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Worksheet_SciM2_Legal_Excretory_System_Overview_Lesson_1

The document is a review worksheet for secondary students on the human excretory system, detailing its organs and functions. It explains the roles of the lungs, skin, liver, kidneys, and large intestine in waste removal and highlights the urinary system's function in filtering blood and producing urine. The worksheet includes matching tasks, labeling exercises, and short answer questions to reinforce understanding of key concepts like excretion, osmoregulation, and the structure of the kidneys.

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Phayong Jarernwisetsuk
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7 views4 pages

Worksheet_SciM2_Legal_Excretory_System_Overview_Lesson_1

The document is a review worksheet for secondary students on the human excretory system, detailing its organs and functions. It explains the roles of the lungs, skin, liver, kidneys, and large intestine in waste removal and highlights the urinary system's function in filtering blood and producing urine. The worksheet includes matching tasks, labeling exercises, and short answer questions to reinforce understanding of key concepts like excretion, osmoregulation, and the structure of the kidneys.

Uploaded by

Phayong Jarernwisetsuk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(Assumption College Samutprakarn)

SCIENCE

Secondary 2

Human Body Systems Review Worksheet


Introduction:
The excretory system is our body's cleanup crew! Just like a city needs a waste management
system to stay clean and healthy, our bodies need a way to remove waste products and
maintain proper balance of water, salts, and minerals.
The excretory system isn't just one organ - it's a team of different organs working together!
Several organs help remove different types of waste:
 Lungs exhale carbon dioxide from cell respiration
 Skin releases excess water, salts, and some waste products through sweat
 Liver breaks down toxic substances and old blood cells
 Kidneys filter blood and form urine
 Large intestine removes undigested food waste
Within this system, the urinary system (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra) plays a special
role in filtering blood and removing waste products like urea. Each day, your kidneys filter
about 180 liters of blood - that's like filtering a whole bathtub full!

Key Concepts:
 Excretion: The process of removing waste products from the body

 Urinary System: Specialized system for urine production and removal


 Filtration: The process of separating waste from useful substances
 Osmoregulation: Control of water and salt balance

Task A. Matching
Match each term with its correct description by writing the correct letter in the space
provided.
Detoxi- Large Skin & Osmo-
Lungs Bladder Filtration

BE c
fication intestine sweat glands regulation
F Do A
A.
& The process of maintaining proper water and salt balance in the body.
B. The separation of waste products from useful substances in blood.
C.
- Releases excess heat, water and salts by sweating; largest excretory organ.

D. Cells convert harmful substances into less toxic compounds that can be safely removed.

I
E. Removes undigested food materials and absorbs excess water before elimination.
-
F. Removes carbon dioxide produced during cellular respiration through exhalation.
&
G. Stores liquid waste temporarily before elimination; expands and contracts based on
urine volume.
Task B: Labelling.
Label the organs of the excretory system using the info from introduction.

Lung

Liver

kidney

bladder
The urinary system is like your body's plumbing - it has organs that filter, transport, store, and
remove liquid waste. Each part has a specific job: kidneys filter blood and make urine, ureters
carry urine to the bladder for storage, and the urethra allows urine to leave the body.
Together, these organs help keep your blood clean and maintain the right balance of water
and minerals.

Task C: Structure & Function.


Complete the table below about the main organs of the urinary system.

ORGAN LOCATION MAIN FUNCTION FUN FACT


KIDNEYS Near spine in back 1. Filters blood Each kidney has about 1 million
(retroperitoneal) 2. Makes urine tiny filters called nephrons

URETER Contains muscles that push


Below kidneys Carries urine to bladder
urine toward bladder
BLADDER 1.Stores urine temporarily
Can stretch to hold up to 400-
In lower abdomen
2. Controls water balance 600 ml of urine

URETHRA Allows urine to exit body Different lengths in males and


At bottom of pelvis
females

Word Bank for Locations: Word Bank for Facts:


 Below kidneys  Each kidney has about 1 million
 At bottom of pelvis tiny filters called nephrons
 In lower abdomen  Different lengths in males and
 Near spine in back (retroperitoneal) females
Word Bank for Functions:  Can stretch to hold up to 400-
 Filters blood 600 ml of urine
 Carries urine to bladder  Contains muscles that push
 Controls water balance urine toward bladder
 Makes urine
 Stores urine temporarily
 Allows urine to exit body
Looking inside a kidney is like exploring a complex filtration plant! Each kidney has an outer
layer (cortex) and an inner layer (medulla). But the real filtering happens in microscopic
units called nephrons. A nephron is a tiny tube with several specialized parts - each part
helps filter blood or adjust the composition of the forming urine. Through these structures,
your kidneys can filter your entire blood supply about 60 times each day!
Key Structures:
 Renal capsule: Tough outer covering that protects the kidney
 Cortex: Outer layer containing parts of nephrons
 Medulla: Inner layer containing collecting ducts
 Renal pelvis: Area where urine collects before entering ureter
 Nephron: Microscopic filtering unit containing multiple specialized sections
Task D: Labelling.
Label the inner structure of the kidney.

Medulla

Renal
capsul
Renal artery

Renal peris

collecting duct

Uretev

Task E: Short answer


Answer the following questions in 1-2 sentences:

1. Why does a person with kidney failure get swollen ankles and hands?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. How do nephrons help maintain blood pressure?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. Why can we survive with just one kidney, but not without any kidneys?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. Many people get kidney stones during hot weather. Why might this happen?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. Besides the kidneys, name two other ways our body removes waste products.
Explain one specific waste product removed by each.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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