Streams Assignment

These exercises are based on question id’s (QID’s) from Enthuware, the excellent Java Certification training
tool. Enthuware is an MCQ tool and this is why some answers in the video refer to “options”. However, I
have left these discussions in the solutions video as it enables me to discuss extra material, which aids in the
learning experience. Note: the QID’s are from Java 8 OCP question bank.

1. Stream a list of int primitives between the range of 0 (inclusive) and 5 (exclusive). Calculate and
output the average. (QID 2.2023)

2. Given the Item class (in the zip file), declare a List typed for Item with the following Item’s:
a. id=1 name=”Screw”
b. id=2 name=”Nail”
c. id=3 name=”Bolt”
Stream the list and sort it so that it outputs “BoltNailScrew” i.e. alphabetic name order. Use Stream’s
forEach method to output the names (use the method reference version for the required Consumer
lambda). (QID Q2.1762)

3. Generate a Stream<List<String>> using the Stream.of(Arrays.asList(“a”, “b”), Arrays.asList(“a”,

“c”)) method call. Filter the stream so that only list’s that contain “c” make it through the filter.
Flatten the Stream<List<String>> to a Stream<String> using the flatMap() operation. Note that
flapMap() states in the API “Each mapped stream is closed after its contents have been placed into
this [new] stream.”. Use forEach() to output the new stream. (QID 2.1787)

4. There are several parts to this: (QID 2.1738)

a. Using 1, 2 and 3 create a List of Integers.

i. Stream the list and calculate the sum, using the sum() method from IntStream.
ii. Stream the list again and calculate the maximum value, using the max() method from
IntStream.
b. Given the Person class (in the zip file), declare a List typed for Person with the following
Person’s:
i. “Alan”, “Burke”, 22
ii. “Zoe”, “Peters”, 20
iii. “Peter”, “Castle”, 29
Using the max(Comparator) from Stream, calculate the oldest person in the list.
c. Using 10, 47, 33 and 23 create a List of Integers. Stream the list and using the following
versions of reduce(), calculate the maximum value:
i. Optional<T> reduce(BinaryOperator<T> accumulator)
ii. T reduce(T identity, BinaryOperator<T> accumulator)

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5. Code a method public static Optional<String> getGrade(int marks) (QID 2.1826)
a. in the method getGrade:
i. declare an empty optional, typed for String called grade
ii. insert the following code:
if (marks > 50) {grade = Optional.of(“PASS”);} else {grade.of(“FAIL”);}
b. in main():
i. declare an Optional, typed for String named grade1 which is initialised to the return
value of calling getGrade(50)
ii. declare an Optional, typed for String named grade2 which is initialised to the return
value of calling getGrade(55)
iii. using orElse() on grade1, output the value of grade1 or “UNKNOWN”
iv. if(grade2.isPresent()) is true: use ifPresent(Consumer) to output the contents of
grade2; if false, use orElse() to output the contents of grade2 or “Empty”
v. Notes:
1. Optional’s are immutable.
2. Optional.of(null); // NullPointerException
3. Optional.ofNullable(null); // Optional.empty returned

6. Given the Book class (in the zip file), declare a List typed for Book with the following Book’s:
a. title=”Thinking in Java”, price=30.0
b. title=”Java in 24 hrs”, price=20.0
c. title=”Java Recipes”, price=10.0
Stream the books and calculate the average price of the books whose price is > 10.
Change the filter to books whose price is > 90. Ensure you do not get an exception. (QID 2.1809)
7. Given the Book class (in the zip file), declare a List typed for Book with the following Book’s:
a. title=”Atlas Shrugged”, price=10.0
b. title=”Freedom at Midnight”, price=5.0
c. title=”Gone with the wind”, price=5.0

Stream the books and instantiate a Map named ‘bookMap’ that maps the book title to its price. To do
this use the collect(Collectors.toMap(Function fnToGetKey, Function fnToGetValue)). Iterate
through ‘bookMap’ (using the Map forEach(BiConsumer) method). The BiConsumer only outputs
prices where the title begins with “A”. (QID 2.1846)

8. Given the Book class (in the zip file), declare a List typed for Book with the following Book’s:
a. title=”Gone with the wind”, price=5.0
b. title=”Gone with the wind”, price=10.0
c. title=”Atlas shrugged”, price=15.0

In a pipeline which has no return type: (QID 2.1847)

 stream the books
 using the collect() method, generate a Map that maps the book title to its price
 using forEach(), output the title and price of each entry in the map
What happened and why? Fix this by using the Collectors.toMap(Function, Function,
BinaryOperator) method.

