Solis institutes of technology

COLLEGEE OF EDUCTION
Managa-naga Bulan sororsogon.
A/Y; 2024-2025

TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING LEARNING 2

MODULE 3
USING OPEN-ENDED TOOLS IN FACILATATING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE LEARNING

Today's classroom requires integrating instructional technologies to aid the teacher in facilitating the
attainment of the learning outcomes that are meant for the students to demonstrate. Appropriate
engagement of these technologies as tools for mathematics or science learning helps create a rewarding
environment because students get the most from the instructional activities. An essential element in
engaging open-ended tools is when it directly helps in attaining the intended knowledge, skills and
attitudes set for the students to acquire. When the tools are appropriately used, they can fully make
learning motivating, encouraging, and meaningful.

LESSON 1

Productivity Software Applications for Mathematics and Science Teaching and

Learning

Open-ended Tools and their Uses in Teaching and Learning Mathematics or

Science Skills
Open-ended tools or productivity software applications are ICT tools, which help the teachers and
learners make their learning together as concrete, efficient, encouraging and meaningful as possible. In
any teaching-learning process, the use of these tools plays a vital role as it helps meet the demands of
the learners in the 21st Century classrooms. As described by Palmer (2015). teachers need to
demonstrate 21" Century characteristics to be able to meet the demands of the 21 Century learners.

Below is a list of what math and science teachers should do to respond to the demands
of the 21st Century.
Create a learner centered classroom and make instruction personalized because learners have
different personalities, goals, and needs;
Facilitate learners 'productivity skills by helping students produce creative blogs, digital stories
and movies that are helpful to enhance their mathematics and science proficiency.
Learn new technologies since technology keeps on developing. Learning a tool once is not an
option for teachers.
Go global to allow students to learn mathematical and scientific skills virtually.
Be smart and allow the use of devices as aids to mathematics or science concept and skill
acquisition.
Do blogging to give students real experience to see the value of writing for real audience and
establishing their digital presence.
Go digital to promote the advocacy and to help level up the mathematics and science learning
experience of the students through digital discussions.
Collaborate with other educators and students. This will allow the sharing of great ideas beyond
a conversation and paper copy.
Use web chats to share research and ideas and stay updated in the field.
Connect with like-minded individuals by using media tools like the social media.
Introduce Project Based Learning to allow students to develop their own driving questions,
conduct research, contact experts, and create their projects for sharing with the use of devices
present.
Build positive digital footprint that aims to model appropriate use of social media, produce and
publish valuable content and create shareable resources.
Code as it is today's literacy. This will boost students' writing skills as the feeling of writing a
page with HTML is amazing.
Innovate to expand your teaching toolbox for the sake of your students, engage social media for
discussions and announcements and use new formats like TED talks in presenting your lessons.
Keep learning.

In mathematics or science teaching and learning, presentation software applications have a lot of uses.
This, in essence, are used when topics in sciences are too abstract (too small to be seen atoms or cells;
not observable through the naked eyes biogeochemical cycles; or because of its nature earthquakes).
Akpinar (2014) endorses the use of presentation software applications like interactive animation as
they improve students' understanding of static electricity concepts. Another study conducted by
Eliyawati & Mudzakir (2017) presented that using presentation software like multimedia is student-
centered and teachers can teach science (nanotechnology on solar cell) by concept approach and a
context-oriented approach. Smith & Suzuki (2015), found out that presentation software like screen-
capture used in Algebra class improved the performance of secondary school students because the
embedded multimedia lessons are accessible outside their classroom.

Brooks and Gavin (2015) shared in designing presentations:

Basic Instructional Design in Preparing Presentations

1. Setting Up the Presentation Class It is not enough to simply tell students to go and do a
presentation. Students have to be taught the skills involved in giving a presentation. This can include
such things as when to use eye contact, how to organize a presentation, how to connect with an
audience, how to use body language and manage time and how to construct an effective PowerPoint
presentation. Since oral presentations involve multiple communication and language skills, it is
important to focus on the specific presentation skills that are needed to present in front of others. These
included things like voice projection, eye contact and the use of gestures.

2. Organization of the Presentation Proper organization of information is one of the most important
competencies that must be developed amongst students. Hence, before beginning to work on developing
presentation, it is important to understand the genre of oral presentation. There is a need to learn how
to separate the presentation into meaningful sections and presenting each section separately to reduce
the cognitive work that required of in the presentation.

