MAHARAJA SAWAI BHAWANI SINGH SCHOOL, JAIPUR

Class-IX/Science/Ch.10/Work and energy

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SECTION A – Multiple Choice Questions / Assertion and Reason based questions (1 mark each)

Q1. When a body falls freely towards the Earth, then its total energy:
(a) increases. (b) decreases.
(c) remains constant. (d) first increases and then decreases.

Q2. With regard to the unit of power, which is the correct ascending order of their values?
(a) kW - GW - MW (b) GW - kW - MW
(c) MW - GW - kW (d) kW - MW - GW

Q3. Compare the energy possessed by virtue of position for the 2 bodies shown below:

(a) By virtue of their positions, the energy possessed by body A is half the energy possessed
by body B.
(b) By virtue of their positions, the energy possessed by body A is twice the energy possessed
by body B.
(c) By virtue of their positions, the energy possessed by body A is 4 times the energy possessed
by body B.
(d) By virtue of their positions, the energy possessed by both Body A and Body B is the same.

Q4. A 50 kg skydiver jumps from a height of 20 m. What would be his kinetic and potential energies
when he is halfway down? Assume g =10 m/s2.
(a) KE = 5,000 J; PE = 5,000 J (b) KE = 0 J; PE = 10,000 J
(c) KE = 10,000 J; PE = 0 J (d) KE = 10,000 J; PE = 10,000 J

Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer the questions given
below selecting the appropriate option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Q5. Assertion (A): The kinetic energy, with any reference, must be positive.
Reason (R): In the expression for kinetic energy, the velocity appears with power 2 and mass is
a scalar quantity.
Q6. Assertion (A): Watt hour is the unit of energy.
Reason (R): Kilowatt-hour (kWh) is the unit of electric power.

Q7. Assertion (A): A porter working on horizontal platform with load on his head does not do any work.
Reason (R): No work is said to be done, if directions of force and displacement of load are
perpendicular to each other.

Q8. Assertion (A): A crane P lifts a car upto a certain height in 1 min. Another crane Q lifts the same car
upto the same height in 2 min. Then crane P consumes double fuel than crane Q.
Reason (R): Crane P supplies two times more power than crane Q.

SECTION B – Very Short Answer Type Questions (2 marks each)

Q1. Explain and give one example each of positive and zero work.

Q2. Calculate the work done against the gravity.

Q3. List two conditions which need to be satisfied for the work to be done on an object.

Q4. Give an example where the displacement of a particle is in the direction opposite to a force acting
on this particle.

Q5. (a) Why does a saw become warm when it is used to cut a log of wood?
(b) From where do we get energy for the life processes?

Q6. Give one example each of potential energy: (a) due to position (b) due to shape.

SECTION C – Short Answer Type Questions (3 marks each)

Q1. A rocket is moving up with a velocity v. If the velocity of this rocket is suddenly tripled, what will be
the ratio of two kinetic energies?

Q2. A boy having mass of 35 kg sits on a trolley of mass 5 kg. The trolley is given an initial velocity of
4 m/s by applying a force. The trolley comes to rest after traversing a distance of 16 m.
(a) How much work is done on the trolley?
(b) How much work is done by the boy?

Q3. State the type of energy transformation taking place in each of the following:
(a) Electric heater
(b) Solar battery
(c) Dynamo
(d) Steam engine
(e) Hydroelectric power station
(f) Electric bulb
 SECTION D – Long Answer Type Questions (5 marks each)

Q1. A car of mass 900 kg is travelling at a steady speed of 30 m/s against a resistive force of 2000 N, as
illustrated in figure:

(a) Calculate the kinetic energy of the car.

(b) Calculate the energy used in 1.0 s against the resistive force.
(c) What is the minimum power that the car engine has to deliver to the wheels?
(d) What form of energy in the fuel, is used by the engine to drive the car?

Q2. (a) Two masses in the ratio 1:4 have their speeds in the ratio 4:5. Find the ratio of their kinetic energy.
(b) The heart does 1.5 J of work in every beat. How many times per minute does it beat if its power
is 2 W?

SECTION E – Case study based / source-based question (4 marks)

Read the following passage and answer the questions from (a) to (c):

Q1. We are often interested not only in how much work is done but also in how fast it is done. The rate
at which work is done is called power. We determine the average power of a machine or device (or
person) by dividing the work it does by the time it takes to complete it. The SI unit in which power
is measured is the joule/second (J/s) or the watt (W). The power supplied by an engine, motor, etc.,
that does work at the rate of 1 joule per second is 1 watt. A watt is therefore the rate at which a force
of 1N does work when it moves a body at the rate of 1 m/s in the direction of the applied force. Since
the watt is a relatively small unit of power, it is more often convenient to measure power in kilowatts
(100 watts). A kilowatt of power is equivalent to 1000 watts. A nonmetric unit of power commonly
used in commerce and industry in the US is horsepower (hp). One horsepower is equivalent to
746 watts.

(a) A lamp consumes 1000 J of electrical energy in 10 s. What is its power?

(b) What is power? How do you differentiate kilowatt from kilowatt hour?
(c) A person A does 500 J of work in 10 minutes and another person B does 600 J of work in 20
minutes. What is the power delivered by A and B?