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Kuakata Demo

Kuakata sea beach, located in southern Bangladesh, features a 23.56 km sandy coastline facing erosion from the Bay of Bengal. The area is characterized by mangrove forests and various salt-tolerant vegetation that play a crucial role in stabilizing the sand dunes. Nearby, Lebur Char is a 1000-acre area with diverse tree species, previously part of the Sundarbans, now isolated from it.

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51 views2 pages

Kuakata Demo

Kuakata sea beach, located in southern Bangladesh, features a 23.56 km sandy coastline facing erosion from the Bay of Bengal. The area is characterized by mangrove forests and various salt-tolerant vegetation that play a crucial role in stabilizing the sand dunes. Nearby, Lebur Char is a 1000-acre area with diverse tree species, previously part of the Sundarbans, now isolated from it.

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afrinritu02
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Kuakata sea beach is located in the southernmost tip of Bangladesh, located in Kalapara Upazila

of Patuakhali district and along the western side of the Meghna estuary which is locally known
as the 'daughter of the sea.' This beautiful sandy beach of Bangladesh is situated within 21°47" N
to 21°52" N latitude and 90°05"E to 90°16" E longitude. This beach's length is 23.56 kilometers,
which consisted of dark, marbled sand and has gentle slopes. Experts stated that this area is
continuously faced with threats from the erosion activity of the Bay of Bengal. It is estimated
that erosion occurred in 13.59 km and deposition situation found in 9.97 kilometres from the
period of 1973 to 2010 (Rahman, Mitra and Akter 2011). Kuakata sea beach shows the
characteristics of sandy beach along with mangrove forest.

➢ Kuakata coast has a convex form toward the coastal side, and coastal processes have a
significant effect on its convex boundary, indicating seasonal variations.
➢ Bangladesh's middle, most diverse coastline, the sedimentary outlet of Padma, Meghna
and Brahmaputra, dominated by the river.
➢ Monsoon period has always much higher rainfall than that of summer and dry period.
This may establish more vegetational colonization in the dune field and reducing the
yielding of new dune ridges or formation of new dunes. On the other hand, during the
summer and dry season, due to harsh environmental condition for the establishment of
plant species, the process of dune formation accelerated.
➢ Due to crescent shape of the coast at Kuakata, there is a significant reduction of the tidal
wave towards its convex middle zone. The neap tide velocities are generally lower than
the spring tide. Sediment distribution in the estuary is mainly controlled by the magnitude
and net flow direction of the tide. Erosion and accretion along the banks and shorelines of
this coastal plain are very much related to the flow velocities dominated by the tidal flow
which ultimately influence the sediment source for sand dune formation.
➢ at Kuakata the wind speed is high both during summer (premonsoon) and monsoon
period but the later has higher moisture content in soil and air, which reduces the sand
movements. During the dry season due to low moisture content and humidity both in soil
and air, as well as low water table, the surface become favorable for piling of loose sands,
but the low wind speed is not sufficiently strong to blow sand particles for dune
formation. In this season, the reduced amount of moisture content also retreats the
vegetational growth which create options for more loose sands and open surface for sand
movement.

1. Coastal Mangroves

• Mangrove Forests:

o Key Species:

▪ Avicennia spp. (e.g., Avicennia marina - locally known as "Bain")

▪ Sonneratia apetala (locally known as "Keora")

▪ Excoecaria agallocha (locally known as "Gewa")

▪ Rhizophora spp. (true mangroves with aerial roots)

2. Beachfront Vegetation

• Salt-Tolerant Herbs and Shrubs:


o Key Species:
▪ Ipomoea pes-caprae (Beach Morning Glory or "Bindweed"): A fast-
growing creeper that stabilizes sand dunes.
▪ Spinifex littoreus (Dune Grass): Found on sand dunes and helps to bind sand
against wind erosion.
▪ Sesuvium portulacastrum (Sea Purslane): A succulent ground cover that
thrives in sandy soils.
• Grasses and Creepers:
These plants dominate the immediate beachfront area and play a key role in stabilizing the
sand and preventing erosion.

Lebur Char is an attractive place locally named as Lembur Chor or Nembur Char located about five
kilometers east of Kuakata beach. There are several species of trees like Keora, Gewa, Goran, Karei,
Golpata, etc. in the area of 1000 acres. Earlier, it was a part of Sundarbans, but it is now totally isolated
from the Sundarbans range.

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