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Lecture 10 Objects Initialization Techniques - Part 2

The document discusses three ways to initialize an object in Java: using reference variables, methods, and constructors. It explains the role of constructors in setting initial values for object attributes and outlines the rules and types of constructors, including default, no-parameter, and parameterized constructors. Additionally, it covers the concept of constructor overloading, which allows multiple constructors with different parameter lists to exist within a class.

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10 views

Lecture 10 Objects Initialization Techniques - Part 2

The document discusses three ways to initialize an object in Java: using reference variables, methods, and constructors. It explains the role of constructors in setting initial values for object attributes and outlines the rules and types of constructors, including default, no-parameter, and parameterized constructors. Additionally, it covers the concept of constructor overloading, which allows multiple constructors with different parameter lists to exist within a class.

Uploaded by

krishnathakre925
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAVA Programming

Lecture 10: Ways to Initialize an Object in JAVA

Department of Computer Science and Engineering


National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir
April 03, 2024
How an object can be initialized with Some VALUE in
JAVA
There are three ways for initializing an object:
1. By Reference Variable
2. By methods
3. By Constructors
How an object can be initialized with Some VALUE in
JAVA
1. By Reference Variables
2. By Methods
Ways to Initialize Objects in Java
There are three ways to initialize an object of a class:
1. Using Reference Variables
2. Using Methods
3. Using Constructors
Java Constructors
In Java, a constructor is a block of codes similar to the method.
A constructor in Java is a special method that is used to initialize
objects.
The constructor is called when an object of a class is created.
Every time an object is created using the new() keyword, at least one
constructor is called.
Constructors can be used to set initial values for object attributes.
Need of Constructor
Think of a Box Class. If we talk about a box class then it will have some
class variables (say length, breadth, and height).
But when it comes to creating its object(i.e Box will now exist in
computer’s memory), then can a box be there with no value defined for
its dimensions.
The answer is no.

Constructors are be used to set initial values for object attributes, at


the time of object creation, either explicitly done by the programmer or
by Java itself (default constructor)..
Rules for creating Java Constructor
There are two rules defined for the constructor:
Constructor(s) of a class must have same name as the class name in
which it resides.
A Constructor must have no explicit return type
Types of constructors
There are two types of constructors in Java:
1.Default constructor (no-arg constructor)
2.No Parameter Constructor
3.Parameterized constructor
Types of constructors: Default Constructor
If we don’t define a constructor in a class, then compiler creates default
constructor(with no arguments) for the class.

Default constructor provides the default values to the object like 0, null,
etc. depending on the type.

Default Constructor doesn’t have any arguments.

And if we write a constructor with arguments or no-arguments then the


compiler does not create a default constructor.
Output?
Default
Constructor
Types of constructors:
No Parameter Constructor
As the name specifies the no argument constructors of Java does not
accept any parameters.
Using this constructor, the instance variables of a method will be
initialized with fixed values for all objects.
No-Parameter Constructor
Types of constructors:
Parameterized constructor
A constructor which has a specific number of parameters is called a
parameterized constructor.
Constructors can also take parameters, which is used to initialize
attributes.
With this type of constructor, we can initialize objects with different
values.
Parameter Constructor
Difference between constructor and method in Java
Constructor Overloading in Java
In Java, a constructor is just like a method but without return type.
It can also be overloaded like Java methods.

Constructor overloading in Java is a technique of having more than one


constructor with different parameter lists.

They are arranged in a way that each constructor performs a different


task.

They are differentiated by the compiler by the number of parameters


in the list and their types.
Constructor Overloading in Java

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