Unit 4

Cloud Platforms

Amazon Web Services (AWS): Amazon Web Services and

Components, Amazon Simple DB, Elastic Cloud Computing
(EC2), Amazon Storage System, Amazon Database services
(Dynamo DB).
Microsoft Cloud Services: Azure core concepts, SQL Azure,
Windows Azure Platform Appliance.
 Amazon Web Services and Components
Amazon Web Services:
Amazon Web Services give programmatic entry to Amazon’s ready to
use computing infrastructure. The robust computing podium that was
assembled and enhanced by Amazon is now obtainable by anyone who
has entry to the internet.
Amazon gives numerous web services, building blocks that fulfil some
of the quintessence wants of most systems : storage, computing,
messaging and datasets. Amazon Web Services can aid us to architect
scalable procedures by providing:
• Reliability: The services run in Amazon’s battle tested ,highly
obtainable data centres that run Amazon’s own business.
• Security: Basic security and authentication methods are obtainable out
of the packing box and customers can enhance them as wanted by
layering his/her application-specific security on apex of the services.
• Cost benefits: No fastened charges or support costs.
• Ease of development: Simple APIs allows us to harness the full
power of this virtual infrastructure and libraries, obtainable in most
extensively employed programming languages.
• Elasticity : Scale the computing supplies based on demand.
• Cohesiveness: The four quintessence building blocks using which
services(storage, computing, messaging and datasets) are created
from scratch currently work well and give a whole result through a
large type of request for paid job domains.
• Community: Tap into the vibrant and dynamic customer community
that is propelling the extensive adoption of these web services and is
bringing ahead sole requests for paid jobs assembled on this
infrastructure
 There are two grades of supports accessible for users of Amazon Web Services:
1. Free Forum-based support.
2. Paid support packages.
• Amazon presents standard-based SOAP and Rest interfaces for combining
with each of the services.
• Developer libraries either from Amazon or third parties are accessible in
multiple languages, for broadcasting with these services.
Amazon S3 (Storage):
• Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) presents a web service interface for
the storage and retrieval of data. The data can be of any kind and can be
retained and accessed from any location over the internet.
• The data is retained securely utilizing the identical data storage
infrastructure Amazon values to power its worldwide mesh of e-commerce
websites.
• Access limits can be particular for each object that is retained in S3 and the
things can be accessed with straightforward HTTP requests.
• S3 relieves from its concern about storage space, get access to data or
protecting the data.
Amazon EC2 (Elastic Computing):
• Amazon EC2 is a web service that permits us to use virtual
machines within minutes effortlessly scale the capability up or down
founded on demand.
• These instances are based on Linux and can run any submission or
software.
Amazon SQS(Simple Queue Service):
• Amazon SQS presents get access to the dependable messaging
infrastructure utilized by Amazon.
• SQS incorporates very well with the other Amazon Web Services.
 Amazon SimpleDB:
• Is a web service for saving, processing and querying, organized
datasets. It is not a relational database in the customary sense, but it
is highly accessible schema, with a less-structured data shop in the
cloud.
• SDB is straight forward to use and presents most of the purposes of
a relational database.
• The upkeep is much easier than a usual database.
• Administrative tasks are taken care of by Amazon.
• The data is mechanically indexed by Amazon and is accessible to us
anytime from anywhere.
• A key benefit of not being guarded to schemas is the proficiency to
inject data on the fly and add new columns or keys dynamically.
Features:
Amazon SimpleDB offers a range of features that make it a powerful
and flexible data storage solution:
• Efficiency: SimpleDB provides us with simple and fast data
retrieval and storage.
• Flexibility: With SimpleDB, we can easily add new attributes
without worrying about predefined data formats.
• Reliability: SimpleDB creates multiple replicas of each data item
and distributes them across different locations. If one replica fails,
the system can fail over to another replica.
• Budget-friendly: SimpleDB's economic model allows for payment
only for the specific resources utilized, including machine
utilization, structured data storage, and data storage.
• Scalability: We can create new domains to accommodate increasing
data volumes as our business grows.
• Smooth integration: We can smoothly integrate SimpleDB with
other Amazon Web Services such as EC2 and S3.
Benefits:
• Eliminates operational complexity: We don't need to worry about
provisioning servers or managing their infrastructure, as AWS handles
everything for us. This saves our time and energy so that we can work on
other essential tasks.
• No schema required for data storage: We can store data in SimpleDB
without defining a schema beforehand. This makes adding new data to
our database easy without modifying its structure.
• Reduces administrative burden: Since SimpleDB is a managed service,
we don't need to perform maintenance tasks like backup and recovery or
software upgrades. With AWS, our team can reduce their administrative
workload as the platform takes care of these tasks on our behalf.
• Simple API for accessing and storing data: The SimpleDB API is easy
to use, allowing us to quickly access and store data without needing to
learn complex query languages or database management systems.
• Data is automatically indexed: When we store data in SimpleDB, the
service indexes it for faster querying and retrieval. This saves our time
and effort, as we don't need to configure indexes manually for our
database.
 Elastic Cloud Computing (EC2):
• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud is a most important component of
amazon.com’s cloud computing platform, Amazon web Services.
• EC2 permits scalable deployment of applications by supplying a
web service.
• Clients can use an Amazon machine Image to conceive a virtual
machine, encompassing any software programs desired.
• A client can conceive, launch and terminate server instances as
required, giving time for active servers, therefore the period
‘elastic’.
• EC2 presents users with command over the geographical position of
instances that permits for latency optimization and high grades of
redundancy.
• Amazon EC2 is a world wide web service that presents resizable
computing capability that is utilized to construct and host software
systems.
Following are the list of the major constituents of EC2:
1. Amazon machine Images and Instances:

An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a template that comprises a software

program configuration (e.g. Functioning scheme, submission server and
applications).
From an AMI, a client can launch instances, which are running exact replicates of
the AMI.
Multiple instances of an AMI can be
launch, as shown in fig.
Instances hold running until the client
halts or terminates them, or until they fail.
Is an instance falls short, it can be
commenced from the AMI. One can use a
lone AMI or multiple AMIs counting on
needs.
From a lone AMI, distinct types of
instances can be launched. An instance
type is vitally a hardware archetype.

Amazon publishes numerous AMIs that comprise widespread program

configurations for public use.
2. Storage:
When utilizing EC2, data have to be stored. The Two most utilized storage kinds are:
i) Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) ii) Amazon Elastic Block Store
(Amazon EBS) volumes.
3. Amazon S3:
Amazon S3 is a storage for the internet. It presents a straightforward World Wide
Web Service interface that endows us to shop and get any amount of data from any
location on the web.
4. Databases:
The submission running on EC2 might require a database. Following are two
widespread modes to apply a database for the application:
i) Use Amazon Relational database Service (Amazon RDS), which endows us to
effortlessly get an organized relational database in the cloud.
ii) Launch an instance of a database AMI and use that EC2 instance as the database.
5. Amazon CloudWatch:
Amazon CloudWatch is a web service that presents real-time supervising to
Amazon’s EC2 clients on their asset utilization, such as CPU, computer disk and
network. CloudWatch does not supply any recollection, computer disk space. The
data is aggregated and supplied through the AWS administration console. It can
furthermore be accessed through online tools and web APIs.
 Amazon Storage System:

• Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) is a service from Amazon that

permits the users to store documents into dependable isolated
storage for a very comparable price.
• S3 is utilized by business to store photographs and videos of their
clients, back up their own data and more.
• S3 manages Objects and Buckets. An object agrees to a retained file.
Each object has an identifier, an owner and permissions.
• Objects are retained in a bucket. A bucket has an exclusive name
that should be well-trained with internet domain calling policy.
• The object identifier consists of a filename with its relative path.
• With this, S3 storage can emerge as a normal file system with
folders and subfolders.
• S3 stores random things (Computer files) up to 5 terabytes in
dimensions. Objects are coordinated into buckets and recognized
inside each bucket by an exclusive, user-assigned key.
• Amazon S3 is required fro those who have the following issues:
Running out of bandwidths: Amazon S3 presents unlimited
bandwidth and clients can be assisted with any amount of bandwidth
the location needs.
Better Scalability: Amazon S3 utilizes cloud hosting and assisting is
somewhat fast. Separating them away from the usual HTTP demand
will decisively alleviate the server burden and therefore assures better
stability.
Store documents online: Instead of endorsing up files in CDs/DVDs
to save more computer hard disk space, another choice is to store them
online. Users have the choice to hold documents with them in a
personal account or make them publicly accessible.
Easier documents retrieval and sharing: If a document is online, the
client can get access to it from any location as long as there is an
internet connection. Amazon S3 furthermore permits one to
communicate documents with other associates, purchasers and blog
readers in a better way.
 Amazon Database services (Dynamo DB):
• Amazon DynamoDB is a fast and flexible NoSQL database service for all
applications that require consistent single-digit millisecond latency at any
scale.
• DynamoDB allows users to create databases capable of storing and
retrieving any amount of data and comes in handy while serving any amount
of traffic.
• It dynamically manages each customer’s requests and provides high
performance by automatically distributing data and traffic over servers.
• It is a fully managed NoSQL database service that is fast, predictable in
terms of performance, and seamlessly scalable.
• It relieves the user from the administrative burdens of operating and scaling
a distributed database as the user doesn’t have to worry about hardware
provisioning, patching Software's, or cluster scaling.
• It also eliminates the operational burden and complexity involved in
protecting sensitive data by providing encryption at REST.
• Its flexible data model and performance makes it a great fit for mobile, web,
gaming, ad-tech, IOT, and many other applications.
Advantage of DynamoDB:

• The main advantages of opting for Dynamodb are listed below:

• It has fast and predictable performance.
• It is highly scalable.
• It offloads the administrative burden operation and scaling.
• It offers encryption at REST for data protection.
• Its scalability is highly flexible.
• AWS Management Console can be used to monitor resource utilization
and performance metrics.
• It provides on-demand backups.
• It enables point-in-time recovery for your Amazon DynamoDB tables.
Point-in-time recovery helps protect your tables from accidental write
or delete operations. With point-in-time recovery, you can restore that
table to any point in time during the last 35 days.
• It can be highly automated.
Limitations of DynamoDB :

• The below list provides us with the limitations of Amazon

DynamoDB:
• It has a low read capacity unit of 4kB per second and a write
capacity unit of 1KB per second.
• All tables and global secondary indexes must have a minimum of
one read and one write capacity unit.
• Table sizes have no limits, but accounts have a 256 table limit
unless you request a higher cap.
• Only Five local and twenty global secondary (default quota)
indexes per table are permitted.
• DynamoDB does not prevent the use of reserved words as names.
• Partition key length and value minimum length sits at 1 byte, and
maximum at 2048 bytes, however, DynamoDB places no limit on
values.
Microsoft Cloud Services:
 Azure core concepts
What is Azure?
• Microsoft Azure is a cloud computing platform that provides a wide variety
of services that we can use without purchasing and arranging our hardware.
• It enables the fast development of solutions and provides the resources to
complete tasks that may not be achievable in an on-premises environment.
• Azure is Microsoft’s cloud platform, just like Google has its Google
Cloud and Amazon has its Amazon Web Service.
• Generally, it is a platform through which we can use Microsoft’s resources.
For example, to set up a huge server, we will require huge investment, effort,
physical space, and so on.
• In such situations, Microsoft Azure comes to our rescue. It will provide us
with virtual machines, fast processing of data, analytical and monitoring
tools, and so on to make our work simpler.
• The pricing of Azure is also simpler and more cost-effective. Popularly
termed as “Pay As You Go”, which means how much you use, pay only for
that.
How does Microsoft Azure Work?
• It is a private and public cloud platform that helps developers and IT
professionals build deploy and manage applications.
• It uses the technology known as virtualization.
• Virtualization separates the tight coupling between the hardware and the
operating system using an abstraction layer called a hypervisor.
• Hypervisor emulates all the functions of a computer in a virtual machine, it
can run multiple virtual machines at the same time and each virtual machine
can run any operating system, such as Windows or Linux.
• Azure takes this virtualization technique and repeats it on a massive scale in
the data center owned by Microsoft.
• Each data center has many racks filled with servers and each server includes a
hypervisor to run multiple virtual machines.
• The network switch provides connectivity to all those servers.
Azure Services:
• Compute services: It includes the Microsoft Azure Cloud Services, Azure
Virtual Machines, Azure Website, and Azure Mobile Services, which
processes the data on the cloud with the help of powerful processors.
• Data services: This service is used to store data over the cloud that can be
scaled according to the requirements. It includes Microsoft Azure Storage
(Blob, Queue Table, and Azure File services), Azure SQL Database, and the
Redis Cache.
• Application services: It includes services, which help us to build and operate
our application, like the Azure Active Directory, Service Bus for connecting
distributed systems, HDInsight for processing big data, the Azure Scheduler,
and the Azure Media Services.
• Network services: It helps you to connect with the cloud and on-premises
infrastructure, which includes Virtual Networks, Azure Content Delivery
Network, and the Azure Traffic Manager.
 SQL Azure
• Azure SQL Database is a relational database (RDBMS) service provided
by Microsoft Azure that is widely used by developers when creating new
applications in the cloud.
• It is managed completely by Microsoft and is a highly scalable
platform-as-a-service (PaaS) designed especially for cloud applications.
• Here, we create a managed database server in the cloud and use the server to
deploy our database.
• The server is a logical construct that acts as the central administration point for
pooled databases or multiple logins, auditing rules, threat detection policy, and
failover groups.
The three products in the Azure SQL family are:
• Azure SQL Database: Support modern cloud applications on an intelligent,
managed database service that includes serverless compute.
• Azure SQL Managed Instance: Modernize your existing SQL Server
applications at scale with an intelligent fully managed instance as a service, with
almost 100% feature parity with the SQL Server database engine. Best for most
migrations to the cloud.
• SQL Server on Azure VMs: Lift-and-shift your SQL Server workloads with
ease and maintain 100% SQL Server compatibility and operating system-level
access.
 Windows Azure Platform Appliance.

The Windows Azure Platform Appliance is a cloud computing infrastructure

solution for governments and service providers. It includes:
• Windows Azure: A cloud operating system that hosts applications and serves
as a runtime for them
• SQL Azure: A reporting capability
• Microsoft-specified configuration: A configuration of network, storage, and
server hardware
The Windows Azure Platform Appliance is designed for organizations that want
to have their own cloud computing infrastructure.
Microsoft Azure, formerly known as Windows Azure, is Microsoft's public cloud
computing platform. It offers a variety of cloud services, including compute,
analytics, storage, and networking. Azure is compatible with open source
technologies and offers four different forms of cloud computing.