DPM 95

A to E

A. Words along with their meaning, Pronunciation and usage

Guttural(v) adj

-of or relating to the throat.

-harsh; throaty.
The dog made guttural sounds when he sensed a stranger at the door.

Gargoyle( gahr-goil ) noun

-a grotesquely carved figure of a human or animal.

-a spout, terminating in a grotesque representation of a human or animal figure with open

mouth, projecting from the gutter of a building for throwing rain water clear of a building.
The gargoyle was choked which caused the rainwater to collect on the porch leading to the
house.

Gangway(gang-wey) noun

- passageway, especially a narrow walkway.

-an opening in the railing or bulwark of a ship, as that into which a gangplank fits.
-a gangplank.
The sailors lined up on the gangway to welcome the Admiral.
Groove(groov ) noun

-the track or channel of a phonograph record for the needle or stylus.

-a long, narrow cut or indentation in a surface, as the cut in a board to receive the
tongue of another board (tongue-and-groove joint), a furrow, or a natural indentation
on an organism.
I could not assemble the table as the grooves on the pieces did not match.

Grenadine(gren-uh-deen, gren-uh-deen)noun

-a thin fabric of leno weave in silk, nylon, rayon, or wool.

The grenadine quality of his jacket was not suitable for the sultry weather.

Gustatory (guhs-tuh-tawr-ee, -tohr-ee) adj

-of or relating to taste or tasting.

While working at the brewery, he learnt many gustatory techniques.

Greenhorn (green-hawrn) noun

-an untrained or inexperienced person.

-a naive or gullible person; someone who is easily tricked or swindled.

Although he had many years of experience, he was a greenhorn when it came to new
technology.

Grindstone(grahynd-stohn) noun

-a rotating solid stone wheel used for sharpening, shaping, etc.

-a millstone.
 The demanding boss kept everyone’s nose to the grindstone by preponing deadlines.

Gooseflesh(goos-flesh) noun

-a rough condition of the skin, resembling that of a plucked goose, induced by cold or
fear; horripilation.
I get gooseflesh when I think about the road accident that changed my life.

Gravitate(grav-i-teyt) verb

-to move or tend to move under the influence of gravitational force.

to tend toward the lowest level; sink; fall.

to have a natural tendency or be strongly attracted (usually followed by to or toward)

Like-minded people gravitate towards one another.

B. RC Passage (with Link)

Article 1: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-52718531

This article examines why the Bay of Bengal—the largest bay in the world—is the site of the
majority of the deadliest cyclones in world history. The article notes that the worst places for
storm surges happen to be shallow, concave bays with high sea surface temperatures; and that
the Bay of Bengal is a ‘textbook example of this type of geography’. The article goes on to
describe the latest super cyclone Amphan which wreaked havoc in West Bengal and Odisha
and compares the devastation caused by it to that of other super cyclones in the past.

Article 2: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/a-war-like-state-and-a-bond-to-the-
rescue/article31521062.ece

This article argues that in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic lockdown, which has cast a
shadow over the Indian economy, the government needs to issue a Consol Bond to pull the
economy from the brink. Criticising the ‘half measures’ announced by the government so far, the
author cautions that these would only ‘lull us into a false sense of security’. Instead, he
recommends that the central government issue a Consol Bond on a perpetual basis with a right
to call it back when it seems appropriate. The article argues that this is a more compelling
alternative than traditional options such as monetising the deficit, as it would be a risk free
investment for retail investors, besides offering several other benefits that would help the
economy get back on the growth path.

Article 3: https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/coronavirus-covid-19-test-kits-india-
lockdown-6419920/

This article argues that COVID-19 represents a paradigm shift for the biomedical industry and
that Indian businesses have the opportunity to build capacity quickly to cater to the
unprecedented global demand for ubiquitous testing over the next year or two. The authors
emphasise the need for the Indian biomedical companies to capitalise on this boom by
producing relatively cheap testing kits and predicts that if they are able to do so, the coronavirus
pandemic could do for our biomedical industry what the Y2K scare did for the Indian IT sector in
the early 2000s.

Article 4: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/rent-control-amidst-
pandemic/article31521840.ece

This article argues that laws mandating the registration of tenancies need to be made applicable
across states to cope with the current social and economic impacts of the Covid-19 lockdown.
The authors recommend a change in the current approach of the government which has been
‘ordering’ or requesting landlords to excuse rent and stop evictions on the basis of the Disaster
Management Act. They argue that, instead, the government should introduce these reforms
under a rent law, for registered tenancies, so that it will carry a far stronger legal sanction than
under a disaster law. The article also recommends the need for introducing a force majeure
clause in the Act for emergencies such as the pandemic.

