ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF COMMERCIAL

MULTISTOREY BUILDING(Pressure Co-efficient method)

Analysis and design the commercial multistorey building (G+6) moment resisting frame for
gravity load and wind load which is located in Mumbai. For the following data.

 Plan dimension = 21 x 15 m
 Height of each storey =3m
 Parapet wall height of 1 m (thickness = 230mm) is provided on external walls.
 Length in X – direction (3 bays) – [8+5+8] = 21 m
 Length in Z – direction (3 bays) – [5+5+5] = 15 m
 Topographic condition = Flat surface
 Site is located at 65 Kms away from coastal area.
 Roof finish = 2 kN/m2
 Floor finish = 1 kN/m2
 Wall thickness
 1 brick of 230 mm at exterior walls
 ½ brick of 115 mm at interior walls
 Show the Maximum shear force, Bending moment and deflection diagram for critical bay
Beams and Columns. Consider all the possible load combinations for DL,LL and WL. Use
Pressure coefficient method for wind load calculations.

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 PLAN VIEW

ELEVATION

AIM:

To analysis and design the commercial multistorey building (G+6) moment resisting frame
for gravity load and wind load by pressure coefficient method.

LOAD CALCULATIONS:

1) DEAD LOAD

a) Self-weight of slab =γ*D

Assume D →Thickness of floor slab (0.18m)

Self-weight of slab = 25 * 0.18

= 4.50 kN/m2

b) Roof finishes load (R.F) = 2.0 kN/m2

c) Floor finishes load (F.F) = 1.0 kN/m2
d) Self -Weight of Brick masonry wbrick = γbrick * D

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 For Single Brick masonry = 20 * 0.230

= 4.6 kN/m2

For Half Brick masonry = 20 * 0.115

= 2.3 kN/m2

Self -Weight of Exterior Wall of each floor = wbrick * Height of Storey

= 4.6 kN/m2 * 3 m

= 13.80 kN/m

Self -Weight of Interior Wall of each floor = wbrick * Height of Storey

= 2.3 kN/m2 * 3 m

= 6.90 kN/m

Self-weight of Parapet (height of 1m) = 4.6 kN/m2 * 1 m

= 4.6kN/m

2) LIVE LOAD

Live Load (L.L) = 4 kN/m2

(As per IS 875 :1987 Part 2 for Residential Building)

3) WIND LOAD

Calculation of Wind Loads:

Check for Static method:

As per clause 9.1 of IS 875 (Part3) : 2015 , any building or structure which satisfies either of
the following two criteria shall be adopted for Static method:

a) Buildings and closed structures with a height to minimum lateral dimension ratio of
less than about 5.
b) Buildings and structures whose natural frequency in the first mode are greater than 1.0
Hz or fundamental period is less than sec.
h 22
Height/Minimum Lateral Dimension = = = 1.467 ≤5.0 ----------- (1)
b 15

Time Period T = 0.1 n = 0.1 * 7 = 0.7s

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 Frequency = 1 / n = 1/0.7 = 1.429 > 1Hz ------------ (2)

Hence Static method can be adopted.

Procedure for wind force calculation for static Method:

Design wind speed

Vz = Vb* K1* K2* K3* K4 (As per Clause 6.3 of IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Vb = Basic wind speed (m/sec) = 44 m /sec (As per Appendix A IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Life of structure assumed I = 50 years.

K1-Risk coefficient = 1 (As per Table 1 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

K2 Terrain & height factor (As per Table 2 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

For Terrain category 2 and for height 22 m

Table 1 ( K2 factor)

Height K2
10 m 1.00
15 m 1.05
20 m 1.07
22 m 1.08

K3=Topography factor is flat surface, Topography: Plane

K3 =1. (As per Clause 6.3.3 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

K4 = Importance factor for Cyclic Region

Distance of the site from nearest seacoast = 65 km

Nature of site: Noncyclic

Structure Type: (All other structures) - General K4 = 1

(As per Clause 6.3.4 of IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Design Wind speed Vz = Vb*K1*K2*K3*K4

Vz = 44 * 1.0 * K2 * 1.0 * 1.0

Vz = 44 K2

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Design wind pressure Pd for X – direction

Design Wind Pressure, Pd = Kd *Ka *Kc * Pz

(As per clause 7.2 IS 875 (Part3) :

2015)

Kd , Wind directionality factor for buildings = 0.90 (As per clause 7.2.1 IS 875 (Part3) :
2015)

Ka = Area averaging factor (As per clause 7.2.2 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Tributary area of a panel

TA= Column spacing x storey height = 8 * 3 = 24 m²

For TA = 24m2 Ka for ≤ 10m2 = 1.0 Ka for 25m2 = 0.9

(As per Table 4 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Ka for 10 to 25m2 = 0.9066

Combination factor = Kc for frames over the building envelope when roof is subjected to
pressure and internal pressure is suction or vice-versa = 1.00
(As per clause 7.3.3.13 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)
Pd = Kd * Ka * Kc * Pz (As per clause 7.2 of IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Pd = 0.9 * 0.9066 * 1.00 * Pz = 0.816 Pz

Pd > 0.7 Pz

The wind pressure Pz at any height z is given by Pz = 0.6 Vz2

Where, Pz = Design Wind speed in N / m2 at height z is given by Pz = 0.6Vz2

Vz = Design wind speed in m/s.

