IMPORTANT PORTIONS FROM EACH CHAPTER OF CHEMISTRY
1. SOME BASIC CONCEPT OF CHEMISTRY:
i) Significant figure
ii) Law of chemical combination
iii) Mole concept
iv) Empirical formula and molecular formula
v) Stoichiometric calculation
vi) Mass percent, mole fraction, molarity and molality
2. STRUCTURE OF ATOM:
i) Rutherford’s nuclear model of atoms(experiment, observation, conclusion and
drawbacks)
ii) Bohr’s model of atom : postulates and drawback
iii) Planck’s quantum theory and its energy equation
iv) Wave characteristics(wavelength, wave number, frequency and velocity)
v) de- Broglie wave equation
vi) Hydrogen spectrum and different series of H- spectrum
vii) Quantum numbers : principal, azimuthal, magnetic and spin
viii) Aufbau’s principle, pauli’s exclusion principle and hund’s rule
ix) Electronic configuration of atoms and ions
3. CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES:
i) Modern periodic table: periods, group and blocks
ii) Atomic radius: definition, variation in group and period and exceptions
iii) Electronegativity: definition, variation in group and period
iv) Electron affinity: definition, variation in group and period and exceptions
v) Ionization enthalpy: definition, variation in group and period and exceptions
4. CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE:
i) Ionic bond: definition, factors, characteristics and example
ii) Covalent bond: definition, factors, characteristics and example
iii) Lewis electron dot structure of different compounds
iv) VSEPR theory: geometry, bond angle, hybridization of different molecules.
v) Sigma bond and pi bond with examples
vi) Hybridization : definition, sp,sp2,sp3 hybridization explanation with proper
examples
vii) MOT: molecular orbital diagram for nitrogen and oxygen molecule with
electronic configuration, magnetic property, bond order
viii) Hydrogen bond : definition , types( intermolecular and intramolecular H-
bonding) with examples.
5. THERMODYNAMICS:
i) Types of system
ii) State functions and path functions
iii) State variables
iv) Intensive and extensive property
v) Internal energy
vi) Enthalpy
vii) Entropy
viii) First law of thermodynamics
ix) Hess’ s law statement with proper example explanation
x) Relation between gibb’s energy, enthalpy and entropy
6. EQUILIBRIUM:
i) Law of mass action statement and relation between kp and kc.
ii) Homogenous and heterogenous equilibria
iii) Le- Chatelier’s principle and factors
iv) Acids , bases and salts( Arrhenius concept, Bronsted – Lowry concept and
Lewis concept)
v) Ionic product of water
vi) pH scale
vii) buffer solution and types
viii) hydrolysis of salts
ix) solubility product
x) Ionization of weak acids and bases
7. REDOX REACTION:
i) Oxidation and reduction different definition with examples
ii) Reducing agent and oxidizing agent
iii) Oxidation number
iv) Reaction balancing: oxidation number method, ion electron method
v) Types of redox reaction with examples
8. BASIC CONCEPTS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY:
i) IUPAC nomenclature
ii) Electrophile and nucleophile
iii) Carbocations, carbanions and free radicals : stability order, reactivity order,
geometry, bond angle
iv) Inductive effect: + I, - I efect
v) Resonance effect: + R and -R effect( resonating structures of chlorobenzene,
phenol, aniline, anisole, nitro benzene, benzoic acid)
vi) Hyperconjugation
vii) Structural isomerism
9. HYDROCARBONS:
i) Preparation properties of alkanes(with equation)
ii) Confirmation isomerism of alkanes
iii) Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes
iv) Preparation properties of alkenes(with equation)
v) Geometrical isomerism of alkenes
vi) Markovnikov’s and anti markovnikov’ s addition mechanism
vii) Preparation properties of acetylene(with eqations)
viii) Acidic nature of acetylene
ix) Preparation and properties of benzene
x) Electrophilic substitution reactions of benzene
xi) Conversion of organic compounds (only from NCERT)
