Math 8 Q1 Module 9
Math 8 Q1 Module 9
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 9:
Slope of a Line
Mathematics – Grade 8
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 9: Slope of a Line
First Edition, 2020
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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 9:
Slope of a Line
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate
to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the Slope of a Line. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.
Let us check your prior knowledge about linear equation in two variables and
slope of a line by answering the questions below.
11. Find the value of x so that the slope of the line containing the points P(2, – 3)
5
and Q(5, x) is .
3
A. 5
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
12. Find the slope of the given points (-1, 1) and (0, 2).
A. 1
B. 0
C. -1
D. Undefined
15. Find the value of 𝑥 such that the slope of the line containing the points, A (9,
x) and B (6, -2) is -1.
A. 1
B. 0
C. -1
D. -2
Lesson
9 Slope of a Line
Do you know that there are a lot of real-life experiences that you can apply
using slope of a line? Have you ever asked yourself how the steepness of the
mountain affects the speed of a mountaineer? How can the value of a quantity given
the rate of change be predicted? Roads, hills, stairways, or a tilted chair-back are all
application of slope.
What’s In
I know you already have the knowledge of the basic concepts on Rectangular
Coordinate Plane. To review our previous lesson, try to answer the Activity 1 below.
Direction: Answer the following questions correctly based on the given figures at the
right. Write your answers on the space provided.
H J
2. Write the coordinates of each point.
a. H __________ M
b. E __________
c. G __________ K B
d. F __________ A
E C G
3. In what quadrant/axis is each point
located?
a. C __________
b. B __________
c. L __________
What’s New
Have you tried riding a bicycle? Is there any difficulty you have encountered
in riding one? Here is an activity in which you can relate.
Hill #1 Hill #2
Hill #3 Hill #4
Hill #1
Probing questions:
2. Which hill will Laurenz gain more speed if he is going down two hills?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Roads, hills, stairways, or a tilted chair-back are all application of our next
lesson.
What is It
Below are important terminologies, notations and symbols that you must
learn and remember about slope of a line in this module.
Definition of Slope
The steepness of a line can be measured by the ratio of the change in vertical
distance, 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 to the change in the horizontal 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 , between any two points on
the line. This numerical value called the slope of a line represented by m.
We can get the slope of a line without looking at the graph. In order to get the
rise over run, subtract the y – coordinates to get the “rise”, and subtract the x -
coordinates of two given points to get the “run”.
Examples:
1. Find the slope of the line passing through the points (2, 3) and (4, -5).
Step 1: Use the formula. Please note
𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚= that regardless which value is your y1y2 𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 and x1x2, you will still arrive with the 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
−5 − 3 same answer. 3 − (−5)
= Step 2: Substitute the values of the =
4−2 2−4
coordinates to the formula.
−8 8
= Step 3: Simplify. =
2 −2
𝒎 = −𝟒 Step 4: Reduce to lowest terms, if 𝒎 = −𝟒
possible.
2. Find the slope of the line passing through the points (0, 1) and (1, 0).
𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚= 𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
1−0 0−1
= =
0−1 1−0
1 an Equation −1
Finding the Slope Given
= =
−1 1
If given an equation, there are two ways to find the slope. First, we identify the
𝒎 = −𝟏 𝒎 = −𝟏
slope given an equation by rewriting the given equation to the slope – intercept form,
y = mx + b, where m is the slope.
Example:
Another method to find the slope if given an equation of a line is to write the
𝑨
equation in the form Ax + By = C, where the slope (m) = − .
𝑩
Examples:
𝟖 𝐴
𝒎= − . Substitute to 𝑚 = − , then simplify.
𝟏𝟏 𝐵
Method 1:
−2𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 14 Rewrite in the form y = mx + b.
Add – 2y and 6x to both sides of the equation.
Addition Property of Equality (APE)
−2𝑦 6𝑥 + 14
= Divide both sides of the equation by -2. (DPE)
−2 −2
𝑦 = −3𝑥 − 7 Simplify.
Therefore, 𝒎 = −𝟑.
Method 2:
− 6𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 14 Rewrite in the Ax + By = C.
Add – 2y to both sides of the equation. Addition
Property of Equality (APE)
Therefore, 𝒎 = −𝟑.
To find the slope of a line from its graph, select any two arbitrary points on
the line.
Remember! The line never changes, so any pair of points you will get in the line will result
to the same slope.
Remember! After choosing the two points of the line, calculate the rise and run.
Remember! You can do “rise” (upward or downward), and you can only do “run” to the
right. If the point rise upward, the sign will always be positive, otherwise, it
will be negative.
Given these examples, what have you observed between the direction of the
line and its slope?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Let us have more examples.
