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Civil Disobedience Movement

The Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), led by Mahatma Gandhi, featured key events such as the Salt March, where Gandhi broke British salt laws, and widespread participation across India. The movement faced British repression, resulting in mass arrests and the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, which temporarily halted the protests. Ultimately, the movement strengthened the Indian independence struggle and laid the groundwork for future movements, empowering citizens to challenge colonial rule.

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Veer Gupta
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20 views3 pages

Civil Disobedience Movement

The Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934), led by Mahatma Gandhi, featured key events such as the Salt March, where Gandhi broke British salt laws, and widespread participation across India. The movement faced British repression, resulting in mass arrests and the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, which temporarily halted the protests. Ultimately, the movement strengthened the Indian independence struggle and laid the groundwork for future movements, empowering citizens to challenge colonial rule.

Uploaded by

Veer Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Civil Disobedience Movement (1930–1934)

Key Events
1. Salt March (March 12 – April 6, 1930)
 Mahatma Gandhi led the famous Salt March from Sabarmati Ashram to
Dandi, covering 240 miles in 24 days.
 At Dandi, he broke the British salt laws by making salt, which became a
symbol of defiance.
 Inspired millions of Indians to produce salt and boycott British salt.
2. Nationwide Participation
 People refused to pay taxes, boycotted British goods, and defied unfair
laws.
 The movement spread across India, involving women, farmers,
students, and workers.
3. British Repression
 The British government arrested over 90,000 protesters, including
Gandhi.
 Public meetings were banned, and violence was used to crush protests.
4. Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March 1931)
 An agreement between Gandhi and Lord Irwin temporarily stopped the
movement.
 The British agreed to:
o Release political prisoners.

o Allow Indians to make salt for personal use.

 Gandhi attended the Second Round Table Conference in London but


returned disappointed.
5. Revival of the Movement (1932–1934)
 The movement restarted after talks with the British failed.
 The government responded with stricter laws and mass arrests.
 The movement ended in 1934, but it strengthened the freedom struggle.

Important Leaders
1. Mahatma Gandhi
 Led the movement with his principles of non-violence and civil
disobedience.
 Inspired unity across different sections of society.
2. Sarojini Naidu
 Actively participated in protests and encouraged women to join the fight.
 Led the Dharasana Salt Works protest.
3. C. Rajagopalachari
 Organized the Vedaranyam Salt March in Tamil Nadu, similar to
Gandhi’s march.
4. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
 Known as the “Frontier Gandhi,” he mobilized Pathans in the North-West
Frontier Province through peaceful protests.

Main Strategies
1. Non-Violent Resistance
 Peaceful marches, defiance of unfair laws, and avoiding violence even
during crackdowns.
2. Economic Boycott
 Refusal to buy British goods like textiles and salt.
 Promotion of khadi (handwoven cloth) to encourage self-reliance.
3. Mass Participation
 Involvement of people from all backgrounds, including women,
students, and rural communities.

Impact
1. Global Recognition
 The world admired India’s non-violent struggle for freedom.
2. Weakened British Rule
 The protests disrupted British administration and exposed their inability to
control mass movements.
3. Foundation for Future Movements
 Inspired the Quit India Movement (1942) and strengthened the
independence movement.
4. Empowered Citizens
 Ordinary Indians felt empowered and took pride in challenging colonial
rule.

Timeline of Events

Yea
Event
r

193
Gandhi led the Salt March and broke salt laws.
0

193 Gandhi-Irwin Pact and Second Round Table


1 Conference.

193
Movement revived after failed negotiations.
2

193
Movement officially ended.
4

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