Gyan Bharati School

Saket, New Delhi

Date of uploading: 8.9.2021
Lesson Plan
Name of the Teacher: Mrs Renu Sukheja
Class and Section: M1-A, B, C, D & E
Subject: Science
Name of the Chapter: Chapter 13: Fun with magnets
Time schedule for the coverage of the chapter: 6.9.21 to 16.9.21
Learning objectives:
Learners will be able to:
1. Understand the concept of magetism.
2. Understand the difference between magnetic and non-magnetic substances .
3. To understand the properties of a magnet and about its poles.
4. Make their own magnet.
5. Make a magnetic compass.
Learning Strategies:
1. Read the chapter from NCERT book and understand the notes uploaded.
2. Go through the following video clips to have a better understanding of the chapter.
A)https://youtu.be/S0PjMOusfRQ
B)https://youtu.be/DvncJcjo4D8
C)https://youtu.be/BoPztJMCe0Y

3. The entire activity work should be done in the science notebook (one notebook both
side ruled). However, in case a notebook is unavailable, use loose sheets to do the
activities.
4. The assignment should be done in the worksheet only and in case a printer is not
available, do the assignment on loose sheets.
Instructions for online classes:
1. Before beginning of the online class, the student should have at least read the chapter
or the notes.
2. The student should have a rough notebook and pen/pencil to note down important
points and doubts which they can ask when permitted by the teacher.
3. Follow all the instructions given to you regarding safety security and other issues for
online classes
 Notes Chapter 13 Fun with Magnets
Natural Magnet: Magnetite is called natural magnet.
Uses of a Magnet: A magnet finds its use at a number of places. For example,
refrigerator’s door, some pencil boxes, many toys, magnetic stickers, soap stand, pin
stand, all make use of a magnet for their functioning.

Shapes of Magnets: Magnets are made of different materials and in different shapes.

Effect of a magnet on materials: A magnet attracts certain materials, whereas some

do not get attracted towards magnet.
Magnetic materials: The materials which get attracted towards the magnet are known
as magnetic materials, e.g., iron, nickel, cobalt.
Non-magnetic materials: The materials which are not attracted towards the magnet
are known as non-magnetic materials, e.g., leather, plastic, cloth, paper. Magnetic
poles: Magnetic attraction is maximum near the ends of the magnet. These ends are
called magnetic poles.
When suspended freely, magnet always aligns in north-south (N-S) direction.

Lode stone: It was a stone used by sailors in olden days to identify directions when
they were in sea.
Compass: This is a small glass case containing a magnetised needle pivoted on a nail.
The needle can rotate freely. Wherever it is kept, its needle always rests in north-south
direction. Normally the north-pole of the needle is painted red or some other indication
is given to identify north and south-poles. So using this needle, north and south can be
identified.

Attraction between two poles: Opposite poles of two magnets attract each other. It is
called attraction.
Repulsion between two poles: Similar poles of two magnets repel each other. It is
called repulsion.

Magnetic effect can pass through screen: Magnetic influence can pass through
screens of some substances like cloth, plastic, paper, glass, etc.
Magnets lose their properties if they are heated, hammered or dropped strongly and
hardly.

To keep them safe, bar magnets should be kept in pairs with their unlike poles on the
same side. They must be separated by a piece of wood while two pieces of soft iron
should be placed across their ends. For horse-shoe magnet, orfe should keep a piece of
iron across the poles.

Compass: This is a small glass case containing a magnetised needle pivoted on a nail.
The needle can rotate freely and always rests in north-south direction.
Magnet: A magnet is a metallic object which attracts iron or magnetic things. Magnetite:
It is an ore of iron which has magnetic properties.
North pole: When suspended freely, one pole of the magnet always points towards
north. This is known as north-pole.
South pole: When suspended freely, the end of a magnet points towards south. This is
known as south-pole.
Look at the pictures shown below. Put a V’ mark against the object that you think would
stick to a magnet and ‘x’ against the objects that would not stick to a magnet.

Let us now learn more about magnets. Answers : 1. False, 2. True, 3.True, 4.False,
5.False, 6.True.
Discovery Of Magnets
According to a legend, the first magnet was discovered by a Greek shepherd named
Magnes. It is said that the nails in his shoes and the iron tip of his staff got stuck to a
large black rock on which he was standing. Greeks named this strange type of rock
‘magnetite’. The Chinese also knew about magnets. Ancient Chinese sailors used
magnets for navigation.
Magnets
Magnets are made of materials that attract objects made of certain substances like iron,
cobalt, and nickel.
Magnets come in various shapes and sizes (Fig. 12.1). They can be found as
horseshoe, ring, cylindrical, or bar shape.
Not all objects are attracted to magnets. Objects that are attracted by a magnet are said
to be magnetic, e.g., iron and nickel. Objects that are not attracted by a magnet, are
said to be non-magnetic, e.g., wood and plastic.