Pz= 0.6 * 44K22= 1161.6 K22

Pd = 0.816 * 1161.6K22 = 947.86 K22

The wind force acting on the building is given by Pressure Co-efficient method.

F=( Cpe- Cpi )* A * Pd (As per clause 7.3.1 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Where,

Cpe = External pressure coefficient ; Cpi = Internal pressure coefficient

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A = Surface area of structural element or Cladding unit

Pd = Design wind pressure

Low permeability = ± 0.2 ( As per clause 7.3.2.1 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

h 22 l 21
= = 1.47 & = = 1.4 ( From Table 5 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)
w 15 w 15

Walls of Rectangular Clad Buildings

Case 1 0° Wind across the ridge Positive Cpi

Surface Cpe Cpi Cpnet

A 0.70 0.20 0.50

B -0.20 0.20 -0.40
C -0.50 0.20 -0.70
D -0.50 0.20 -0.70
Case 2 0° Wind across the ridge Negative Cpi

Surface Cpe Cpi Cpnet

A 0.70 -0.20 0.90

B -0.20 -0.20 0
C -0.50 -0.20 -0.30
D -0.50 -0.20 -0.30
Case 3 90° Wind across the ridge Positive Cpi

Surface Cpe Cpi Cpnet

A -0.50 0.20 -0.70

B -0.50 0.20 -0.70

C 0.70 0.20 0.50

D -0.20 0.20 -0.40

Case 4 90° Wind across the ridge Negative Cpi

Surface Cpe Cpi Cpnet

A -0.50 -0.20 -0.30

B -0.50 -0.20 -0.30

C 0.70 -0.20 0.90

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 D -0.20 -0.20 0

Design wind Force F for X – direction

Height K₂ Pd = 947.86 K22 (N / m2)

10 m 1.00 947.86

15 m 1.05 1045.02

20 m 1.07 1085.21

22 m 1.08 1105.58

Design wind pressure Pd for Z – direction

Design Wind Pressure, Pd = Kd*Ka*Kc*Pz where (As per clause 7.2 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Kd = Wind directionality factor for buildings - 0.90

(As per clause 7.2.1 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Ka = area averaging factor (As per clause 7.2.2 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Tributary area of a panel TA= Column spacing x storey height=5 * 3=15 m²

For TA = 15m2 (As per table 4 IS 875 (Part3) :

2015)

Ka for 10 to 25m2 is 0.966.

Combination factor = Kc as per clause 7.3.3.13 for frames over the building envelope when
roof is subjected to pressure and internal pressure is suction or vice-versa=1.00

Pd = Kd*Ka*Kc*Pz (As per clause 7.2 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Pd = 0.9 * 0.966 * 1.00 * Pz = 0.8694 Pz

Pd > 0.7 Pz

The wind pressure Pz at any height z is given by Pz = 0.6Vz2 where

Pz = Design Wind speed in N / m2 at height z is given by Pz= 0.6Vz2

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Vz = Design wind speed in m/s.

Pz= 0.6 * 44 K22= 1161.6 K22

Pd = 0.8694 * 1161.6K22 = 1009.89 K22

The wind force acting on the building is given by Pressure Co-efficient method.

F=( Cpe- Cpi )* A * Pd (As per clause 7.3.1 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

Where,

Cpe = External pressure coefficient ; Cpi = Internal pressure coefficient

A = Surface area of structural element or Cladding unit

Pd = Design wind pressure

Low permeability = ± 0.2 ( As per clause 7.3.2.1 IS 875 (Part3) : 2015)

h 22 l 15
= =1.05 & = = 0.71
w 21 w 21

Walls of Rectangular Clad Buildings

Case 1 0° Wind across the ridge Positive Cpi

Surface Cpe Cpi Cpnet

A 0.70 0.20 0.50

B -0.20 0.20 -0.40
C -0.50 0.20 -0.70
D -0.50 0.20 -0.70
Case 2 0° Wind across the ridge Negative Cpi

Surface Cpe Cpi Cpnet

A 0.70 -0.20 0.90

B -0.20 -0.20 0
C -0.50 -0.20 -0.30
D -0.50 -0.20 -0.30
Case 3 90° Wind across the ridge Positive Cpi

Surface Cpe Cpi Cpnet

A -0.50 0.20 -0.70
B -0.50 0.20 -0.70

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 C 0.70 0.20 0.50
D -0.20 0.20 -0.40

Case 4 90° Wind across the ridge Negative Cpi

Surface Cpe Cpi Cpnet

A -0.50 -0.20 -0.30
B -0.50 -0.20 -0.30
C 0.70 -0.20 0.90
D -0.20 -0.20 0

Design wind pressure Pd for Z – direction

Height K₂ Pd = 1009.89 K22 (N / m2)

