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4_Practice Exercises_Math 122

The document outlines practice exercises due on February 25, 2025, requiring solutions in a PDF format. It includes tasks such as proving tautologies, simplifying logical statements, using truth tables for validity, and testing logical arguments. Participants must submit their answers via a provided Google Drive link by the specified deadline.

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Mark Deo Tan
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5 views1 page

4_Practice Exercises_Math 122

The document outlines practice exercises due on February 25, 2025, requiring solutions in a PDF format. It includes tasks such as proving tautologies, simplifying logical statements, using truth tables for validity, and testing logical arguments. Participants must submit their answers via a provided Google Drive link by the specified deadline.

Uploaded by

Mark Deo Tan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practice Exercises 4

February 25, 2025

Please provide complete solutions for the following problems. Submit your answers as a PDF
file (filename format: LastName_FirstName) no later than 11:30 AM on February 25, 2025, via
the Google Drive folder.
Link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1SJaVCAwI11J-
rbR1SZzyMtaNEIlpWV2M?usp=sharing

A. Show without constructing truth tables that the formulas are tautologies:
1. ~𝑝 → (𝑝 → 𝑞)
2. (𝑝 ∧ 𝑞) → (𝑝 → 𝑞)
3. [𝑝 ∧ (𝑝 → 𝑞)] → 𝑞
4. (𝑝 ∧ ~𝑝) → 𝑞

B. Simplify the statement formula using logically equivalent statements.


𝑝 → {𝑞 ∧ [(𝑝 ∧ ~𝑞) ∨ ~𝑝]}

C. Use truth table to determine whether the following argument form is valid.
1. 𝑝 → 𝑞
𝑞
∴𝑝

2. 𝑝 → 𝑞
𝑝→𝑟
∴ 𝑝 → (𝑞 ∨ 𝑟)

D. Test the validity of the following arguments:


𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑥, 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒.
𝐼𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 2 > 0. 𝐼𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑣𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 2 > 0. 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑥 2 > 0.

E. Test whether the given argument is logically valid.

If I do all the exercises in this chapter, then I will understand the module. If I understand the
module, then I will do well on the exam. If I do well on the exam, then I will pass. I passed the
exam. Therefore, I did all the exercises in this chapter.

F. Let 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) denote the sentence 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7. If the domain of 𝑥 and 𝑦 is the set of all integers,
then what is the truth value of the following? Justify your answer.
1. ∀𝑥∃𝑦𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦)
2. ∀𝑥∀𝑦𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦)
3. ∃𝑥∃𝑦𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦)

G. Test the validity of the logical argument.


All employers pay their employees.
Juan is an employer.
Therefore, Juan pays his employees.

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