Solution:
3. A B Step 1: Select any two points on
the line.
A (-3, 3) B (3, 3)
Step 2: Calculate the rise and
run.
No “rise”
upward/downward = 0
6 “run” to the right = 6
Step 3: Use the formula in
getting the slope.
𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝟎
𝒎= = =𝟎
𝒓𝒖𝒏 𝟔
Solution:
A
4. Step 1: Select any two points on
the line.
A (2, 3) B (2, -2)
Step 2: Calculate the rise and
run.
5 “rise”
B upward/downward = 5
No “run” to the right = 0
Step 3: Use the formula in
getting the slope.
𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒆 𝟓
𝒎= = = 𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒅
𝒓𝒖𝒏 𝟎
What have you observed with the slope of the line if it is parallel to the x –
axis?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Please take note of the different slope trends below for you to master the
concept more.
Slope Trends
An increasing A decreasing
line from left line from left
to right to right defines
defines a a negative
positive slope. slope.
It is now the perfect time to practice what you have learned. The next activity
will lead you to the correct answers if you follow the provided step by step process.
A. Find the slope of the line passing through (2, 3) and (4, -5).
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚= Step 1: Use the formula.
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
Step 2: Substitute the values of the
=
coordinates to the formula.
= Step 3: Simplify.
Method 1:
_____________________ Rewrite in the form y = mx + b.
Add –3x to both sides of the equation. Addition
Property of Equality (APE)
_____________________ Simplify.
Therefore, 𝒎 = _________.
Method 2:
_____________________ Is it written in the form Ax + By = C?
Yes or No?
Therefore, 𝒎 = _________.
1. Blue Line
Step 1: Select two arbitrary points.
______________________
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
Step 3: Use the formula 𝑚 = ,
𝑟𝑢𝑛
Then, substitute the values
of rise and run.
______________________
2. Red Line
Step 1: Select two arbitrary points.
______________________
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
Step 3: Use the formula 𝑚 = ,
𝑟𝑢𝑛
Then, substitute the values
of rise and run.
______________________
Good job! I am so happy that you have understood the lessons. Now, get ready
for another learning battle ahead!
What I Have Learned
The next activity will sum up what you have learned in your lesson in relation
to slope of a line. Let us get started!
Direction: Solve the following problems. Write your answers on the space provided.
1. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 5 __________
2. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 7 __________
3. 2x − 3y = 5 __________
4. 7𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 10 = 0 __________
5. y=5 __________
Nice work! Now you’re up for the final challenge of this module.
What I Can Do
Here is another activity that will let you apply what you have learned about
the slope of a line by relating it to real-life situations.
2. The graph below shows Manang Inday’s weekly sales of Lumpiang Tauge
at the school canteen.
Great work! You did a good job in applying what you have learned!
Assessment
Let us test how far you have understood the lessons by answering the
following questions.
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
3 1
2. Find the slope of the given points (1, ) and (2, − ).
2 2
a. 2
b. 0
c. -2
d. Undefined
6. Find x so that the slope of the line containing the points A(3, -3) and
B(x, 7) is undefined.
a. 0
b. 3
c. 7
d. cannot be determined
7. Which of the following pair of points has a slope of 4?
a. (-4, 0) and (-4, 2)
b. (2, -4) and (0, 4)
c. (0, -4) and (2, 4)
d. (4, 2) and (4, 0)
11. Given the line y = mx + 7 that passes through the point (6, 13), what is the
slope of the line?
a. 1
b. 0
c. -1
d. Undefined
12. Find the value of x so that the slope of the line containing the points
5
P(2, – 3) and Q(5, x) is .
3
a. 5
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1
13. Determine x, so that the three points (x, – 3), (9, 1), and (13, 2) will lie on
a straight line.
a. -7
b. -8
c. -9
d. -10
14. What is the slope of the line crosses the y – axis at 10 and includes (6, 4)?
a. 1
b. -1
c. -5
d. no slope
15. A ladder is placed against a wall. The foot of a ladder is 3 feet away from
the wall and top of the ladder touches the wall at 15 feet off the ground.
What is the slope of the ladder?
3
a.
15
1
b.
5
c. 5
d. 15
Congratulations! You made it until the end of our lesson. Now, do the activity
below independently as your assignment.
Direction: On the grid paper provided below, mark the points that would lead you
to the treasure. You will be guided by applying the slopes below the point
where you last stop.
START
HERE
Procedure:
A. Mark your starting point (0, 0).
B. With the aid of the slopes starting with number 1, move to the next
point. A correct solution will trace the route to the treasure.
1. 4 4. 3 /2 7. 1 /4
2. 3/2 5. – 5 / 3 8. -1
3. 1 /2 6. 8 /3 9. 3/2