3. Presentation Skills In developing oral presentations, it is very important to consider to spend time
in the delivery of their outputs. Because English is the medium of instruction for mathematics and
science, specific language items, such as vocabulary and grammar must be considered to be successful
in oral presentations. These items are important to the students for two reasons. First of all, they enable
students to be successful when they present in the class. Secondly, the language and grammar students
learn in the course of giving a presentation will be useful for them in other situations that involve spoken
English (Thornbury, 2005).

4. The Use of Visual Aids - Visual aids are an important part of oral presentations because they provide
support for both the speakers and listeners during the presentation. Visual aids can be used to give
more details about the topic, help the audience members to understand what is being said, and serve
as a concrete reminder of the message for both the audience and the presenter. The type of visual aid
used can vary depending on the topic of the presentation. Visual aids helped cater to different learning
styles. Some of the students who are not savvy at paper written presentations are motivated at using
presentation software applications. In mathematics or science learning, visual aids help students who
are weak at acquiring a mathematical or scientific skill to be motivated to participate in the presentation
and become valuable members of their groups.

5. Performing Self-Reflections The final stage of each oral presentation involves students writing a
self-reflection of their own presentation. Through this activity, writing skills are further enhanced
together with the ability of the students to do self-reflection.

Using Spreadsheets in Mathematics and Science Learning

Spreadsheets are very helpful in introducing some lessons in mathematics and science courses. Through
spreadsheets, one can teach with tables and charts, make a table and a graph, compute students'
grades. Spreadsheet programs are not only beneficial to business and mathematics courses but are also
beneficial to science courses. Apart from being built around a grid of cells that hold numerical data,
spreadsheets also contain text, dates and other content that can be presented in science courses for
discussions.

There are essential ideas that teachers may consider doing when employing spreadsheets in the
mathematics or science classrooms. These are:

1. Reinforce learning scientific and mathematical languages in other fields.

2. Add well-designed charts and tables to reports to enhance students' non-verbal reading skills.
3. Allow students to create their own charts, graphs, tables, and the like, their computational skills and
spatial skills are developed and enhanced.
4. Give students completed chart and see if they can reconstruct underlying worksheet. This goes a long
way toward helping them to understand the relationships between the data and the chart.
5. Require that science laboratory reports and research papers contain some type of chart to help
support their findings. Encourage them to look for samples form the World Wide Web.
6. Let students explore websites that have table presentations for mathematics or science teaching and
let them discuss how these were used to facilitate the acquisition of mathematics or science
competencies.
7. Let the students look for charts in mathematics and science learning materials like textbooks,
workbooks and others and discuss why these were used.
8. Teach the principles of financial literacy and management as it is also important to learn these
concepts in the context of life skills.
9. Explain numerical concepts by showing the relationships between numbers and their concrete
representation in charts and graphs. As mathematics and science teachers, this is needed to understand
mathematics and science researches with quantitative designs.
10. Demonstrate how spreadsheets are useful in preparing assessment and evaluation tools for
students' performance.

With the advent of web-based word processing software and with the exposure of a lot of students to
new innovative media tools, explore the following online Microsoft Word Alternatives (Investintech,
2020).

1. Drop Box Paper

Dropbox Paper is a free online word processor offered by the online cloud storage provider. To start using
it, you will need a Dropbox account. Once logged in, you get full access to the online suite. The minimalist
interface is very intuitive, and its simplicity allows you to focus on your content. You can also do a
number of things that go beyond creating a textual document. You can add rich media, such as audio,
video and images.

2. Office Online

For Microsoft Word and Office aficionados, the best possible free online alternative for their document
editing needs is definitely Word online, which comes as part of the Office Online suite. Although free MS
Word web app is not a full-fledged version of its paid counterpart, it allows you to open, create and edit
Word documents online, Also, it offers some additional benefits of online software tools.

3. Google Docs

Google Docs allows you to create, collaborate and share documents, spreadsheets, presentations,
drawings and even forms. Google Docs is packed with features, which can be further extended with
various add-ons. While it will automatically save the file online and store it there, you can also have the
documents published as a web page, downloaded, or emailed as an attachment in Word, ODT, PDF,
plain text or RTF formats. You can invite collaborators to work on the document with you or only allow
others to view it without the ability to edit.

4. Etherpad

Etherpad is an online document editor primarily intended for collaborative editing in, as the site claims,
"really real time". It's an open source, highly customizable tool for online document collaboration with
friends, fellow students and classmates, or colleagues at work.

5. Zoho

Zoho offers around 20 free online applications including Writer for word processing. You can link your
Zoho account to your Google and Yahoo accounts, as well. The Writer's interface shouldn't cause anyone
problems as it is comfortably familiar.

