ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM
DESIGN &
COMPUTATION
• Terms and Definition
• PEC 2017
• Lighting and Receptacle Loads
• Motor Loads
• Load Scheduling
Overview • Conductor and Grounding Sizing
• Conduit/Pipe Sizing
• Overcurrent Protection
• Distribution Transformer and
Generator Sizing
• And many more..
Schedule of Loads
“Schedule of loads are just a summary of data to easily identify and facilitate the
necessary values and equipment rating to be used in any electrical installation. Any
data given in the schedule of loads were backed by calculation based on a well
settled electrical principles and code requirements”. –www.scribd.com
Continuous Load
Any type of load in which the maximum current runs for more than three hours is
TERMS & DEFINITIONS considered as continuous load.
Ampacity
It is the amount of current a conductor can carry without exceeding its specified
temperature.
Demand Factor
It is the ratio of the peak load to the connected load.
Service Entrance Conductors
It is the conductor from the main service point to the main disconnecting means.
Overcurrent-Protective Device
They refer to breakers, fuses and others, properly rated for disconnection/isolation
purposes in the event of overloads, short-circuits and other electrical phenomena
that can damage the electrical system/equipment.
TERMS & DEFINITIONS
Overcurrent
Any current more than the rated current of the equipment or conductor.
Kilo Ampere Interrupting Capacity (KAIC)
It refers to the measurement or the ability of the circuit breaker to withstand short-
circuit events.
Article 1.3.2 Plans and Specifications
Article 1.3.2 Plans and Specifications
Article 1.3.2.1 Plan Requirements
(a) Location and Site Plans
PEC 2017
(b) Legend or Symbols
(c) General Notes and/or Specifications
(d) Electrical Layout
(e) Schedule of Loads
(f) Design Analysis
(g) One Line Diagram
Article 1.10.3.5 Workspace and Guarding
Article 1.10.3.5 (d) Illumination.
PHILIPPINE Illumination shall be provided for all working spaces about electrical equipment. The
ELECTRICAL CODE lighting outlets shall be arranged so that persons changing lamps or making repairs on the
lighting system are not endangered by live parts or other equipment.
Article 2.10.2.2 Conductors Minimum Ampacity and Size
Article 2.10.2.2 (A) Branch Circuits Not More Than 600 Volts.
(1) General. Branch circuit conductors shall have an ampacity not less than the maximum
load to be served. Conductors shall be sized to carry not less than the larger of 2.10.2.2
(A)(1)(a) or (b).
PHILIPPINE (a) Where a branch circuit supplies continuous loads or any combination of continuous
ELECTRICAL CODE and non-continuous loads, the minimum branch circuit conductor size shall have an
allowable ampacity not less than the non-continuous load plus 125% of the continuous
load.
(b) The maximum branch circuit conductor size shall have an allowable ampacity not less
the maximum load to be served after the application of any adjustment or correction
factors.
Article 2.10.2.3 Overcurrent Protection.
Branch circuit conductors and equipment shall be protected by overcurrent protective
devices that have a rating or setting that complies with 2.10.2.3(A) through (D).
(A) Continuous and Non-Continuous Loads. Where a branch circuit supplies
continuous loads or any combination of continuous and non-continuous loads, the rating
LIGHTING AND of the overcurrent device shall not be less than the non-continuous load plus 125% of the
RECEPTACLE LOADS continuous load.
Formula:
Ic = required conductor size or ampacity to served lighting and receptacle loads.
Ic = (125%) Continuous Load + Non-Continuous Load
Ic ≈ OVERCURRENT PROTECTIVE DEVICE
Article 4.30.2.4 Several Motors or a Motor(s) and Other Loads.
Conductors supplying several motors, or a motor(s) and other load(s), shall have an
ampacity not less than 125% of the full-load current rating of the highest rated motor plus
the sum of the full-load current ratings of all the other motors in the group, as determined
by 4.30.1.6(a), plus the ampacity required for the other loads.
COMBINATION OF
MOTOR, LIGHTING &
RECEPTACLE LOADS Formula:
Ic = required conductor size or ampacity to served the combination of loads.
