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.4 A/-/L/-

10.0.12.0/24 10 NULL S1/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.13.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/L/-

10.0.234.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.2.2/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.3.3/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/L/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

ISIS(1) Level-2 Forwarding Table

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--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.4.4/32 20 NULL

10.0.5.5/32 20 NULL S1/0/0 10.0.12.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.12.0/24 10 NULL S1/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.13.0/24 20 NULL

10.0.234.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.15.0/24 20 NULL S1/0/0 10.0.12.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.1.1/32 10 NULL S1/0/0 10.0.12.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.2.2/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.3.3/32 10 NULL

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

[R2]display ip routing-table protocol isis

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : ISIS

Destinations : 6 Routes : 6

ISIS routing table status : <Active>

Destinations : 6 Routes : 6

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

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10.0.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

10.0.13.0/24 ISIS-L1 5 20 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.12.1 Serial1/0/0

ISIS routing table status : <Inactive>

Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

[R3]display isis route

Route information for ISIS(1)

-----------------------------

ISIS(1) Level-1 Forwarding Table

--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.0.0.0/0 10 NULL

10.0.4.4/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.4 A/-/L/-

10.0.12.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.2 A/-/L/-

10.0.13.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/1 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.234.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.2.2/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.2 A/-/L/-

10.0.3.3/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

ISIS(1) Level-2 Forwarding Table

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--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.4.4/32 20 NULL

10.0.5.5/32 20 NULL GE0/0/1 10.0.13.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.12.0/24 20 NULL

10.0.13.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/1 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.234.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.15.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/1 10.0.13.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.1.1/32 10 NULL GE0/0/1 10.0.13.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.2.2/32 10 NULL

10.0.3.3/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

[R3]display ip routing-table protocol isis

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : ISIS

Destinations : 6 Routes : 6

ISIS routing table status : <Active>

Destinations : 6 Routes : 6

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

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10.0.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

10.0.12.0/24 ISIS-L115 20 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.0/24 ISIS-L215 20 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ISIS routing table status : <Inactive>

Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

R4 is a Level-1 router and can only establish IS-IS neighbor relationships with Level-1
or Level-1-2 routers in the same area. By default, a Level-1 router cannot learn
routing information of Level-2 routers and can only access external networks
through default routes. The following command output shows that R4 has two
default routes pointing to R2 and R3, and the two routes work in load balancing
mode.

[R4]display isis route

Route information for ISIS(1)

-----------------------------

ISIS(1) Level-1 Forwarding Table

--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.0.0.0/0 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/-

GE0/0/0 10.0.234.2

10.0.4.4/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.12.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.2 A/-/-/-

10.0.13.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/-

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10.0.234.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.2.2/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.2 A/-/-/-

10.0.3.3/3 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

[R4]display ip routing protocol isis

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : ISIS

Destinations : 5 Routes : 6

ISIS routing table status : <Active>

Destinations : 5 Routes : 6

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.12.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.13.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ISIS routing table status : <Inactive>

Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

Before configuring IS-IS to import external routes, check route learning.

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[R5]display isis route

Route information for ISIS(1)

-----------------------------

ISIS(1) Level-2 Forwarding Table

--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

10.0.4.4/32 30 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.5.5/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.12.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.13.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.234.0/24 30 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.15.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.1.1/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.2.2/32 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.3.3/32 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

[R5]display ip routing-table protocol isis

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : ISIS

Destinations : 7 Routes : 7

ISIS routing table status : <Active>

Destinations : 7 Routes : 7

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Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

10.0.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.4.4/32 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.12.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.13.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.234.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 10.0.15.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ISIS routing table status : <Inactive>

Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

Create new loopback interfaces on R5 and import direct routes into the Level-2
routing table in IS-IS process 1.

[R5]interface LoopBack 1

[R5-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24

[R5-LoopBack1]quit

[R5]interface LoopBack 2

[R5-LoopBack2]ip address 192.168.2.1 24

[R5-LoopBack2]quit

[R5]interface LoopBack 3

[R5-LoopBack3]ip address 192.168.3.1 24

[R5-LoopBack3]quit

[R5]isis

[R5-isis-1]import-route direct level-2

[R5-isis-1]quit

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Check IS-IS routes of R5.