Poles Of a Magnet
When magnetic materials (like iron filings) are brought close to a magnet, they do not
stick evenly to all parts of the magnet. They stick more on certain parts of the magnet.
These are called the poles of the magnet. Magnetic forces are the strongest at the
poles. For example, the two ends of a bar magnet are its poles.

There are two types of poles in every magnet, irrespective of its shape. These are, by
convention, called the North Pole (N) and the South Pole (S) (Fig. 12.2). The two poles
cannot exist independently. That is, they always come in pairs.
If we break a bar magnet in the middle, we would get two pieces, each having a North
Pole and a South Pole. We could go on breaking the magnet into smaller pieces, and
everytime we would get both the poles in each piece.
Using a Magnet To Find Directions
Today, we use magnets for various purposes. In ancient times, the primary use of a
magnet was to find directions.
If a magnet is allowed to move freely, it comes to rest in a direction very close to the
Earth’s North-South direction. This property of a magnet was used to find directions on
the surface of the Earth by travellers. An instrument with a magnet that is used to find
directions is called magnetic compass.
It has a small magnetic needle at its centre. This needle can rotate freely and always
points in the Earth’s North-South direction. Different directions (north, south, east, and
west) are marked on the compass. Figure 12.3 shows how one can find directions using
a magnetic compass.

Do you know why a freely suspended magnet always points in the Earth’s north-south
direction? It behaves like it is under the influence of another magnet. But where is this
other magnet? It is the Earth itself. This alignment happens because of the influence of
the Earth, which itself acts like a giant bar magnet (Fig. 12.4). It influences all the
magnets (within its region of influence) to align themselves along its North-South
direction.
Attraction And Repulsion
When two magnets are brought close to each other, they are either pulled towards each
other, or pushed away from each other. When the magnets are pulled towards each
other, they are said to attract each other. When they are pushed away from each other,
they are said to repel each other. Whether the magnets attract or repel depends on
which poles of the magnets are facing each other.
When like poles of the magnets (N-N or S-S) are brought close to each other, they
repel. This is called repulsion.

When unlike poles of the magnets (N-S or S-N) are brought close to each other, they
attract. This is called attraction.

Types Of Magnets
There are two types of magnets: temporary and permanent. Magnets that retain their
magnetic properties only for a short period of time are called temporary magnets.
Magnets that retain their magnetic properties for a long period of time are called
permanent magnets.
Temporary magnets are usually made of iron, cobalt, or nickel. These materials behave
like magnets only when they are near a strong magnet. They quickly lose their magnetic
property if the influence of the strong magnet is removed.
Permanent magnets are made from mixtures of iron, cobalt, or nickel with other
materials. These make strong magnets and retain their magnetic properties for a long
time.
Care Of Magnets
A magnet can lose its properties due to the following activities.
• Dropping from a height
• Hitting with a hammer
• Applying heat
 • Improper storage can also cause loss of magnetic properties.

Bar magnets should be stored in pairs, with Dropping from a height unlike poles
alongside each other. A horseshoe magnet should be stored with a piece of soft iron
kept across its poles.
Uses Of Magnets
Magnets have several uses:
• Credit cards, ATM cards, and identity cards have a strip of magnetic material that
stores information.
• Television and computer monitors use magnets.
• Computer hard discs and audio and video cassettes have magnetic material that
store information.
 • Magnets are used in picking up substances made of iron from scrapyard.

Magnet: An object that attracts substances like iron, cobalt, and nickel is called magnet.
Magnetic compass An instrument with a magnet that is used to find directions is called
magnetic compass.
Temporary magnets: Magnets that retain their magnetic properties only for a short
period of time are called temporary magnets.
Permanent magnets: Magnets that retain their magnetic properties for a long period of
time are called permanent magnets.
Only magnetic materials are attracted by magnets.
Every magnet has two poles: the North Pole and the South Pole.
Magnetic forces are the strongest at the poles of the magnet.
A freely suspended magnet will come to rest in the Earth’s North-South direction.
Like poles of two magnets repel each other.
Unlike poles of two magnets attract each other.
Magnets can lose their properties if they are dropped from a height, hit with a hammer,
heated, or stored in an improper manner.

Activity 1
Take a plastic or a paper cup. Fix it on a stand with the help of a clamp as shown in Fig.
13.5. Place a magnet inside the cup and cover it with a paper so that the magnet is not
visible. Attach a thread to a clip made of iron. Fix the other end of the thread at the base
of the stand. (Mind you, the trick involved here, is to keep the length of the thread
sufficiently short.) Bring the clip near the base of the cup. The clip is raised in air without
support, like a kite.
ACTIVITY 2:
Take a doll and tie a magnet to one of its hands. Cover it with a cloth. Now make this
doll pick things from a cluster of things. Now fill in the below table to understand which
are the magnetic and which are non-magnetic things around you.
Material which the object is made of Attracted by Magnes
Name of
(Cloth/plastic/ aluminium/ wood/ stick/ magnet
the object glass/ iron/ any other (Yes/No)
 Iron ball Iron Yes

Scale Plastic No

Shoe Leather ?