Ic = (125%) Highest Motor Rated Current + Σ(Other Motor Full-Load Currents) +
(125%) Continuous Load + Non-Continuous Load
Article 4.30.5.2 Rating or Setting – Motor Load.
(a) Specific Load. A feeder supplying a specific fixed motor load(s) and consisting of
conductor sizes based on 4.30.2.4 shall be provided with a protective device having a rating
or setting not greater than the largest rating or setting of the branch-circuit short circuit and
ground-fault protective device for any motor supplied by the feeder [based on the
maximum permitted value for the specific type of a protective device in accordance with
4.30.4.2, or 4.40.3.2(a) for hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors], plus the sum of the
full-load currents of the other motors of the group.
COMBINATION OF
MOTOR, LIGHTING & Article 4.30.5.3 Rating or Setting – Power and Lighting Loads.
RECEPTACLE LOADS Where a feeder supplies a motor load and, in addition, a lighting or a lighting and appliance
load, the feeder protective device shall have a rating sufficient to carry the lighting or
lighting and appliance load, plus the following:
(1) For a single motor, the rating permitted by 4.30.4.2
(2) For a single-hermetic refrigerant motor-compressor, the rating permitted by 4.40.3.2
(3) For two or more motors, the rating permitted by 4.30.5.2
Formula:
OCPD = Over-Current Protective Device required.
OCPD= CB Rating Highest Motor Rated Current + Σ(Other Motor Full-Load Currents)
+ (125%) Continuous Load + Non-Continuous Load
AIR-CONDITIONING LOADS (HERMETIC REFRIGERANT MOTOR COMPRESSORS)
They are motors for air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment.
Conductor Sizing: IFL = (125%) (Full-Load Current)
Overcurrent-Protective Device: IFL = (175%) (Full-Load Current)
AIR-CONDITIONING
LOADS (HERMETIC
REFRIGERANT MOTOR
COMPRESSORS)
AIR-CONDITIONING
LOADS (HERMETIC
REFRIGERANT MOTOR DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION
COMPRESSORS)
Compute the conductor and OCPD size of a single-phase 1 HP Air-Conditioning Unit.
Conductor Ampacity = (125%) (8) = 10 Amperes
OCPD Sizing = (175%) (8) = 14 Amperes
✓ Use 2-3.5 mm2 THHN Wire
✓ Use 20 AT/50 AF, 2 Pole, 230 V, Molded Case Circuit Breaker
MOTOR SETTING & OVERLOAD PROTECTION.
Conductor Sizing: IFL = (125%) (Motor Full-Load Current)
Overcurrent-Protective Device:
Non-Time Delay Fuse: IFL = (175%) (Motor Full-Load Current)
Instantaneous Trip Circuit Breaker: IFL = (800%) (Motor Full-Load Current)
MOTOR OVERLOAD Inverse-Time Circuit Breaker: IFL = (250%) (Full-Load Current)
PROTECTION
DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION
Compute the conductor and OCPD size of a single-phase 3/4 HP AC Motor.
Conductor Ampacity = (125%) (6.9) = 8.625 Amperes
OCPD Sizing = (250%) (6.9) = 17.25 Amperes
✓ Use 2-3.5 mm2 THHN Wire
✓ Use 20 AT/50 AF Inverse-Time CB, 2 Pole, 230 V, MCCB
MOTOR SETTING & OVERLOAD PROTECTION.
DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION
Compute the conductor and OCPD size of the following group of motors:
½ HP = 4.9 Amps
1 HP = 8 Amps.
MOTOR OVERLOAD 2 HP = 12 Amps.
PROTECTION
Conductor Ampacity = (125% Highest Motor FLC) + Σ Other Motor FLC’s
= (125%) (12) + 8 + 4.9
= 27.9 Amperes
OCPD Sizing = Over-Current Protective Device required.
