Logic mid-exam
1. All managers are journalists. All journalists are lawyers. So, all lawyers are journalists. This
argument is said to be
A. Valid Categorical syllogism
B. Invalid Argument
C. Uncogent Syllogism
D. Cogent Syllogism
E. Valid Hypothetical Syllogism
F. Invalid Disjunctive Syllogism
2. No cat is a reptile owing to all cats is dogs and no dog is a reptile. What would be the proper
name of this argument in terms of both inferential and factual claims?
A. Sound
B. Unsound
C. Valid
D. Invalid
E. Cogent
F. A and B
3. Yesterday I bought new jeans with a tag that reads, “Made in U.S.A” Thus, my new jeans were
made in the U.S .A
A. Deductive, Uncogent
B. Inductive, Strong
C. Deductive, Unsound
D. Deductive, valid
E. Inductive, Weak
4. A cogent argument requires one of the following combinations ________
A. Strength and Validity
B. Strength and Truth
C. Validity and Truth
D. Soundness and Strength
E. All, but not "D"
F. None
5. Definitions which are formulated to resolve disputes by influencing the attitudes or emotions of
readers or listeners are best called
6. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Strength or validity is about the logical connection between the premises and the and the
conclusion.
B. An argument is valid if and only if there is no logically possible situation where all the
premises are true and the conclusion is false at the same time.
C. A sound argument is one where the truth of the premises guarantees the truth of the
conclusion, but soundness does not guarantee that the premises are in fact true.
D. If the premise in an inductive argument is true, there is no guarantee that the conclusion
must also be true.
E. It is possible for a valid argument to have a true conclusion even when all its premises are
false in fact.
7. [A] We were late for class [B] because we were having a breakfast. What we can say about the
relationship of these two statements?
A. A because B here implies no kind of reason at all.
B. A because B justifies what is the case.
C. A because B presents both reason of why and what is the case.
D. A because B explains why something is the case.
E. A because B in this context says there is identical appearance of the premise and the
explane.
8. Identify the argument which is odd in its form of argumentation from the given alternative
below:
A. Both Lionel Messi and Chirstiano Ronaldo play in English premier league Messi’s payment is
40,000 Euro per week. Ronaldo's weekly payment is less than Messi’s by more than half.
Accordingly, Ronaldo must be paid 19, 500 Euro weekly
B. Professional football players are aggressive. Winey Mark Rooney is a professional footballer.
Accordingly, Rooney must be aggressive.
C. In Africa there are 59 countries. But for the sake of my study I took only a sample of 37. The
data of my study has already assured these 37 countries are growing by more than single
digit economy. In the context of my study then it must be the case that most African
countries are growing by more than single digit economy.
D. I am going to rent a studio which has a length and width of 4 and 5 meters long.
Respectively. Accordingly, it is certainly true that this studio has a rectangle shape.
E. Either Samrawit has exactly 10, 000 or 7, 500 dollars in her bag. Indeed, Samrawit has
10,000 dollars in her bag. Whence, in Samrawit's bag one can find a dollar which is greater
than 7,500.
F. All of the above
9. A statement that is incorrect about an argument among the following is:
A. It is necessary for an argument to have one conclusion and more than one premise.
B. There must be a claim supported or implied by evidence for a passage to contain an
argument.
C. A conclusion of an argument may appear either at the beginning or middle or at the end
part of the passage.
D. At least one of the statements must provide evidence to support or prove a claim.
E. Evidence is a kind of reason, and the attempt to provide evidence in support of a conclusion
is normally called an argument.
F. Both "A" and "C"
10. If government imposes import restrictions, the price of automobiles will rise. Therefore, since
the government will not impose import restrictions, it follows that the price of automobiles will
not rise, this argument form is
A. Invalid
B. Valid
C. Sound
D. Cogent
11. "The reason poverty is rising worldwide is that the global economy has made it impossible for
countries to provide stable working conditions for its citizens." This passage can be identified as?
A. Argument
B. Report
C. Explanation
D. Illustration
E. Exposition
12. Claude Sumner initiated the project of studying the written sources of Ethiopian philosophy. He
also analyzed the role of oral literature and western literature for the understanding of
Ethiopian philosophy. As such, Claude Sumner could be seen as the greatest thinker in the
development of Ethiopian philosophy.
A. Argument; conclusion: initiated the project of studying the written sources of Ethiopian
philosophy.
B. Argument; conclusion: As such, Claude Sumner could be seen as the greatest thinker in the
development of Ethiopian philosophy.
C. Argument, conclusion: analyzed the role of oral literature.
D. Non-argument
E. Explanation.
13. In the definition "Martyr' means a person who willingly suffers death rather than renounces his
or her religion" the genus term is:
A. Martyr
B. Person
C. Religion
D. Who willingly suffers death
14. Emperor Tewodros II is the grand architect of Ethiopian modernity. He tried to revolutionized
existing relations between the state and church; he tried to build a modern army and also
sought to establish foreign with western European nations.
A. Argument, conclusion. He tried to revolutionize existing nations between the state and
church.
B. Argument, conclusion: he tried to build a modem army
C. Expository passage
D. Loosely associated statements
E. Argument, conclusion: Emperor Tewodros II is the grand architect of Ethiopian modernity.
F. All
15. One is not true about lexical definition?
16. "For 5 Killo students are mild, it is true they are gentle." Identify the right definitional technique
which is used to develop this argument.
17. Which of the following statements contains a vague expression or term?
A. The stolen bicycle was found by a man sleeping in the park.
B. Mr. Hussein, my neighbor, is wealthy.
C. Elias watched Hareg throw a ball through the window.
D. Semira said that her apartment is located on Palm Street.
18. "Habesha beer" means cold gold. Which criterion of lexical definition does this definition
violate?
19. According to Karl Marx, justice means to each as per his need and from each as per his ability.
This definition can be classified as?
20. Selling salt to customers after twelve brings bad luck on one's life. Thus, one shouldn't sell salt to
customers.
A. Inductive, invalid
B. Deductive, valid
C. Inductive, strong
D. Deductive unsound
E. Inductive, weak
Part II- True/False: Instruction: Write "True" if the given statement is CORRECT or write "False" if it is
INCORRECT (1 Point Each),
21. A sound argument could be sometimes invalid.
22. A valid argument should not only be restricted as an argument with factually true premises and
a true conclusion.
23. In logic strength and validity are restricted only to arguments and not statements, and truth is a
property of statements but not arguments
24. For the past twenty-five years Ethiopian athletes have been dominant in the world of athletics.
Thus, Ethiopian athletes will probably remain dominant in the coming couple of years. This
argument is an example of a deductive valid argument.
25. Musical instruments traditional musical instruments decrease. Traditional string musical Kirse. In
this sequence of terms, intension increases while extension
26. The definition "Covenant means agreement" is an example of etymological definition.
27. The intentional meaning of a term serves as the criterion for deciding what is denoted by the
extensional meaning of a term
28. Giving birth is a sufficient condition for being a parent
29. An argument that draws a conclusion that something is true because someone has said that it is,
is an inductive argument.
30. It must be raining outside. After all, if it weren't, then the ground would be dry, but it's soaking
wet, this argument can be best regarded as a deductive argument.
Answers
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. Not E
5. E
6. D
7. D
8. Not B
9. A
10. A
11. C
12. B
13. B
14. E
15. D
16. Not C
17. Not C
18. C
19. Not D
20. E
21. False
22. True
23. True
24. True
25. False
26. False
27. True
28. True
29. True
30. False