6. OpenOffice

The OpenOffice package actually includes six programs that all use the same engine making them
inherently the same and extremely easy to learn and use. The 6 applications included in the OpenOffice
suite are: Writer (word processor), Calc (spreadsheets), Impress (presentations), Draw (graphics) and
Base (database manipulation) and Math (mathematical equations).

7. AbiWord

AbiWord is a free word processing application very similar to Microsoft Word. It is available for Linux
distributions only. The software is fully compatible with not only Microsoft Word, but also
OpenOffice.org, Word Perfect, Rich Text Format and more.

8. Jarte

Jarte is based on Microsoft WordPad Engine, but is still free. There is a paid version of the software that
adds on some extra functionality, but the free version is more than adequate and fully compatible with
Word and WordPad documents

9. WPS Office 2016 Free

WPS Office 2016 Free is a frée document processing suite whose WPS Writer app will serve you well as
a Microsoft Word alternative, WPS Office 2016 Free can open and save to a long list of popular file
formats native to those applications like docx, doc, and more. You can get the application in languages
other than English: French, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Polish and Russian. The suite has the same
familiar look and feel of MS Office with one exception--it has a tabbed viewing window, so you can open
more than one document at a time. And also worth mentioning is WPS Cloud, the company's cloud
document storage service that offers up to 1GB of free storage that you can use. This is perfect if you're
trying to find a free Word alternative that's not only scalable for teams but can also be as collaborative
and seamless as its Microsoft counterpart.

10. SoftMaker FreeOffice

SoftMaker FreeOffice is another great free suite that offers a full featured Microsoft Word alternative.
The suite's TextMaker application allows you to focus on creating documents just as you would in MS
Word. This suite offers up essential editing features and even a handful of basic templates for creating
and editing documents. Tables, charts, shapes, and graphics are available along with standard text
formatting options. This application provides you with everything you need. The entire suite is available
for Windows, Linux and Android, so you can keep your document processing tasks going even while
away from your desktop.

LESSON 2

Student Sample Projects Using Mathematics and Science Digital Tools

Students as Digital Savvy

Our students, as digital natives, are exposed to different and massive number of online applications. As
such, we are expected to familiarize ourselves with the use of these online tools to maximize learning
and teaching.

A. Mathematics Learning Via Digital Tools

Mathematical skills can be fully developed when we allow students to use digital tools as additional
resources for math learning. Also, aside from primary sources, students can use digital applications to
come up with a math investigatory project that promotes their mathematical skills to solve real-world
problems or scenarios promoting PBL.

Digital math tools like IXL are helpful for students to practice and reinforce math skills (Hollands &
Pan, 2018). In the work of Stephan (2017), a digital math tool like Mathletics provide some advantages:
(a) learners are motivated and engaged; (b) an effective supplementary digital tool for extended practice;
(c) aligned with core curriculum and math standards; and (d) provide ways for faculty to differentiate
learning, individualize learning, and provide instant feedback. Cozad & Riccomini (2016) said that
digital-based fluency interventions show promise to promote fluency in students with mathematics
difficulties considering that digital tools can provide immediate feedback and require less organization
than paper-and-pencil interventions do. Mascia, Perrone, Bardi, Agus, Penna, & Lucangeli (2018)
enumerated the positive impacts of digital tools on math learning such as accuracy, speed, sematic and
syntactic numerical knowledge and spatial orientation.

The following compilation of math digital tools are presented by Jansen (2019):

GeoGebra

GeoGebra is a dynamic mathematical software program. It is made for every level of education, from
beginner to expert. This app combines geometry, algebra, spreadsheets, graphs, statistics and analysis,
calculus in one user-friendly package. The community of GeoGebra is expanding very fast and has
millions of users worldwide. They are the number one provider of dynamic mathematical software all
over the world.

Geometry Pad

Geometry Pad offers a fun way to learn geometry and practice important constructions. It's your personal
assistant in learning geometry. Students can easily present their geometric constructions, take
measurements, use the compass and experiment with a lot of different geometric shapes.

Photomath
This app will help you understand mathematical problems with content to improve your math skills.
Every month they solve and explain more than 1 million math problems. By scanning your math
problem, this app will help you instantly with solving it. You can do this by using the camera on your
mobile device. After it finds out what your math problem is, the app gives you a step-by-step explanation.
Photomath explains you the calculation steps with animations just like a teacher would do, in real life!

Khan Academy

The Khan Academy app uses instructional math videos, practice exercises, and has a personalized
learning dashboard so you can study at your own pace in and out of the classroom. Besides
mathematics, they also offer science, computer programming, (art) history, economics and more. All of
the content they offer is free because they want to provide a free world-class education for anyone and
anywhere. Khan Academy is a non-profit organization that works with a community of volunteers and
sponsors.