OCPD Sizing = CB Rating of Highest Motor Rated Current + Σ(Other
Motor Full-Load Currents)
= (30) + 8 + 4.9
= 42.9 Amperes
✓ Use 2-8.0 mm2 THHN Wire
✓ Use 50 AT/50 AF Inverse-Time CB, 2 Pole, 230 V, MCCB
Protection Coordination & Protection.
Conductor Ampacity = (125% Highest Motor FLC) + Σ Other Motor FLC’s
= (125%) (12) + 8 + 4.9
= 27.9 Amperes
OCPD Sizing = 42.9 Amperes
MOTOR OVERLOAD
PROTECTION
Note: Since the breaker is size at 50 AT, it will not trip unless the current reach the
said capacity rating. During overload conditions (let’s say that the current flowing
in the circuit is 45 Amperes, the 3.5 mm2 and 5.5 mm2 conductor cannot
withstand this amount of current and in time will melt/burn. But on the other
hand, the circuit breaker will not trip since it is size-up at 50 A which is greater
than the overload current of 45 Amperes.
GROUNDING CONDUCTOR
GROUNDING
DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION
Compute the conductor and OCPD size of the following group of motors:
½ HP = 4.9 Amps
1 HP = 8 Amps.
2 HP = 12 Amps.
Conductor Ampacity = (125% Highest Motor FLC) + Σ Other Motor FLC’s
= (125%) (12) + 8 + 4.9
= 27.9 Amperes
GROUNDING OCPD Sizing = Over-Current Protective Device required.
OCPD Sizing = CB Rating of Highest Motor Rated Current + Σ (Other Motor Full-Load Currents)
= (30) + 8 + 4.9
= 42.9 Amperes
✓ Use 2-8.0 mm2 THHN Wire
✓ Use 50 AT/50 AF Inverse-Time CB, 2 Pole, 230 V, MCCB
❖ RECOMMENDED GROUNDING CONDUCTOR TO BE USED:
USE ONE OF 5.5 mm2 (2.6) copper conductor
CONDUIT / PIPE SIZING
DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATION
✓ Use 2-8.0 mm2 THHN Wire + 5.5 mm2 (Grounding)
✓ Use 50 AT/50 AF Inverse-Time CB, 2 Pole, 230 V, MCCB
CONDUIT / PIPE SIZING
Assuming that we will be using PVC Conduit:
❑ From the table above, we can see that the standard size of 20 mm diameter conduit can hold 2-8.0 mm2
and 5.5 mm2 grounding conductors.
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER SIZING
KVA Rating = (I FL x System Voltage) / 1000
KVA Rating = [ (23.42 Amperes) x (240 Volts) ] / 1000
Note: We used 240 Volts as the system voltage since distribution transformers are rated 120/240 volts as
referred to the secondary side.
KVA Rating = 5.621
RECOMMENDED TRANSFORMER SIZE : 10 KVA, 13.2/7.62 KV HIGH VOLTAGE SIDE, 120/240 VOLT SECONDARY SIDE
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER SIZING
KVA Rating = (I FL x System Voltage x 1.732) / 1000
KVA Rating = [ (6.8 + (1.732)(10.81)) x (240 Volts) x 1.732 ] / 1000
Note: We used 240 Volts as the system voltage since distribution transformers are rated 120/240 volts as
referred to the secondary side.
KVA Rating = 10.609
RECOMMENDED TRANSFORMER SIZE : 15 KVA, 13.2/7.62 KV HIGH VOLTAGE SIDE, 120/240 VOLT SECONDARY SIDE
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER SIZING
KVA Rating = (I FL x System Voltage x 1.732) / 1000
KVA Rating = [ (6.8 + 10.81) x (240 Volts) x 1.732 ] / 1000
Note: We used 240 Volts as the system voltage since distribution transformers are rated 120/240 volts as
referred to the secondary side.
KVA Rating = 7.32
RECOMMENDED TRANSFORMER SIZE : 15 KVA, 13.2/7.62 KV HIGH VOLTAGE SIDE, 120/240 VOLT SECONDARY SIDE
CURRENT & POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER SIZING
RECOMMENDED TRANSFORMER SIZE BASED ON KVA RATING