Article 5: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/08/200807111926.htm
Climate researchers have found a link between hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean - and
threaten the United States - and a weather system in East Asia. A jet stream originating in East
Asia carries an atmospheric wave to the Atlantic Ocean that affects wind shear - a key element
in whether tropical storms develop.
C. RC Passage (with Questions)

Stem-cell therapy is nothing new. The transplantation of bone marrow to treat blood cancers
such as leukaemia and lymphoma has existed for decades. The therapy works because marrow
contains blood-forming stem cells that can replace the cells being destroyed.

But the stem cells involved in such treatments simply continue to perform their natural function .
What is new and concerning is the trend towards transplants in which the stem cells are
expected to behave in different ways, even though there is little empirical evidence to suggest
they can do so. The perils of that approach were highlighted recently, when researchers
reported the discovery of strange lumps of cells in the kidney of a woman who had undergone
stem-cell treatment in Thailand.

There are at present estimated to be more than 200 clinics worldwide offering what are
unproven stem-cell treatments for scores of disorders. The potential profits are huge – there is
an abundance of patients desperate for miracle cures, and one stem-cell treatment can bring in
tens of thousands of US dollars.

Practitioners at these clinics claim that their treatments are safe and effective. But they typically
base their claims on little more than patient testimonials and media accounts, and they lack
independent over-sight. Few offer evidence from controlled clinical studies or from rigorous
follow-up of their own patients.

Government regulation of stem cell clinics has so far been inconsistent and is difficult in any
case , owing to their cross-border appeal. But two non-governmental organizations have now
started offering information to help patients navigate the flood of nonsense and half-truths. In
April, the International Cellular Medicine Society (ICMS) started an ‘open treatment registry’
intended to act as a clearing house for patient and clinician testimony.
In principle, this represents a step in the right direction. But the ICMS needs to be rigorous
about requiring clinical trial data for the therapies offered by the clinics it certifies, working with
regulatory agencies and demanding that patient follow up be carried out by independent third
parties.

The primacy of such research is at the heart of another organization’s mission. In June, the
International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) launched a website with its own
evaluations of stem cell therapies, including a list of questions for patients to ask their doctors.

To be considered credible, the ISSCR and ICMS must identify and be transparent in dealing
with potential conflicts of interest. The ISSCR has made a good start, vowing to eject from the
society members who are affiliated with clinics that offer unproven stem-cell treatments.

The medical promise of stem-cells remains real but largely unrealized for now. The excitement
must not be left to dissolve into a muddle of disappointment , frustration and fear because of the
practices of a few irresponsible profiteers.

Q1) The passage suggests which of the following as likely to occur if regulations on stem-cell
treatment are not imposed?

(a) Many gullible patients would be duped by money-making rackets.

(b) Stem-cell treatment would become the panacea for all ills.
(c) The potentials of stem cells would be fully exploited.
(d) Many private organizations would undertake research and development in the field.
(e) People would be disappointed in the new technique because of the unscrupulous
practitioners.

(A) b and c (B) a and d (C) b and d (D) a and e (E ) d and e

Q2) The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) Analysing the current scenario with respect to a new line of treatment.
(B) Exploring the potentials held out by a new discovery in medical science.
(C) Suggesting steps to be taken to rectify the situation in a diagnostic procedure.
(D) Pointing out the shortcomings of a line of treatment and indicating ways to correct it.
(E) Cautioning the readers against being taken for a ride in the name of medical treatment.

Q3) What does the author find ‘concerning’ regarding the stem-cell treatments now being given?

(A) Quacks in developing countries would tarnish the image of the budding field.
(B) Stem-cell therapy is now touted to be a miracle cure for any and all ailments
(C) The treatment is now being offered by unlicensed practitioners who have no experience
in the field
(D) The unregulated environment would prevent the realization of the promise held out by
the nascent procedure
(E) The treatment now given may not be safe as they are not based on clinical studies and
objective assessments

Q4) As understood from the passage, which of the following is true about the International
Cellular Medicine Society(ICMS) and the International Society for Stem Cell Research(ISSCR) ?

(A) The ICMS and the ISSCR have been established to regularize the use of stem cells in
medical treatments.
(B) The ICMS and the ISSCR are organizations that seek to educate people on stem-cell
therapies to prevent them from getting duped.
(C) The ICMS and the ISSCR are world organizations set up to ensure clinical trials before a
line of treatment is put in practice.
(D) The ISSCR works to realize the potentials of stem cell therapy that are as yet unrealized.
D. Quantitative Aptitude

Directions for questions 1 and 2:

These questions are based on the information given below.

A certain number of platoons of soldiers, each with 420 soldiers grouped together at the
command centre. From there, they headed north in a straight line. Due to an emergency at the
command centre, every seventh solider was sent back and the remaining continued. After a
while, every second soldier was sent to attend to the wounded. Of the remaining, every sixth
one and every fifth soldier after that were sent in the east and the west directions respectively.

