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Module 9-10 Science 5

The document is a lesson module for Grade 5 students on the topic of estuaries, detailing their characteristics, zones, and the interactions between living and non-living things within these ecosystems. It outlines intended learning outcomes, provides content on estuary ecosystems, feeding relationships, and the importance of protecting estuaries, along with assessments and activities for students. The module emphasizes the unique adaptations of organisms in estuaries and the challenges they face in their environment.

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Prexy Grace Ramer
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15 views

Module 9-10 Science 5

The document is a lesson module for Grade 5 students on the topic of estuaries, detailing their characteristics, zones, and the interactions between living and non-living things within these ecosystems. It outlines intended learning outcomes, provides content on estuary ecosystems, feeding relationships, and the importance of protecting estuaries, along with assessments and activities for students. The module emphasizes the unique adaptations of organisms in estuaries and the challenges they face in their environment.

Uploaded by

Prexy Grace Ramer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tuguegarao Archdiocesan Schools System

Saint Joseph’s College of Baggao, Inc.


Baggao, Cagayan, Philippines
Transforming Lives, Shaping the Future
Subject Science Grade Level 5
Teacher PREXY GRACE A. RAMER Term and A.Y. 2020-2021

MODULE 9-10
INTERACTIONS IN ESTUARIES
I. Overview
Estuary is the area where a river meets the sea. Estuaries are special because they are
transition zone from fresh to salt water. An estuary can be divided into three zones: supratidal,
intertidal and subtidal zone. Estuaries are not only unique in their environmental conditions but also
in the organisms that call his special place “home”. Only certain organisms can tolerate the high salt
concentration in the waters and its fluctuating temperatures.
II. Intended Learning Outcomes:
a. describe an estuary;
b. discuss the interactions for survival among living things and non-living things in estuaries and
intertidal zones.
III. Learning References:
1. T.R.E.K. 5 (Technology. Research. Experiment. Knowledge)
By: Geraldine O. Magbanua
IV. Content/ Lecture: (8 hours)
Good day kids! How are you?
This day, you will learn about the interactions in estuaries.
Interactions in Estuaries
What is estuary?
Estuary is the area where a river meets the sea. Estuaries are special because they are
transition zone from fresh to salt water. An estuary can be divided into three zones:
1. Supratidal Zone is located towards the upland and receives moisture from waves.
2. Intertidal Zone is the area that ocean tides cover and uncover in a regular cycle. Sometimes
this zone is under water. At other times, it is exposed to the sun and air.
3. Subtidal Zone is always submerged in water and can contain reefs and all sorts of marine life.
Estuaries are not only unique in their environmental conditions but also in the organisms that call
his special place “home”. Only certain organisms can tolerate the high salt concentration in the
waters and its fluctuating temperatures. Marine plants and animals living in estuaries are
especially adapted to these often drastic changes. This means that their bodies are already
adjusted to sudden changes in the environment.
The part of the estuary where it is nearest an ocean or sea is called its mouth. In this area,
water has the highest salt concentration (saltiest) compared to the other parts of the estuary. The
area where an estuary connects to the river is called the headwaters. Water here has the lowest slt
concentration (least salty). Salinity is the term for the amount of salt concentration.
The mixing nutrients from both fresh and salt water, that abundant sunlight, and shallow
depths make estuaries very rich and productive ecosystem. The animals that are adapted to
estuarine conditions are quite happy to take advantage of this productivity. These organisms tend
to use estuaries as nurseries- places where they can grow quickly and produce large populations.
Advantages of Living in Intertidal Zone
1. Algae and other intertidal plants grow in the abundant sunlight and support an entire
food chain of animals.
2. Constant wave action supplies the tide pool with nutrients and oxygen.
3. Food is abundant.
4. A varied substrate provides hiding places and surfaces to cling to.

Challenges of Living in the Intertidal Zone


1. Plentiful sunlight, which helps intertidal plant life grow, can also rapidly dry up moisture and
increase the water temperature.
2. Waves that bring in much-needed nutrients and moisture can also carry unprotected animals
out to sea.
3. As the tides rise and fall, the salt concentration constantly changes. Animals living in the
intertidal zone must be able to tolerate wide salinity variations.
4. If sufficient nutrients are available, intertidal animals reproduce rapidly, so they constantly
compete for space, light and food.
5. Animals are also exposed to predators while the tide is out.
Estuary Ecosystems
Estuaries are made up of many different types of habitats. These habitats may include oyster
reefs, coral reefs, rocky shores, submerged aquatic vegetation, marshes and mangroves.
Feeding Relationships in Estuary
 Predator – Prey
This is an interaction between two organisms of unlike species. One of them acts as predator
that captures and feeds on the other organism serving as prey. Animals that live in intertidal
zone have a variety of predators that consume them. When the tide is in, they are preyed
upon by sea animals like fish. When the tide is out, they are preyed upon by land animals
including foxes and humans. Birds and marine mammals prey upon intertidal organisms.
 Herbivory
Herbivory is eating solely plants, especially living ones. Sea urchins live in the intertidal zone
and prey upon kelp and other plants.
 Parasitism
Is the relationship between two different kinds of organisms. One receives benefits from the
other host by causing damage to it. An example of this is round worms in fish. Round worms
sap the nutrients from the intestines of fish. By stealing their nutrients, they steal the fish’s
food and are able to feed themselves. This is because the worm benefits from receiving the
food, and the fish suffers, it is an example of parasitism.
 Resource Partitioning
The process by which natural selection drives competing species into different patterns of use
for food, shelter, or other assets.
 Mutualism
The relationship between two organisms where both of them benefit. The tortoise shell,
limpet and coralline crust algae are examples of mutualism. The limpet gets a constant source
of food and a smooth surface to feed on. The algae benefits by having its surface cleaned by
the limpet, the algae would suffocate under debris and faster growing algae would overtake
its surface.
 Commensalism
A relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits without affecting the
other. An example of this is the clown fish and sea anemone. The clown fish is unaffected by
the stinging tentacles of the sea anemone. The clown fish receives protection while the sea
anemone does not benefit nor is affected by the presence of fish.

Food Chain and Food Webs in Estuary


A food chain is a diagram showing “who eats what” in an ecosystem. A single tide pool
contains many food chains.
Look at the example of food chain on page 114-115.
All the food chains in an ecosystem can be interconnected to form a food web, a complex
diagram showing all the interconnecting predator-prey relationships in an ecosystem.
For an example of a food web, refer on page 115.
Why Protect Estuaries?
For the reasons why there’s a need for us to protect Estuaries, refer on page 116.
The increasing of population of people in estuaries upsets the natural balance of estuarine
ecosystems. The people impose increased pressures on them.
V. Learning Activity/Supplementary Activity
On your book, answer page 118-119 letter A and C.
VI. Generalization
 For the summary of the lesson, read on page 120.
VII. Assessment
Identify the term being described I the context of the lesson.
___________ 1. It is the part of the estuary with high salinity.
___________ 2. A diagram showing who eats what in the ecosystem.
___________ 3. The area that ocean tides cover and uncover in a regular cycle.
___________ 4. The relationship between two organisms where both of them benefit.
___________ 5. The area where a river meets the sea.

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