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RomTST94

The document outlines selection tests for the Balkan Mathematical Olympiad and the International Mathematical Olympiad held in 1994, detailing various mathematical problems and challenges. It includes problems related to number theory, geometry, and combinatorics, aimed at evaluating participants' problem-solving skills. Each test contains multiple questions that require proofs, calculations, and geometric constructions.

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4 views

RomTST94

The document outlines selection tests for the Balkan Mathematical Olympiad and the International Mathematical Olympiad held in 1994, detailing various mathematical problems and challenges. It includes problems related to number theory, geometry, and combinatorics, aimed at evaluating participants' problem-solving skills. Each test contains multiple questions that require proofs, calculations, and geometric constructions.

Uploaded by

nguyentrungnhatvnp
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Romanian Team Selection Tests 1994

Selection Test for Balkan MO


Arad, March 31

1. Prove that if n is a square-free positive integer, there are no coprime


positive integers x and y such that (x + y)3 divides xn + yn .
2. Let n ≥ 4 be an integer. Find the maximum possible area of an n-gon
inscribed in a unit cicle and having two perpendicular diagonals.
3. Let M1 , M2 , . . . , M11 be 5-element sets such that Mi ∩ Mj 6= ∅ for all
i, j ∈ {1, . . . , 11}. Determine the minimum possible value of the greatest
number of the given sets that have nonempty intersection.
4. Consider a tetrahedron A1 A2 A3 A4 . A point N is said to be a Servais point
if its projections on the six edges of the tetrahedron lie in a plane α(N )
(called Servais plane). Prove that if all the six points Nij symmetric to a
point M with respect to the midpoints Bij of the edges Ai Aj are Servais
points, then M is contained in all Servais planes α(Nij ).

First Test for IMO


Bucharest, May 28

1. Let Xn = {1, 2, . . . , n}, where n ≥ 3. We define the measure m(X) of


X ⊂ Xn as the sum of its elements, where m(∅) = 0. A set X ⊂ Xn is
said to be even (resp. odd) if m(X) is even (resp. odd).
(a) Show that the number of even sets equals the number of odd sets.
(b) Show that the sum of the measures of the even sets equals the sum
of the measures of the odd sets.
(c) Compute the sum of the measures of the odd sets.
n
2. Let n be a positive odd number. Show that the number n(n−1)(n−1) +1
+n
is divisible by ((n − 1)n + 1)2 . Is this necessarily true if n is even?
3. Prove that the sequence an = 3n − 2n contains no three numbers in geo-
metric progression.
4. Inscribe an equilateral triangle of minimum side in a given acute-angled
triangle ABC (one vertex on each side).

Second Test for IMO


Bucharest, May 29

The IMO Compendium Group,


D. Djukić, V. Janković, I. Matić, N. Petrović
www.imo.org.yu
1995
1. Find the minimal term in the sequence defined by a1 = 19931994 and

an /2 if an is even,
an+1 =
an + 7 if an is odd.

2. Let S1 , S2 , S3 be spheres of radii a, b, c respectively whose centers lie on


a line l. Sphere S2 is externally tangent to S1 and S3 , whereas S1 and
S3 have no common points. A straight line t touches each of the spheres,
Find the sine of the angle between l and t.
3. Let a1 , a2 , . . . , an be a finite sequence of 0 and 1. Under any two consec-
utive terms of this sequence 0 is written if the digits are equal and 1 is
written otherwise. This way a new sequence of length n − 1 is obtained.
By repeating this procedure n − 1 times one obtains a triangular table of
0 and 1. Find the maximum possible number of ones that can appear on
this table.
4. Let be given two concentric circles of radii R and R1 > R. Let
quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in the smaller circle and let the rays
CD, DA, AB, BC meet the larger circle at A1 , B1 , C1 , D1 , respectively.
Prove that
σ(A1 B1 C1 D1 ) R2
≥ 21 ,
σ(ABCD) R
where σ(P ) denotes the area of a polygon P .

Third Test for IMO


Bucharest, May 30

1. Let p be a (positive) prime number. Suppose that real numbers


a1 , a2 , . . . , ap+1 have the property that, whenever one of the numbers is
deleted, the remaining numbers can be partitioned into two classes with
the same arithmetic mean. Show that these numbers must be equal.
2. Let n be a positive integer. Find the number of polynomials P (x) with
coefficients in {0, 1, 2, 3} for which P (2) = n.
3. Determine all integer solutions of the equation xn + yn = 1994, where
n ≥ 2.

The IMO Compendium Group,


D. Djukić, V. Janković, I. Matić, N. Petrović
www.imo.org.yu

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