1. If the difference between the number of soldiers sent to attend to the wounded and the
soldiers heading west is 450, how many soldiers are there in all?
(A) 540 (B) 1680 (C) 1800 (D) 1260

2. The soldiers who were sent west came back and joined the main line after the four break-ups.
After that, these soldiers divided themselves in the ratio 3 : 7 and the latter segment headed
South-West. How many soldiers could have headed South-West?
(A) 190 (B) 440 (C) 420 (D) 1200

Q.3. The sales of cars in the US increases by 20% every year. There are only two competitors
in the market, GM and Ford. Their market shares are 45% and 55% respectively in 1991. in
1992 GM loses 20% its customers (in 1991) to Ford and Ford loses 40% of its customers (in
1991) to GM. If the market growth is divided in the ratio 3:1 in favour of GM. what's Ford's
market share in 1992?
(A) 47% (B) 40% (C) 39% (D) 25%

Q.4 Three consecutive positive integers are raised to the first, second and third powers
respectively and then added. The sum so obtained is a perfect square whose square root
equals the total of the three original integers. Which of the following best describes the
minimum, say, x, of these integers?
(A) 1≤m≤3 (B) 4 ≤ m ≤ 6 (C ) 7 ≤ m ≤ 9 (D) 10 ≤ m ≤ 12

Q.5. The engineers at a ship building yard decide to construct a ship in 60 days. They employed
50 men for the job. After 30 days into the work, they calculated that they would not be able to
complete the work on time. Hence, they brought in 10 more men and could finish the job on
time. If the engineers had not employed the additional manpower, how many extra days would
they have taken beyond the schedule?
(A) 11 days (B) 6 days (C) 10 days (D) 8 days

Q.6. Anil, Bharat and Sandeep start together in a Cycle race around a circular track. Anil takes 7
minutes to cover the track and takes rest for 2 minutes after each lap; Bharat takes 11 minutes
to cover the track and takes rest for 1 minute after each lap and Sandeep covers the track in 16
minutes and takes rest for 2 minutes after each lap. How long will it take for all three of them to
meet again at the starting point?
(A) 35 minutes (B) 34 minutes (C) 37 minutes (D) 36 minutes

Q.7. X is a point in rhombus PQRS such that sum of areas of ∆PXQ and ∆SXR is equal to 18√3
cm2. Find the side of an equilateral triangle whose area is equal to area of rhombus PQRS.
(A) 8cm (B) 10 cm (C) 12 cm (D) 18 cm

Q.8. The coordinates of the vertices of a rectangle ABCD take only integral values. If the
coordinates of the points A and C are (-5, 0) and (5, 0) respectively, then find the number of
such rectangles that can exist.
Q.9. The sum of the 1st 3 terms of a geometric progression is 9 and the sum of their squares is
27. Find the respective values of the 6 th, 7th and 8th terms of the progression.
(A) 3, 9 and 27 (B) 1/3, 1/3 and 1/3 (C) 3, 3 and 3 (D) 4, 16 and 64

Q.10. If |x+y|+|x-y| = 2, then the length of longest line that can be drawn connecting any two
points of form (x, y) lying the given curve is
(A) 3√2 units (B) 2√2 units (C) 4 units (D) 4√2 units
E. DILR – 1 Set

Directions for Q.1 to 4 :

These questions are based on the following information.

There are ten students in a play school named Sunrise. The students are - Mamta, Kalyan,
Arnab, Suneeta, Lakshmi, Ganesh, Nishant, Harsh, Rishi and Tulsi. The class teacher gave
four sheets to each of them and each of the four sheets has the picture of a different fruit
among Apple, Banana, Mango and Orange. The teacher asks them to identify the fruits. At
the end, it was found that no one was able to identify all the four fruits correctly and also
none of the fruits was identified correctly by all of them. lt is also found that

(i) The total number of students who identified a fruit correctly is different for any two fruits.

(ii) All the students who identified Apple correctly also identified Banana correctly.

(iii) Only Mamta, Arnab and Suneeta Identified one combination of fruits correctly.

(iv) Only Kalyan and Lakshmi identified the other combination of same fruits correctly.

(v) The number of students who identified Orange correctly is more than the number of
students who identified Mango correctly which in turn is more than the number of students
who identified Apple correctly.

(vi) Among all the sheets, only 29 sheets were correct. Tulsi cannot identify Banana correctly.

1. How many students identified Banana correctly?

(A) Eight (B) Seven (C) Nine (D) Five

2. Who among the following did not identify orange correctly?

(A) Mamta (B) Arnab (C) Lakshmi (D) Suneeta .

3. Which of the following could be the complete list of the people who cannot identify apple
correctly?

(A) Tulsi, Rishi, Lakshmi, Arnab.

(B) Tulsi, Ganesh, Nishant, Harsh, Lakshmi.

(C) Nishant, Ganesh, Arnab, Harsh.

(D) Nishant, Ganesh, Rishi, Harsh, Tulsi.

4. Who among the following identified both mango and apple correctly?

(A) Kalyan (B) Ganesh (C) Suneeta (D) Nishant