EMPLOYABILITY SKILL

UNIT 1-

COMMUNICATION SKILL I

(PART – 1)

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 SESSION 1 : INTRODUCTION TO
COMMUNICATION
❑ The word 'communication' has come from the word 'communis' of Latin which
means 'common' .
❑ This simply means communication is exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions
between two or more than two individuals to create a common ground of
understanding .
❑ The communication skills are required to express your thoughts and feelings in all
our relationships whether personal or professional .

❑ It involves at least two persons i.e., a sender and a receiver. The sender develops
and transmits a message to the receiver.
❑ Whereas, the receiver, receives the message, interprets it and responds or acts
accordingly.
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SEVEN ELEMENTS OFCOMMUNICIATION

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Communication as a Process :-
So now as it is clear, that the goal of communication is to convey
information. The creation of message to be communicated,
transmission of the message, understanding of that message by
the receiver and its feedback – completes the communication
cycle.
1. SENDER – A sender transmits a message through a channel to the receiver. The
figure given below explains it very clearly.
The sender first develops an idea to communicate, which is composed into a

message and then transmitted to the other person, who interprets the
message and receives the meaning.

Developing a message is known as encoding. Interpreting the message is

referred to as decoding.

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 2. FEEDBACK – Feedback is important element in the process of communication.
When two or more people communicate, the process of communication is
generally two way.

When a person receives a message, he/she responds to it by giving a reply.

Otherwise, the sender won’t be able to know whether the receiver has
properly interpreted the message or not.

This is known as Feedback.

•3. COMMON UNDERSTANDING – A critical factor in measuring the
effectiveness of
• a communication common understanding.
• Understanding exists when all parties involved in the process of
communication have a mutual agreement on not only the information, but
also the meaning of the information.
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 MODES OF COMMUNICATION

Modes of
Communication

Verbal Non - Verbal Written Visual

❑ Communication can happen in any of the following modes:-

1. Verbal Communication (Oral, face to face, or on telephone, or classroom

teaching)

2. Non – Verbal Communication (Body language or eye contact or gestures)

3. Written Communication (Letters, notes, email, SMS, books or newspapers)
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4. Visual Communication (Images, graphs or maps)
1. Verbal Communication
1. It is the communication used for sharing information by speaking words.
2. It is one of the most important method of communication because if you do
not use the right words you will not be able to communicate well.

3. The verbal communication can happen either in the form of

face to face
conversation or by talking on a phone.
4. This type of communication can be personal and professional.

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1. Non – Verbal Communication
1. It is the exchange of information between two or more
individuals using eye contact, facial expressions, gestures,
touch etc. but without any spoken or written word.

2. Non – verbal communication does not follow any rule like

other forms of communication.

3. Your facial expressions, gestures, body movements etc.

communicate your feelings

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3. Written Communication
1. This type of communication involves written or typed text.
2. The different forms of written communication are writing letters, notes, email,

SMS.

3. This kind of message can be sent to a person or a group of persons

through a mobile phone (SMS) or internet (E-mail) to share
news, thoughts, documents, files, books and newspapers

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4. Visual Communication
1. The communication done through images, pictures, graphic
designs,
illustrations, animations etc. is called Visual communication.
magazines, animated movies, interactive web design, short films,
2. This communication can take place in the form of book, print media,
designs for advertisements, promotion package design etc. 12

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 SESSION 4 : PERSPECTIVES IN
COMMUNICATION

❑ Factors affecting perspectives - in the process of communication, there are

certain barriers or factors that affect our communication skills. These barriers
stops us from sharing and understanding messages clearly.

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17/06/2022 (Created by Ms.JulieP)
SESSION 4 : PERSPECTIVES IN
COMMUNICATION

Personal Language Past

Factors Experience

Factors affecting
Culture Perspectives in Visual
Variations Communication Perception

Environment Feelings
Prejudice
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1. Language - Language can act as a barrier in communication when

incorrect words or unfamiliar language is used. For example if we are

communicating in English and the person to whom we are communicating
doesn't know English, it

becomes a barrier.
2. Visual perception - It is the brain's ability to perceive or understand what

we see through our eyes. For example completing incomplete pictures

using our visual perception

3. Past experience - Sometimes our past experience may change the

communication perspective, in such a manner that we may stop

communicating or understanding other persons ideas or opinions. For
example getting less marks in a subject might stop a student from asking
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any questions in that class.
6. Feelings - Our feelings thoughts and emotions sometimes create a

situation of distrust or lack of interest which may result in poor

communication. For example a student suffering from fever might lose
interest in studies and doesn't want to

talk.
7. Environment - The communication process is disturbed if there is a

noise or disturbance in our surroundings. For example, talking to a

friend in a party where there is a loud music being played on the
orchestra.

8. Culture variations - Culture can give rise to certain misconception. For

example, wearing black outfit on a festival day may not be liked by

ineffective.
some people but in other culture black outfit may be mandatory.
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EMPLOYABILITY SKILL

UNIT 1-

COMMUNICATION SKILL I

(PART – 2)

16
 SESSION 5 : BASIC WRITING SKILLS

❑ Communicating in written form is the most effective way to convey you

message.
❑ Written communication requires time to shape your message before
sending.
❑ This makes written communication formal in nature.
❑ Writing messages needs care since they can be used as evidence and are
the proof of any commitments we make.