Shapes 3D

Shapes 3D is an AR app to teach geometry. You can create prisms, pyramids, solids of revolution and
Platonic solids. Pick an easy figure to start with, and slowly build up until you reach the most complex
figures. This tool wants to improve the teacher's capabilities and provide possibilities to show things you
cannot show with physical tools or within the classroom.

CK 12
This free math app is available on almost any device. It offers adaptive practice, workbooks, quizzes,
tests and several simulations. The app is divided into different sections, so depending on your level you
can handle a certain section or not

Cuethink

Cuethink is an innovative application for students from Grades 2-12. On the one hand, it tries to engage
students who are already doing well, and on the other, it supports students who have math difficulties.
They want students to see challenges as opportunities with a growing mindset.

Fluidmath

Students and teachers can create, solve, graph and animate math and physics problems in their own
handwriting in a very easy way. Teachers can create dynamic instructional materials for the classrooms
while students can understand concepts in math.

Desmos

The Desmos tool is great for teaching about graphs. They offer a free graphing calculator that can be
used by students all over the world for free. It is even accessible for visually impaired students. In
addition to the calculator, they also offer more than one hundred digital activities such as small math
games.

Bookwidgets

BookWidgets offers a wide range of different widgets or exercises you can create by yourself for your
students. This way, depending on the level of your students, you can make widgets that are very easy
or very difficult. You choose the content you put in.

Mathalicious

Mathalicious looks at mathematics from a different perspective. To teach mathematics to students, use
of old-fashioned, boring mathematics is avoided. Instead, students learn mathematics by using real-life
subjects such as sports, food, economics, games, etc.

Virtual Nerd

Virtual Nerd is made for students of all ages. On their website, you can find all kinds of videos explaining
all kinds of mathematical problems. In these videos, they explain step by step how to solve these
problems. In fact, this is a virtual teacher. This can be an easy tool for teachers to let students solve
mathematical exercises. If students don't understand the explanation of their teacher, they may
understand it through the explanation of a Virtual Nerd video.

Can Figurelt Geometry

This platform covers a lot of different types of geometric proofs. You can try to prove simple facts
about lines to difficult proofs on circles, triangles and so on. This tool allows students to learn for
themselves and how to prove something rather than simply copying it from the teacher.

PhET Interactive Simulations

Every mathematics simulation was created to represent real-world problems. Experimentation and
tinkering are some of the best ways to form meaningful and lasting cognitive constructs, and these
simulations cover a huge range of phenomena for each discipline. It's a treasure trove of excellent
learning.

Wolfram Alpha

Wolfram Alpha's long-term goal is to make all systematic knowledge immediately computable and
accessible to everyone.

B. Science Learning Via Virtual Laboratory or Simulation Apps

Faour & Ayoubi (2018) cited the following advantages of virtual laboratory: (a) giving students the
opportunity to learn by doing, providing them with intriguing, and enjoyable activities; (b) offer students
with opportunity to investigate situations that cannot be done in real time because of lack or resources; (c)
beneficial to study advanced concepts such as Einstein's theory of relativity that would not be realized in
traditional laboratory settings; (d) offer visual representation for abstract science concepts by providing
visuals and graphical analysis; (e) more cost-effective than traditional laboratory; (f) virtual lab instruments
save space and time; (g) may resolve the problem of crowded groups; (h) help the non-visual or auditory
learners to interact with their learning environment; and (i) dangerous experiments can be safely
conducted

Using virtual laboratory improved the performance of students in chemistry (Eljack, Alfayez, &
Suleman, 2020); successful strategy in practical classes in a hybrid PBL curriculum (Durand, Restini,
Wolff, Faria, Couto, Bestetti, 2019); increased motivation and understanding of students in physics
(Mirçik & Saka, 2018); and showed a favorable result on both the cognitive aspect and science
laboratory environment in teaching waves and sounds (Maulidah & Prima, 2018).

The following are examples of virtual laboratory or simulation apps:

Virtual Labs

Virtual Labs project is an initiative of Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government
of India under the aegis of National Mission on Education through Information and Communication
Technology (NMEICT). This project is a consortium activity of twelve participating institutes where IIT
Delhi is a coordinating institute. It is a paradigm shift in ICT-based education.

oPhysics: Interactive Physics Simulations

The oPhysics website is a collection of interactive physics simulations. It is a work in progress, and likely
always will be. Content will be added as time allows. All of the content on this site was created by Tom
Walsh. He recently retired after teaching high school physics for 27 years, and AP Physics for 25 years.
He allows anybody to use any of the content on this site for non-profit educational purposes.