10m 1.00 1009.89
15m 1.05 1113.40
20m 1.07 1156.22
22m 1.08 1177.94

LOAD COMBINATION

a. 1.5 DL + 1.5 LL
b. 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL +1.2WL
c. 0.9 DL + 1.5 WL
d. 1.5 DL + 1.5 WL

PROCEDURE:

1. File  New  Rename  Space  Units  Add beam  Close.

2. Setup  Job  Name of project  Client  Job no  Rev  Close

3. Geometry  Run Structure wizard  Model type  Frame models  Bay frame  Length
 21m  No. of. bays along length  3 (8,5,8)m  Height  22m  No. of. Bays along
height  8 (3,3,3,3,3,3,3,1)m  Width  15m  No. of. Bays along width  3 (5,5,5)m 
Apply  close  yes.

4. Select the unwanted nodes in parapet wall segment  Both X and Z – Direction  Delete.

5. General  Property  Define  Rectangle  0.60m x 0.30m  Add  0.70m x 0.40m 

Add  0.45m x 0.30m  Add  0.70m x 0.40m  Add  0.80m x 0.45m  Add  Close.

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6. Thickness  0.18m  Add  Close.

7. General  Select member property  Select member  Assign to selected member  Close.

8. General  Support  Create  Fixed  Add.

9. Select Support 2  Select each Column bottom nodes  Assign to Selected nodes  Assign
 Close.

10. General  Material  Concrete  Assign to view  Assign

11. General  Load and Definitions  definition  Wind Definition  Add  Type no  1 
comments  Wind X  Add  Type no  2  comments  Wind Z  Add  close.

12. Select type 1  Add  intensity  Enter calculated values with different height  Add 
Exposure  0.95  Add  Close.

13. Similarly Repeat the above step for Type 2

14. Load case details  Add  Load type  Wind  Title  WL X  Add  WL –X  Add
 WL Z  Add  WL –Z  Add  Close.

15. Select WL X  Add  Wind Load  Select type  1. Regular  X (Windward)  Factor
 0.50  Add  Close.

16. Repeat the above step for WL –X  Factor  -0.90  Add  Close.

17. Select WL X  Add  Wind Load  Select type  1. Regular  -X (Leeward)  Factor 
0.40  Add  Close.

18. Repeat the above step for  -Z (Leeward)  Factor  0.70 & -0.70  Add  Close.

19. Select WL -X  Add  Wind Load  Select type  1. Regular  -X (Leeward)  Factor
 0  Add  Close.

20. Repeat the above step for  -Z (Leeward)  Factor  0.30 & -0.30  Add  Close.

21. Select WL Z  Add  Wind Load  Select type  2. Regular  Z (Windward)  Factor
 0.50  Add  Close.

22. Repeat the above step for WL –Z  Factor  -0.90  Add  Close.

23. Select WL Z  Add  Wind Load  Select type  2. Regular  -Z (Leeward)  Factor 
0.40  Add  Close.

24. Repeat the above step for  –X (Leeward)  Factor  0.70 & -0.70  Add  Close.

25. Select WL Z  Add  Wind Load  Select type  2. Regular  -Z (Leeward)  Factor 
0  Add  Close.

26. Repeat the above step for  –X (Leeward)  Factor  0.30 & -0.30  Add  Close.

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 27. Load cases details  Add  Load type  Dead load  Title  DL  Add  Title  FL 
Add  RL  EW  Add  IW  Add  PW  Add.

28. Load type  Live Load  Title  LL  add  Close.

29. Select DL  Add  Factor  -4.5  Add  Close  Assign.

30. Select FL  Add  Floor Load  Pressure  -1  Define Y range  Min  3m  Max
 18m  Assign.

31. Repeat the above step for RL  Pressure  -2  Y range  Min  21m  Max  21m 
Assign.

32. Select EW  Add  Member Load  Uniform Force  Force  -13.8kN/m  Add 
Close  Assign for External beams.

33. Repeat the above step for IW  Force  -6.9kN/m  Assign for Internal beams.

34. Repeat the step for PW  Force  -4.6kN/m  Assign for external beams in Roof.

35. Design  Concrete  Code  IS 456  select parameters  Fc , Fy main , Fy sec  OK.

36. Select Fc  30000 kN/m2  Assign.

37. Select Fy main  500000 kN/m2  Assign.

38. Select Fy sec  500000 kN/m2  Assign.

39. Commands  Design beam  Add  Design Column  Add  Design Slab  Add 
Take off  Add  Close  Assign.

40. Analysis/print  perform Analysis  All data  Add and Close  Run Analysis

41. Commands  Loading  Edit auto load rules  Generate the table based on required
combinations  Update table  Close.

42. Load case details  Add  Auto load combinations  Select your code  Generate loads 
Add  Close.

43. Post processing  Load Combinations  Results  Critical Beams, Columns, and Slab and
Structure Reinforcement Details

RESULTS

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