Activity 3
Take a rectangular piece of iron. Place it on the table. Now take a bar magnet and
place one of its poles near one edge of the bar of iron. Without lifting the bar magnet,
move it along the length of the iron bar till you reach the other end. Now, lift the magnet
and bring the pole (the same pole you started with) to the same point of the iron bar
from which you began . Move the magnet again along the iron bar in the same direction
as you did before. Repeat this process about 30-40 times. Bring a pin or some iron
filings near the iron bar to check whether it has become a magnet. If not, continue the
process for somemore time. Remember that the pole of the magnet and the direction of
its movement should not change. You can also use an iron nail, a needle or a blade
and convert them into a magnet.
ACTIVITY 4
Magnetise an iron needle using a bar magnet. Now, insert the magnetised needle
through a small piece of cork or foam. Let the cork float in water in a bowl or a tub.
Make sure that the needledoes not touch the water (Fig. 13.12). Your compass is now
ready to work. Make a note of the direction in which the needle points when the cork is
floating. Rotate the cork, with the needle fixed in it, in different directions. Note the
direction in which the needle points when the cork begins to float again without rotating.
Does the needle always point in the same direction, when the cork stops rotating?

GYAN BHARATI SCHOOL

WORKSHEET- FUN WITH MAGNETS CLASS M1
1. When a magnet is suspended freely it always aligns itself in -------- direction?
a) North
b) N-S
c) N-W
d) N-E
(2) ---------- is the only natural magnet.
a) Magnetite
b) Ebonite
c) Cobalt
d) Nickel
(3) Which of the following cannot be used to make a magnet?
a) Cobalt
b) Iron
c) Copper
d) Steel
(4) Which of the following is not a non-magnetic substance?
a) Glass
b) Wood
c) China ware
d) Nickel
5) Which of the following gets attracted to a magnet?
a) Copy book
b) Silver spoon
c) Comb
d) Common pins
(6) When a magnet is placed on a plastic plate with common pins spread on it, then ----
a) Pins stick all around the magnet
b) Pins stick at the middle of the magnet
c) Pins stick at the ends of the magnet
d) None
(7) The North end of the freely suspended magnet points towards -------?
a) Geographical North
b) Geographical South
c) Geographical East
d) Geographical West
(8) The south pole of the freely suspended magnet points towards -------?
a) Geographical North
b) Geographical South
c) Geographical East
d) Geographical West
(9) Like poles of magnets -------- each other.
a) Attract
b) Repel
c)Both a and b
d)None
(10) Unlike poles of magnets -------- each other.
a) Attract
b) Repel
 c) Both a and b
d) None
11) ------------ is the surest test of magnetism.
a) Attraction
b) Rotation
c) Repulsion
d) None
(12) When a N pole of a bar magnet is brought near the north pole of a freely suspended
magnetic needle, then it -----------?
a)Attracts
b)Repels
c)It rotates
d)None
(13) When the South pole of a magnet is brought near the North pole of a freely suspended
magnetic needle, then it -----------?
a) None
b) Repels
c) It rotates
d) Attracts
(14)____________is a device used by pilots and navigators used to find the direction.
a) barometer
b )thermometer
c) magnetic compass
d) none
(15) Magnetism of a magnet is lost by doing which of the following acts
a) Keeping in a box b)Heating c)Hammering d)Both b and c
(16)Which of the following gets demagnetised when a powerful magnet is kept near it
a) Plastic ruler
b)Compact disc
c)Glass tumbler
d)Wood
(17) Which of the following does not get demagnetised when a powerful magnet is kept near it
a)CD
b)music system
c)Cell phone
d)Comb
(18 ) Electric bell is an example of _____________magnet.
(a) Bar magnet
b) Cylindrical magnet
c)Electromagnet
d)Horseshoe magnet
(19)______________ type of magnet is used in cranes to lift heavy containers from ships.
a)Bar magnet
b)Cylindrical magnet
c)Electromagnet
d)Horseshoe magnet
20. Fill in the blanks in the following:
(i) Artificial magnets are made in different shapes such as_________ ,_______ and________.
(ii) The materials which are attracted towards a magnet are called_________
(iii) Paper is not a________
(iv) In olden days, sailors used to find direction by suspending a piece of __________
(v) A magnet always has ________poles.
21. State whether the following statements are true or false:
(i) A cylindrical magnet has only one pole.
(ii) Natural magnets were discovered in Greece.
(iii) Similar poles of a magnet repel each other.
(iv) Maximum iron filings stick in the middle of a bar magnet when it is brought near them.
(v) Bar magnets always point towards North-South direction when suspended freely in air.
(vi) A compass can be used to find East-West direction at any place.
(vii) Rubber is a magnetic material.
Short AnswerQuestions
22. Few iron nails and screws got mixed with the wooden shavings while a carpenter was
working with them. How can you help him in getting the nails and screws back from the scrap
without wasting his time in searching with his hands?
23. Where are the poles of bar magnet located? Suggest a method to locate them.
24. Give the properties of magnet
25. What is a temporary magnet? What material is used for this purpose?
26. Name two magnetic and two non magnetic materials.