[R5]display isis route

Route information for ISIS(1)

-----------------------------

ISIS(1) Level-2 Forwarding Table

--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.4.4/32 30 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.5.5/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.12.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.13.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.234.0/24 30 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.15.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.1.1/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.2.2/32 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

10.0.3.3/32 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.1 A/-/-/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

ISIS(1) Level-2 Redistribute Table

----------------------------------

Type IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost Tag

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

D 192.168.1.0/24 0 0

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D 192.168.2.0/24 0 0

D 192.168.3.0/24 0 0

Type: D-Direct, I-ISIS, S-Static, O-OSPF, B-BGP, R-RIP, U-UNR

Check the IS-IS routing table of R4 again. No changes are found. This is because
Level-2 routes are not leaked into Level-1 routers by default. R4 can access
192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.2.0/24, and 192.168.3.0/24 through default routes.

[R4]display ip routing-table protocol isis

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : ISIS

Destinations : 5 Routes : 6

ISIS routing table status : <Active>

Destinations : 5 Routes : 6

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.12.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.13.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ISIS routing table status : <Inactive>

Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

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[R4]ping -c 1 192.168.1.1

PING 192.168.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=14 ms

--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 14/14/14 ms

[R4]ping -c 1 192.168.2.1

PING 192.168.2.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 192.168.2.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=13 ms

--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 13/13/13 ms

[R4]ping -c 1 192.168.3.1

PING 192.168.3.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=1 ms

--- 192.168.3.1 ping statistics ---

1 packet(s) transmitted

1 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

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round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

Step 6 Change the IS-IS interface cost.

By default, the IS-IS interface cost is 10, which is not automatically calculated based
on the bandwidth. For R1, traffic destined for R4 is load balanced between R2 and R3.
R1 and R2 are connected using Serial interfaces, which have low bandwidth and are
prone to bandwidth bottlenecks. Therefore, you can change the IS-IS interface cost
to control route selection of R1.

Increase the outbound interface cost.

[R1]interface Serial 1/0/0

[R1-Serial1/0/0]isis cost 15

[R1-Serial1/0/0]quit

[R1]display isis route

Route information for ISIS(1)

-----------------------------

ISIS(1) Level-2 Forwarding Table

--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.4.4/32 20 NULL GE0/0/1 10.0.13.3 A/-/-/-

10.0.5.5/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.15.5 A/-/-/-

192.168.1.0/24 10 0 GE0/0/0 10.0.15.5 A/-/-/-

10.0.12.0/24 15 NULL S1/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

192.168.2.0/24 10 0 GE0/0/0 10.0.15.5 A/-/-/-

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10.0.13.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/1 Direct D/-/L/-

192.168.3.0/24 10 0 GE0/0/0 10.0.15.5 A/-/-/-

10.0.234.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/1 10.0.13.3 A/-/-/-

10.0.15.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.1.1/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.2.2/32 15 NULL S1/0/0 10.0.12.2 A/-/-/-

10.0.3.3/32 10 NULL GE0/0/1 10.0.13.3 A/-/-/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

The preceding command output shows that traffic from R1 to R4 is forwarded

through Ethernet interfaces.

Step 7 Configure IS-IS route leaking.

Observe data forwarding on R4. R4 does not know Level-2 network information and
forwards data to R2 and R3 for load balancing. If you do not want R4 to use the link
between R2 and R1, configure route leaking to import Level-2 routes into Level-1.
According to the longest match principle, R3 forwards packets destined for R5.

Before performing a tracert operation, enable interface unreachable response on R5.

By default, interface unreachable response is disabled. If it is disabled, the last hop
will expire.

