National Institute of Technology Calicut

Department of Mathematics
MA2012E Mathematics IV, Tutorial sheet – II

1. Find k so that the following can serve as the p.d.f. of a random variable x, with
0 , 𝑥<0
2
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘 𝑥 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 , 𝑥>0

2. In a certain city the daily consumption of electric power (in million of kilowatt hours) is a
random variable having the probability density
1 𝑥
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 𝑒 −3 , 𝑥>0
9
0 , 𝑥≤0

If a city’s power plant has a daily capacity of 12 million kilowatt hours, what is the
probability that the power supply will be inadequate on any given day?
1 𝑥−𝑎 2
− ( ) 1
3. Show that 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑘 𝑒 2 𝑏 , −∞ < 𝑥 < ∞, is a valid p.d.f. if k =
𝑏 √2𝜋
4. The mileage in thousands of miles which car owners get with a certain kind of tyre is a
𝑥
1
random variable having p.d.f. 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑒 − 20 , 𝑥 > 0 and 0 otherwise. Find the
20
probability that one of these tyres will last (a) almost 10,000 miles, (b) anywhere from
10,000 to 20,000 miles (c) at least 30,000 miles.
5. The average daily procurement of fresh milk producers union is 40,000 liters and the
minimum is 25,000 liters/day. Assuming uniform distribution, find out maximum milk
procurement and the probability that the procurement will exceed 35,000 liters.
6. Let a random variable X be N (𝜇, 𝜎 2 ). Find k as a function of 𝜇 and 𝜎 such that P(X≤
k = 2P(X>k). Find k if 𝜇 = 3 and 𝜎 = 2.
7. A random variable has N (62.4,𝜎 2 ). Find the S.D if the probability is 0.20 that it will take
on a value greater than 79.2.
8. Assuming that the diameter of 1000 plugs taken at random follows a normal distribution N
(0.7515,0.0022), how many of the plugs are likely to be rejected if the approved diameter
is 0.75± 0.004cm?
9. In a newly constructed township 2,000 lamps were installed. If the lamps have an average
life of 1000 burning hours with a S.D of 200 hours. (a) What is the number of lamps
expected to fail in the first 700 burning hours (b) After, what period 10% of the lamps
would have been failed (Assume normal distribution for the life of lamps)
10. The marks obtained by students in an examination are known to follow a normal
distribution of which 30% got under 35 and 10% got above 60. Find the mean and S.D.
11. A manufacturer produces bolts that are specified to be between 1.19 and 1.21 inches in
diameter. If his production process results in a bolt’s diameter being normally distributed
with mean 1.20 inches and S.D 0.005, what percentage of bolts will not meet specification?
12. The lifetime of interactive computer chips produced by a certain semi-conductor
manufacturer are normally distributed having mean 4.4 x 106 hours with a S.D of 3
5
x 10 hours. If a mainframe manufacturer requires that at least 90% of the chips from a
large batch will have lifetime of at least 3.8 x 106 hours should he contract with the
semiconductor firm?
13. If X is a binomial with parameters n = 150, p = 0.6, compute the value of P(X≤ 80) and
compare with its normal approximation (a) making use of and (b) not making use of the
continuity correction.
14. A safety engineer feels that 30% of all industrial accidents of in a plant are caused by failure
of employees to follow instructions. If this figure is correct, find approximately the
probability that among 84 industrial accidents in this plant anywhere from 20 to 30 (both
inclusive) will be due to failure of employees to follow instructions.
15. If a random variable has Gamma distribution with ∝= 2 , 𝛽=2, find its mean and S.D.
16. The amount of time that a watch will run without having to be reset is a random variable
having the exponential distribution with 𝜇 = 50 days. Find the probability that the watch
will (a) have to be reset in less than 20 days (b) not have to be reset in at least 60 days.
17. The length of time for one individual to be served at cafeteria is a random variable having
an exponential distribution with a mean of 4 minutes. What is the probability that a person
is served in less than 3 minutes on at least 4 of the next 6 days? Exponential to Binomial
18. The lifetime in weeks of a certain type of transistor is known to follow a gamma distribution
with mean 10 weeks and standard deviation √50 weeks. What is the probability that the
transistor will last at most 50 weeks? What is the probability that the transistor will not
survive the first 10 weeks?
19. Prove that (a) E(X+Y) = E(X) + E(Y) (b) E(XY) = E(X)E(Y) if X and Y are independent.
20. If two random variables X, Y have the joint density

6
𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝑦2 , 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 0 < 𝑦 < 1
5
0 otherwise
Find P (0.2 < X < 0.5, 0.4 < Y< 0.6).
21. The joint probability density function of X and Y is given by

6 𝑥𝑦
𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦) = (𝑥 2 + ) , 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 0 < 𝑦 < 2
7 2
0 otherwise
Verify that this is indeed a joint density function. Compute the density function of X.
Find P(X>Y).
22. The joint density function of X and Y is given by
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑒 −2𝑦 , 0 < 𝑥 < ∞ , 0 < 𝑦 < ∞
0 elsewhere

Compute (a) k (b) P(X>1, Y<1) (c) P (X<Y) (d) P (X< a)

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