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9. Given the Person class (in the zip file), declare a List typed for Person with the following Person’s:
a. name=”Bob”, age=31
b. name=”Paul”, age=32
c. name=”John”, age=33

Pipeline the following where the return type is double: (QID 2.1810)
 stream the people
 filter the stream for Person’s whose age is < 30
 map to int primitives
 calculate the average age.
This should generate a NoSuchElementException. Using orElse(), fix the pipeline (not the filter) so
that 0.0 is returned instead of an exception being generated.

10. A question about Optional. Let us look at this in parts:

a. Declare an Optional, typed for Double, named ‘price’ using the Optional.ofNullable(20.0).
Output the Optional value for ‘price’ 3 times: using ifPresent(Consumer), orElse(T) and
orElseGet(Supplier). (QID 2.1849)
b. declare a new Optional, typed for Double, named ‘price2’ (or comment out (a) and re-use
‘price’). Use Optional.ofNullable again but this time, pass in null.
i. Output ‘price2’ in a normal System.out.println().
ii. check to see if price2 isEmpty() and if so output “empty”.
iii. do (ii) again except this time use the more functional “ifPresent(Consumer)” method.
iv. initialise a Double x to the return of “price2.orElse(44.0)”. Output and observe the
value of x.
c. declare a new Optional, typed for Double, named ‘price3’ (or comment out (b) and re-use
‘price’). Use Optional.ofNullable passing in null.
i. initialise a Double z to the return of “price3.orElseThrow(() -> new
RuntimeException(“Bad Code”). Output and observe the value of z.

11. Given the AnotherBook class (in the zip file), declare a List typed for AnotherBook namely ‘books’
with the following AnotherBook’s:
a. title=”Gone with the wind”, genre=”Fiction” (QID 2.1858)
b. title=”Bourne Ultimatum”, genre=”Thriller”
c. title=”The Client”, genre=”Thriller”

Declare the following: List<String> genreList = new ArrayList<>();

Stream books so that genreList refers to a List containing the genres of the books in the books List.

12. There are two parts:

a. Generate a DoubleStream using the of() method consisting of the numbers 0, 2 and 4. Note
that this stream is a stream of primitives and not a stream of types. Filter in odd numbers only
and sum the remaining stream. You should get 0. (QID 2.2024)
b. Using 1.0 and 3.0, generate a stream of Double’s. Map them to primitive double’s. Filter in
even numbers only and calculate the average. Output the result without running the risk of
generating an exception.
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13. This question demonstrates lazy evaluation. Declare the following List<Integer> ls =
Arrays.asList(11, 11, 22, 33, 33, 55, 66);
a. stream the List (note that this is possible because List is a Collection and Collection defines a
stream() method); ensure only distinct (unique) numbers are streamed; check if “any match”
11. You should get true for this.
b. stream the List again (this is necessary because once a stream is closed by a previous terminal
operation, you must re-create the stream); check to see if “none match” the expression
x%11>0. Note that the terminal operation noneMatch(Predicate) needs to return false for
every element in the stream for noneMatch() to return true. In other words, “none of them
match this….that’s correct, none of them do; return true”. You should get true here as well.
(QID 2.1840)

14. Examine the following code. Note that an AtomicInteger is a version of Integer that is safe to use in
concurrent (multi-threaded) environments. The method incrementAndGet() is similar to ++ai
a) Why is the value of ai at the end 0 (and not 4)? (QID 2.1841)

b) The following code generates an IllegalStateException. Fix the code.

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