Before interface unreachable response is enabled:

[R4]tracert 192.168.1.1

traceroute to 192.168.1.1(192.168.1.1), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break

1 10.0.234.2 2 ms 10.0.234.3 2 ms 10.0.234.2 2 ms

2 10.0.13.1 11 ms 10.0.12.1 9 ms 10.0.13.1 11 ms

3 * * *

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After interface unreachable response is enabled on R5:

[R5]icmp port-unreachable send

[R4]tracert 192.168.1.1

traceroute to 192.168.1.1(192.168.1.1), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break

1 10.0.234.2 2 ms 10.0.234.3 2 ms 10.0.234.2 2 ms

2 10.0.13.1 2 ms 10.0.12.1 9 ms 10.0.13.1 1 ms

3 192.168.1.1 8 ms 1 ms 9 ms

The preceding command output shows that tracert packets sent each time are load
balanced between two next-hop addresses and then reach R5. You can enable route
leaking on R3 to make R3 become the preferred next hop.

[R3]isis

[R3-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1

[R3-isis-1]quit

[R4]display isis route

Route information for ISIS(1)

-----------------------------

ISIS(1) Level-1 Forwarding Table

--------------------------------

IPV4 Destination IntCost ExtCost ExitInterface NextHop Flags

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.0.0.0/0 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/-

GE0/0/0 10.0.234.2

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10.0.4.4/32 0 NULL Loop0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.5.5/32 30 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/U

192.168.1.0/24 10 20 GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/U

10.0.12.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.2 A/-/-/-

192.168.2.0/24 10 20 GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/U

10.0.13.0/24 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/-

192.168.3.0/24 10 20 GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/U

10.0.234.0/24 10 NULL GE0/0/0 Direct D/-/L/-

10.0.15.0/24 30 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/U

10.0.1.1/32 20 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/U

10.0.2.2/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.2 A/-/-/-

10.0.3.3/32 10 NULL GE0/0/0 10.0.234.3 A/-/-/-

Flags: D-Direct, A-Added to URT, L-Advertised in LSPs, S-IGP Shortcut,

U-Up/Down Bit Set

[R4]display ip routing-table protocol isis

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Public routing table : ISIS

Destinations : 11 Routes : 12

ISIS routing table status : <Active>

Destinations : 11 Routes : 12

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.1.1/32 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

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10.0.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.3.3/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.5.5/32 ISIS-L1 15 30 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.12.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 10.0.234.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.13.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

10.0.15.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 30 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

192.168.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 94 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

192.168.2.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 94 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

192.168.3.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 94 D 10.0.234.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ISIS routing table status : <Inactive>

Destinations : 0 Routes : 0

[R4]tracert 192.168.1.1

traceroute to 192.168.1.1(192.168.1.1), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break

1 10.0.234.3 2 ms 1 ms 1 ms

2 10.0.13.1 2 ms 2 ms 2 ms

3 192.168.1.1 1 ms 1 ms 2 ms

The preceding tracert operation proves the impact of route leaking on IS-IS route
selection.

----End

Device Configurations
<R1>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R1

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isis 1

is-level level-2

network-entity 49.0002.0000.0000.0001.00

interface Serial1/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.12.1 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

isis cost 15

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 10.0.15.1 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

isis circuit-type p2p

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 10.0.13.1 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.255

isis enable 1

return

<R2>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

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sysname R2

isis 1

network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0002.00

interface Serial1/0/0

link-protocol ppp

ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 10.0.234.2 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.255

isis enable 1

return

<R3>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R3

isis 1

network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00

import-route isis level-2 into level-1

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interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 10.0.234.3 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 10.0.13.3 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.255

isis enable 1

return

<R4>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R4

isis 1

is-level level-1

network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0004.00

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 10.0.234.4 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

isis dis-priority 120

interface LoopBack0

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ip address 10.0.4.4 255.255.255.255

isis enable 1

return

<R5>display current-configuration

[V200R007C00SPC600]

sysname R5

icmp port-unreachable send

isis 1

is-level level-2

network-entity 49.0002.0000.0000.0005.00

import-route direct

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 10.0.15.5 255.255.255.0

isis enable 1

isis circuit-type p2p

interface LoopBack0

ip address 10.0.5.5 255.255.255.255

isis enable 1

interface LoopBack1

ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

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interface LoopBack2

ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack3

ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

return

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