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The document outlines various mathematical topics across multiple units, including Differential Calculus, Ordinary Differential Equations, Linear Algebra, Vector Calculus, and Probability. Key concepts covered include partial derivatives, maxima and minima, ODEs, matrix theory, probability distributions, and statistical analysis. Each unit provides foundational knowledge essential for advanced studies in mathematics and its applications.

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431m2rn14g
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2 views

Unit_1_with_checkboxes

The document outlines various mathematical topics across multiple units, including Differential Calculus, Ordinary Differential Equations, Linear Algebra, Vector Calculus, and Probability. Key concepts covered include partial derivatives, maxima and minima, ODEs, matrix theory, probability distributions, and statistical analysis. Each unit provides foundational knowledge essential for advanced studies in mathematics and its applications.

Uploaded by

431m2rn14g
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 1: Differential Calculus

Uni t 1 :Di ffer enti al C alc ul us


-
- Partial derivatives
P artial derivatives
- Chain rule
-
- Differentiation of implicit functions
Chain rule
- - Exact differentials

- Maxima,nminima,
D ifferentiatio and saddle points
of im plicitfunctio ns
- - Method of Lagrange multipliers
Exac t- differentials
Differentiation under integral sign
- - Jacobians and transformations of coordinates
M axim a,m inim a, and saddle po ints
-
Unit 2: Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs)
M etho do fL agrangem ultipliers
-
- Basic concepts
D ifferentiatio n under integral sign
- - Geometric meaning of \( y' = f(x, y) \)

Jaco bians and fields


- Direction t ransfo rm atio nso f coo rdinate s
Uni t 2- Euler’s
: Or dimethod
nary Di ffer ential E quati ons ( ODEs)
- - Separable ODEs
Basic co ncepts
- Exact ODEs
-
- Integrating factors
Geomet ricmeaning o f
- Linear ODEs
\
(y ' = -f(x,y
Bernoulli
) equation
\ - Population dynamics

) - Orthogonal trajectories
- - Homogeneous linear ODEs with constant coefficients
D irectio n fields operators
- Differential
-
- Modeling of free oscillations of a mass-spring system
■u ■■■■■Z■} ■ˆ
- Euler–Cauchy equations
-
- Wronskian
Separable OD Es
- - Nonhomogeneous ODEs

Exac - Solution by variation of parameters


t OD Es
-
Inte grating facto rs
-
- Power series method for solution of ODEs
- - Legendre’s equation
Po we r se riesm et ho d fo rso lutio n o f O DEs
- Legendre polynomials
-
- Bessel’s equation
■■■P■■■v■ˆ■„■■ ■‰■µ■■■■■]■} ■v
- Bessel’s functions \( J_n(x) \) and \( Y_n(x) \)
-
- Gamma
L egendre function
po ly nom ials
-
■o■[ Unit
■‰■µ■■■■■]■}
3: Linear Algebra ■v
-
■o■[■■■■■]■}
- Matrices and ■v
determinants
\
- Gauss elimination
( J_n(x)
- Linear independence
\
- Rank of a matrix
) and
\ - Vector space

- Solutions of linear systems and concept of existence, uniqueness


( Y _n(x)
\ - Determinants
) - Cramer’s rule
- - Gauss–Jordan elimination
Gamm a functio n
- The matrix eigenvalue problem
Uni t 3 :Li near Alg ebr a
- Determining eigenvalues and eigenvectors
-
- Symmetric, skew-symmetric, and orthogonal matrices
M atrices and det erm inants
- - Eigenbases

Gauss- Diagonalization
e lim inatio n
- - Quadratic forms
L inear- Cayley–Hamilton
independence theorem (without proof)
-
Ranko f am atrix
Unit 4: Vector Calculus
-
Vecto r space
- Vector and scalar functions and their fields
-
- Derivatives
So lutio ns o f linear sy stems and c o ncepto fex istence,
- Curves, arc length, curvature, torsion
uniqueness
-
D eterm inants
-
■„■µ■o■■
- Gradient of a scalar field
- - Directional derivative
Gradiento f ascalar field
- Divergence of a vector field
-
- Curl of a vector field
D irectio nal derivative
- Line integrals
-
- Path independence
D ivergence o f av ecto roffield
line integrals

- - Double integrals

Curl o-fGreen’s
a vectotheorem
r field in the plane
- - Surfaces for surface integrals
L ine integrals
- Surface integrals
-
- Triple integrals
P ath independenceo f line inte grals
- Stokes theorem
-
- Divergence theorem of Gauss
D o uble integrals
-
Unit I:
■Z■■■} Probability
■„■■■u■■■v■■
-
Surfaces fo r surface
- Probability integrals
spaces, conditional probability, independence
- - Discrete random variables, continuous random variables and their properties
Surface integrals
- Distribution functions and densities, exponential and gamma densities
-
- Independent random variables, the multinomial distribution
Triple integrals
- Chebyshev's inequality, Bayes' rule
-
Sto kes theo rem
- Unit II: Basic Statistics

D ive
rgence- Measures
t heo remof ocentral
fGausstendency: moments, skewness, and kurtosis
Uni t I -:Pr obabi lidistributions:
Probability ty binomial, Poisson, and normal
-
- Evaluation of statistical parameters for these three distributions
P ro bability spaces ,co nditio nal pro bability , independence
- Correlation and regression, rank correlation
-
D iscret e random v ariables, c o ntinuo us random v ariables and t heir pro perties
- Unit III: Applied Statistics

D istributio n functio ns and densities, e xpo nentialand gam ma densitie


s
-
Independent random v ariables, t he m ultinom ial distributio n
-
- Curve fitting by the method of least squares
- - Fitting of straight lines, second-degree parabolas, and more general curves
Curv e fitt ing by t hemet ho d o f least squares
- Test of significance: large sample test for single proportion, difference of proportions, single mean,
- difference of means, and difference of standard deviations
Fitt ing o f st raight lines, seco nd
-
Unit IV: Linear Algebra
degree parabo las, and mo re general curv es
-
- Cramer's rule, singular value decomposition
Te st o f significance: largesam plete st fo r single pro po rtio n, differenceo f pro portio ns, singlem ean,
- Euclidean
differenceo vectorand
fm eans, spaces, projectiono f st andard dev iatio ns
difference
Uni t I -V:Li
Hermitian and unitary matrices, Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization

- LUebr
near Alg decomposition
a
-
Cramer's rule,singular v alue deco m po sitio n
-
Euclidean vecto r spaces ,pro jectio n
-
Herm itian and unitary m atrices,Gram
-
Schm idt o rthogo nalizatio n
-
L U decom positio n

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