PhET Interactive Simulations

Through inclusive design approaches, the team creates accessible interactive simulations that allow
students to experience science and mathematical practices in new ways. In the process, they are tackling
core challenges in software devPelopment, assistive technology, and science education. Thus, they are
able to cater to students with disabilities.

Virtual Biology Lab: An Inquiry-based Learning Environment

Virtual Biology Lab is a free, online educational resource provided for educational purposes. VBL
simulates natural environments with the way life responds to changing conditions. We provide a world
to be explored rather than a path to be followed. Background information and technical instruction help
students learn by experimentation. Parameters and conditions Padjust easily for observable effects and
consequences. Because these are stochastic simulations, no two runs are identical. The data generated
are biologically realistic and are displayed numerically and graphically. Typically, students will design
experiments and conduct them using our models but collect and analyze their data in other software.

HTML5 Simulations

HTML5 simulations are interactive ways to teach the sciences to the students. They can change the data
input to see the changes in the expected output. This site presents simulations in these areas: Physics,
Biology, Chemistry, Earth Systems, Astronomy and Mathematics.

Lab Options for Distance Delivery

You can find a compilation of digital technology, simulations and 3D model applications in this site.
Online simulations can let students explore concepts and test their predictions without purchasing
anything beyond access to the website, if needed. All the resources discussed here include some form of
assignments you may be able to use.

Publication Requirements in the Light of the Digital Age

While there is an ubiquity of productivity tools for students to maximize, it is your responsibility as
facilitator of the learning process to ensure that your students will observe several guidelines in
publishing their products. It must be noted that the development of high-quality digital learning
products and materials involves a complex combination of subject matter expertise, instructional design
knowledge, and technical skills graphic design, photography, audio, video, computer programming, etc.
(Wilde, 2004). With the engagements of these, it is important to be mindful of the following:

A. Copyright Laws

Copyright Law protects works of authorship. Hence, it is very important for teachers and students to
learn more about copyright laws and copyright acts to ensure that there will be no copyright
infringements that will happen in the process of authoring of publishing materials offfine or online.

According to FindLaw (2020), the Copyright Act states that works of authorship include the following
types of works:

❖ Literary works Novels, nonfiction, prose, poetry, newspaper articles and newspapers, magazine
articles and magazines, computer software, software documentation and manuals, training
manuals, manuals, catalogs, brochures, ads (text), and compilations such as business
directories
❖ Musical works-Songs, advertising jingles, and instrumentals
❖ Dramatic works Plays, operas, and skits
❖ Pantomimes and choreographic works jazz dance, and mime works Ballets, modern dance,
❖ Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works Photographs, posters, maps, paintings, drawings,
graphic art, display ads, cartoon strips and cartoon characters, stuffed animals, statues,
paintings, and works of fine art
❖ Motion pictures and other audiovisual works Movies, documentaries, travelogues, training films
and videos, television shows, television ads, and interactive multimedia works
❖ Sound recordings Recordings of music, sounds, or words
❖ Architectural works Building designs, whether in the form of architectural plans, drawings, or
the constructed building itself

FindLaw (2020) further states that Copyright Law is important for multimedia developers and
publishers for two reasons:

a. Original multimedia works are protected by copyright. The Copyright Act's exclusive rights
provision gives developers and publishers the right to control unauthorized exploitation of their works.

b. Multimedia works are created by combining "content" music, text, graphics, illustrations,
photographs, software that is -protected under copyright law. Developers and publishers must avoid
infringing copyrights owned by others.

B. Anti-Bullying Act of 2013

Republic Act No. 10627 otherwise known as the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 of the Philippines directs all
elementary and secondary schools to adopt policies to address the existence of bullying in their
respective institutions. For the purpose of this act, bullying refers to any severe or repeated use by one
or more students of a written, verbal or electronic expression, or a physical act or gesture, or any
combination thereof, directed at another student that has the effect of actually causing or placing the
latter in reasonable fear of physical or emotional harm or damage to his property; creating a hostile
environment at school for the other student; infringing on the rights of the other student at school; or
materially and substantially disrupting the education process or the orderly operation of a school

C. Republic Act 101751

This is known as Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 declaring a policy that states that the State
recognizes the vital role of information and communications industries such as content production,
telecommunications, broadcasting electronic commerce, and data processing, in the nation's overall
social and economic development. The State also recognizes the importance of providing an environment
conducive to the development, acceleration, and rational application and exploitation of information and
communications technology (ICT) to attain free, easy, and intelligible access to exchange and/or delivery
of information; and the need to protect and safeguard the integrity of computer, computer and
communications systems, networks, and databases.