❑ An effective written communication needs suitable vocabulary, suitable

sequence
of ideas, right flow of language and cohesion in overall message.
❑ Basic writing skills can be developed by working on a basic idea first.
❑ The command on the language of communication is a must . If it is not17there
 SESSION 1 : BASIC WRITING SKILLS

❑ Basic writing skills involve ability to :

1. Understand and use basic grammar.
2. Describe people, situations, experiences, weather, incidents
etc.
3. Framing simple, short sentences .
4. Expressing feelings, ideas. likes, dislikes etc.
5. Beginning or opening the piece of writing.
6. Ending or concluding the piece of writing.
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 SESSION 5: BASICS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Phrases: A set of words that indicates some object or action but does not makes complete
sense is called a phrase while a group of words that makes complete sense is called a
sentence. A phrase is a part of a sentence.

For example :
Phrase: a red bicycle Sentence: Lata is riding a red bicycle .

Phrase: is sitting Sentence: The monkey is sitting on the tree .

Types of Phrase

1. Phrases can be :noun

Noun phrase phrase,
Indicates verb phrase,
a noun. E.g. Theadjective
child is phrase,
playing adverbial andcar.
with his toy prepositional.

2. Verb phrase : Indicates main and helping verbs. E.g. He is eating his lunch.
3. Adjective Phrase : Includes adjectives and/or articles. E.g. Keep this red hat on the metal
chair.
4. Adverb Phrase : Indicates adverbs. E.g. The thief jumped though the window very quietly.
5. Prepositional Phrase : Begins with prepositions followed by the noun. E.g. The cat is under
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the hat.
Types of Sentences: Each word in the English language belongs to a
particular class or part of speech. There are eight parts of speech in English
grammar.

Interjections Pronouns
Nouns

Parts of Speech Adjectives

Conjunctions

Prepositions Verbs
Adverbs
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 NOUN PRONOUN
Refers to a word used in place of a noun phrase to
Refers to a word that is used to name a thing, an
avoid repetition.
animal, a place or an idea.
Ex: I, you, it, we, us, them, those, he, she, her, him.
Ex: Mohit, London, Table, hope.
I want her to dance with me.
Ram uses a blue pen to write letters.
ADJECTIVE VERB
Refers to a word that describes, modifies or gives more Refers to a word that shows an action or a state of
information about a noun or a pronoun. being. It can show what someone is doing or did.
Ex: cold, happy, young, two, fun. Ex: go, speaking, lives, been, is.
The little girl has a pink hat. Listen to the word and then repeat it.

ADVERB PREPOSITION
Refers to a word that modifies the meaning of a verb, Refers to a word that shows the relationship of a noun,
an adjective or another adverb, expressing manner, noun phrase or pronoun to another word.
place, time or degree. Ex: at, on, in, from, with, about.
Ex: slowly, very slowly, well, too. I left my keys on the table for you.
Yesterday, I ate my lunch quickly.
CONJUNCTION INTERJECTION
Refers to a word that joins two words, ideas or phrases
together and shows how they are connected. Refers to a word or phrase that expresses a strong
Ex: and, or, but, because, until, if. emotion. They are usually followed by an exclamation
I was feeling cold and tired but still finished my work. sign.
Ex: Ouch! Hey! Wow! Oh! Ugh!

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 ARTICLES: An article is a word used to modify a noun, which is

a person, place, object or idea. There are two different types of

articles that are used in writing and conversation.

1. Indefinite Article
2. Definite Article

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1. Indefinite Article - A and AN - ' A ' and ' An ' are the two forms
of the indefinite article. These articles are used before Singular
Countable Nouns ( SCN ). The main function of the indefinite
articles is to indicate that the noun they precede does not
refer to any particular person or thing, Usually, these articles
are used to introduce new concepts. For example, ‘a teacher'
refers to any teacher and not a specific teacher.

2. Definite Article - THE - definite article, 'the' can be used with

both countable nouns
- singular as well as plural - and uncountable nouns. Its main
use is to specify a person, place, or thing. It is used when the
noun that follows is already known. Example : There is a duster
on my desk. Get me the duster . 24
 SESSION 3: PARAGRAPH WRITING

1. In the English language, the fundamental unit of composition is

a paragraph.
2. A paragraph consists of several sentences that are grouped
together and discusses one main subject.
3. Thus, a paragraph is essentially a collection of sentences that
all relate to one central topic.
4. Before you begin writing your paragraph, you must have a clear
idea of what the paragraph is going to be about, i.e., you
should have a topic to write on.
5. Without a definite idea of what the main topic is, your paragraph
will lack focus, clarity, and unity. 25
HOW TO WRITE A GOOD PARAGRAPH

Listed below are some of the sections you must take care of , when writing a
paragraph.
1. Topic of Paragraph - First, decide the topic about which you are going to
write the paragraph.

2. Introduction/Topic Sentence - Make one sentence that tells about the

topic which
will feature in the rest of the paragraph. This is called a ‘topic sentence’.
3. Support/Explanation - After stating the topic sentence, provide information
in 7-8 sentences to explain and clarify more about the topic.

4. Conclusion - After illustrating your point with relevant information, add a

concluding
sentence that summarises, the points made in the paragraph.
5. Proofread - The last step in writing a good paragraph is proofreading and
revision . Before submitting , look over your writing at least one more time .
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 RULES FOR WRITING A PARAGRAPH
❑ Give the paragraph unity
❑ Keep the paragraph short
❑ Make use of topic sentences
❑ Leave out unnecessary details
❑ Give the paragraph movement
❑ End the paragraph with a concluding sentence
❑ A paragraph is usually judged on the following criteria:
❑ 1. Introduction ( including Title )
❑ 2. Support/Explanation
This is further divided into:
Content
Expression ( Fluency , Grammar , and Spelling) Sequencing
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3. Conclusion
Keep Learning !

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