EFFICIENCY OF KAKAWATE LEAVES, SPINACH,

AND ROSE AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE FOR

DETERGENT BAR SOAP

An Individual Science Investigatory Project Proposal Presented to the Faculty of

Science, Technology, and Engineering Program Junior High School

Commonwealth High School

Presented by:

EURIE NICKAIN APOSTOL

Grade 10 - STE ARCHIMEDES

Presented to:

MARISSA G. CANCERAN, MTI

Research Adviser

October 3, 2022
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………. i

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Background of the Study …………………………………… 1

Statement of the Problem ………………………………………………….

Hypotheses of the Study …………………………………………………..

Significance of the Study …………………………………………………

Scope and Delimitation …………………………………………………..

Definition of Terms ………………………………………………………

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Review of Related Literature ……………………………………………..

Review of Related Studies ………………………………………………..

Conceptual/Theoretical framework ………………………………………

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design …………………………………………………………

Methods and Methodology ……………………………………………….

Research Locale ………………………………………………………….

Samples and Sampling Technique ………………………………………

Instrumentation .….…….……………………………………………..

Statistical Analysis…………………………………………………

Research Paradigm……………………………………………………

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Background of the Study

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 Kakawate leaves, also known as Madre de cacao, is a leguminous tree native to Central America that is easy to grow. These trees can reach from 10

to 12 meters in height and are also nitrogen-fixing trees. Kakawate Leaves are called a quick-stick by many people due to their characteristic of growing almost

instantly by cutting and planting straight into the ground. Kakawate Leaves are adaptable to almost any soil environment, including barren soil, and can withstand

salt spray, water logging, and drought for up to 6 to 8 months. This tree can potentially become a weed, but it rarely causes problems. Its common properties

make it an excellent alternative for feeds as it is available in nearly every region of the country.

In many tropical and subtropical countries, Kakawate Leaves are used for various purposes such as fodder, coffee shade, live fencing, rat poison,

firewood, rat poison, and green manure. For example, Latin American farmers often wash their livestock with a paste of crushed leaves to ward off Dermatobia

hominis, a parasite that is common in cattle and deer. In the Philippines, an extract obtained from its leaves is used to remove ectoparasites.

Rose whose scientific name is Rosa is a soft flower that belongs to the Rosaceae family. The plants of the rose flower, which resemble bushes, are

extremely thorny. It is an evergreen plant with a typical height of about 4 to 6 meters. The branches of the plant of the rose flower are covered in thorns, which

are slightly stronger than the branches of the common plant. Beneath the blossoms of this flower, the leaves are green in color in the branches. These leaves are

typically spherical and oval in shape with serrated stripes. These leaves have a light green color, a slightly rough underside, and a relatively smooth upper surface.

In the ancient Mediterranean, roses represented luxury, sexual desire, and religious devotion. They were utilized as aphrodisiacs and incense,

garlands and fragrances, as well as in wines and meals. They were a crucial component of many medicines. Rose petal juice has been applied topically to mouth

and gum lesions. For stomachaches and diarrhea, whole flowers were taken with wine. As a treatment for dysentery, rose oil and butter were injected as a clyster

into the anus. In the gynecological writings of the ancient Mediterranean, the rose is mentioned as a therapeutic component. Rose decoctions were applied in sitz

baths to treat uterine hemorrhage, vaginal and uterine ulcers, and inflammation. A thrush cure was created using dried rose petals and leaves.

Spinacia oleracea, the scientific name for spinach, is a leafy vegetable that grows in a dark-green rosette approximately eight to ten inches across.

Spinach is often referred to as goosefoot. It is a member of the Chenopodiaceae family, which also contains quinoa, chard, and beetroot. It has a similar flavor

profile to these vegetables, which includes chard's mildly salty flavor and the bitterness of beet greens. Savoy, semi-savoy, and smooth-leaf spinach varieties are

all readily accessible.

This research study will have a significant impact on several sectors, such as health, by helping to prevent the spread of pests or insects found in

clothes that can cause health problems. In the environment, by reducing the rate of kakawate leaf, rose, and spinach waste. In the economy, by increasing the

production of detergent bar soap.

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Statement of the Problem

Hypotheses of the Study

Significance of the Study

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Scope and Limitation of the Study

Definition of Terms

Introductory sentences

organic

fertilizer

animal manure

plant growth

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 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Review of Related Literature

Introductory sentences

Organic Fertilizer

Animal Manure as Organic Fertilizer

Tomato

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Review of Related Studies

Introductory sentences

Organic Fertilizer

Animal Manure as Organic Fertilizer

Tomato

Conceptual/Theoretical Framework

Introductory sentences

1-2 concept/ principle about the topic

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 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

Methods and Methodology

Materials (name, quantity)

Step by step procedure (pre experimentation- plating of tomato seed, preparation of animal manure into organic fertilizer and preparation in different

proportions)

experimentation - random sampling, assigning of experimental and control group, introduction of the treatment given the constant)

and post experimentation- data gathering procedure ( time, specific unit of measurement, instrument use )

Research Locale

Samples and Sampling Technique

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Instrumentation

Statistical Analysis

Paradigm of the Study IPO or DV & IV

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REFERENCES

●
Include all references using APA (American Psychological Association) Style for in-text and reference list citations

Brahim, S. P. (2014, August 25). Renewable Energy and Energy Security in the Philippines. Energy Procedia. Retrieved November 4, 2021, from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610214009631.

(Brahim, 2014)

Note:

Font Style: Time New Roman

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Margin: Normal Margin (1inch on all sides)

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