Name: Muhammad Abdullah Roll No:2022-EE-019
EE-322L Analog and Digital Communication Marks Obtained: ________
Lab Report
Experiment No.1
Exponential Fourier Series
Technical Background
The Exponential Fourier Series is a mathematical method used to express periodic signals as
a sum of complex exponentials. Unlike the traditional Fourier series, which uses sine and
cosine functions, the exponential form simplifies the representation by using complex
exponentials, making it more concise and efficient, particularly in contexts like differential
equations and signal analysis. This approach allows periodic signals to be described in terms
of their frequency components, offering a powerful tool for analyzing systems in the
frequency domain.
Objectives
To calculate and plot exponential Fourier series coefficients
Procedure
1. First, to evaluate the Fourier series coefficients, we’ll use
π
= 14 e 4 sinc( nπ )
− jn
Dn
𝑛 = [−10, −9, … … … .10],
To plot the magnitude ¿ Dn∨¿ and phase ∠ Dn of the first twenty-one coefficients
Versus frequency (rad/sec), we’ll write the following code into the script file of
MATLAB:
Figure 1. MATLAB code to plot Magnitude and Phase of Fourier series Coefficients
This will plot the combined plots of the Magnitude and Phase of the first 21 coefficients
of Fourier series.
For a periodic signal, the time period is:
2π
T=
ω0
So, the time period of its corresponding time domain signal is:
2π
T = =8
π
4
Figure 2. Plot for Magnitude and Phase Spectrum of Fourier Series Coefficients
The magnitude spectrum shows how various frequencies combine to form the overall
signal, helping us identify the most prominent ones. On the other hand, the phase
spectrum reveals the timing of these frequency components, which is crucial for
accurately reconstructing the signal.
2. Secondly, we’ve to plot an approximation to its time domain signal D(t) for the above
twenty-one terms of Fourier series exponentials of Dn using
𝐷(𝑡) =
n=10
∑ Dn e jn ω t
0
n=−10
Figure 3. MATLAB code to plot approximation for its corresponding signal in time domain
𝑡 = [0: 0.01: 8]
For the following plot, we selected time as
Figure 4. Plot of approximation to above coefficients corresponding in time domain
Conclusion
In this experiment, we calculated and plotted the exponential Fourier series coefficients,
highlighting both the magnitude and phase spectra. The results reveal the signal's harmonic
structure, with the magnitude spectrum displaying how much each frequency contributes and
the phase spectrum showing the phase shifts of those frequencies.
Rubrics for Experiment No.
Performance Exceeds Meets expectation Does not meet Marks
expectation (0.5)/(1)/(1) expectation
(1)/(2)/(2) (0)/(0)/(0)
R1: Knowledge of Has required Has partial Has no knowledge
required functions knowledge for knowledge for code for code
for code design. code
Marks: 0-1
R2: Simulation of Simulates all the Needs guidance toIncapable to
experiment tasks correctly by simulate the tasks
simulate the tasks
Marks: 0-2 himself correctly correctly by
himself even with
guidance
R3: Demonstrate Correct results are Results are Results are
proper results with provided with provided with provided with
justification required minor errors and/or major errors and/or
Marks: 0-2 justification with little with no
justification justification
Rubrics for Lab Manual No.
Performan Exceeds Meets Does not meet Marks
ce expectation expectation expectation
(0.5)/(0.5)/(0.5) (-)/(0.25)/ (0)/(0)/(0)
(0.25)
R1: Timely The submission is --- Late submission
submission on time
Marks: 0-
0.5
R2: Report All relevant All the relevant Most of the relevant
completene calculations, calculations, graphs, results,
ss specifications, specifications, calculations,
code, graphs, and code, graphs specifications, and
Marks: 0-
results are and results are code are missing, as
0.5
provided with provided but well as their proper
proper with little explanation and
explanation. explanation and justification is
justification. missing
R3: Error- The submitted Some parts of The submitted
free writeup assignment is the submitted assignment is
without any assignment mostly plagiarized
Marks: 0-
plagiarism and contain and contain
0.5 formatting errors. formatting errors formatting errors.
and plagiarized
material.
