C G M B K A J L E I D F H

2024 ( )

2024 10 20

2024 ( ) 1 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• Easy: C G M
• Easy-Medium: B K
• Medium: A J L
• Medium-Hard: D E I
• Hard: F H

2024 ( ) 2 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

C.

•
2 1
2
•

2
•
•

2024 ( ) 3 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

G.

• n
1 k
1
2 ≤ n ≤ 2 · 105 , 1 ≤ m ≤ 5 · 105
•

2024 ( ) 4 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

Fun fact:

2024 ( ) 5 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

•
• 1

•
•

• O(n + m) O(n + m)

2024 ( ) 6 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

M.

∑n
• f (a, b) i=1 f (n, i)
1 ≤ n ≤ 109
•

2024 ( ) 7 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• f (a, b) i b
a
• i a f (n, p) 1 ≤ p < n
n d1 , d2 , . . . , dm
di ≤ p < di+1 1≤i<m f (n, p)
n
di di p =n f (n, n) = 1
•
∑
m−1
n
1+ (di+1 − di )
di
i=1
• n
√
• O( n) O(d(n)) d(n)
n

2024 ( ) 8 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

B.

•
>0
n ≤ 105
•

2024 ( ) 9 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

Fun fact:

2024 ( ) 10 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

x
•
(a, b) (a, x), (x, b) |ab| · dis(x, ab)
dis x ab x

2024 ( ) 11 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• x

dis(x, ab)
•

• O(n log n)

2024 ( ) 12 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

K.

• n m
wi
[li , ri ]

[0, +∞) m

2024 ( ) 13 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• wi

•
∑ti i
ti = ∑
ri t>m wi
ti t=m ti ≥ li
• i j

•
i
• wi j lj
i
• i 0 i
wi w

2024 ( ) 14 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• j
wj
j wj

i t −l w(t − l) i
wi
• r −t w(r − t)
i i −1 r −t
ti
• O(n log n) O(n)

2024 ( ) 15 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• L R DAG
0/1 dfs 0/1

[L, R]
DAG 100
200 L ≤ R ≤ 106
•

2024 ( ) 16 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• 20
i i +1
0 1 0
1
xxx xxx00..00
xxx00...01 ... xxx11...11
• [L, R]

2024 ( ) 17 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• L
′ 0′ 0 1
0 L′ 1
R′
• R′ ≤ R [L′ , R′ ]

• R
′ 1′ 1
0 0 L′
1 R′
[L′ , R′ ]

2024 ( ) 18 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

•
• L = 00110101, R = 11101110
• [L, R]
• L1 = 00110101, R1 = 00110101
• L2 = 00110110, R2 = 00110111
• L3 = 00111000, R3 = 00111111
• L4 = 01000000, R4 = 01111111
• L5 = 10000000, R5 = 10111111
• L6 = 11000000, R6 = 11011111
• L7 = 11100000, R7 = 11100111
• L8 = 11101000, R8 = 11101011
• L9 = 11101100, R9 = 11101101
• L10 = 11101110, R10 = 11101110

2024 ( ) 19 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

•
[L, R] [Li , Ri ]
Ri Li LCP 11...1
00...0
Li Ri LCP
• L R
[Li , Ri ] Li Ri LCP L
R 0 1 40
20 100
•

2024 ( ) 20 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

J.

• n ai 1
1 m

2024 ( ) 21 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• n, m
• n2 j j +1
O(n 2 )
•

O(n log n)

2024 ( ) 22 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

L.

• n n(n−1)
2

X E(X 2 ) 998244353
• dfs

2024 ( ) 23 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• ( n(n−1)
2 )2 X2
( n(n−1)
2 )2
• e1 , e2 , ..., ek X2
∑k ∑
(|e1 | + |e2 | + ... + |ek |)2 = i=1 |ei |
2 + 1≤i,j≤k |ei | · |ej |
|ei | 1
• ei
(ei , ej )
• 1 siz[u] u sum[u]
∑
u siz v∈subtreeu (siz[v])2

2024 ( ) 24 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• (u, v)
u v
(u, v)
(siz[v])2 · (n − siz[v])2
• (ei , ej )
u
u u

• u
u u
u v v
∑
2 · (n − siz[v])2 · (sum[v] − (siz[v])2 )
v∈sonu
• u
∑
v1 ,v2 ∈sonu sum[v 1 ] · sum[v2 ]
•
• O(n) O(n)

2024 ( ) 25 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

E.

• m vi , n x1 , ..., xn

109 + 7
• n, m ≤ 500
• DP

2024 ( ) 26 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• m = O(n),
t = xvji n∗m t
⌊ m2 ⌋
•
t pi
1 − pi ⌊ m2 ⌋

O(n 2 ) O(n 4 )

2024 ( ) 27 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• n2 t
pi O(n 3 )
O(n) O(n 2 )
t
• O(n 2 ) t
xi
t t= vj
t pj
dp

• pi x + (1 − pi )
x m/2
O(n)
O(n 3 )

2024 ( ) 28 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

I.

•
/
M, S
• M , S ≤ 1010 ≤ 105 010
• DP,

2024 ( ) 29 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• M M
•
∏M
2 ≤ x∑
1 ≤ x2 ≤ ... ≤ xt xi = M
S − xi 1 x
• B B 1∏
dp B ≤ x1 ≤ x2 ≤ ... ≤ xt ( xi )|M

2024 ( ) 30 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• dp fi,j,s i
j s

• σ(n) n f
O(σ(M )B 2 log M ) O((σ ∗ σ)(M )B log M )
(σ ∗ σ) 1
• B = 500

2024 ( ) 31 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

D.

• 2×n

S 2 = SS abcabc tt
•

2024 ( ) 32 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• S T
S T
$1 $2 n = |S| = |T |
1 ≤ i ≤ j ≤ k ≤ n S[i, j)T [j, k) k −i

• S T

•
2d [1, n] [1, d], [d + 1, 2d], . . . , [pd + 1, n]
⌈ nd ⌉ 2d = k − i
S[i, j)T [j, k) [i, k) ⌈ nd ⌉
[(p − 1)d + 1, pd]
j

2024 ( ) 33 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• 1.j ≤ (p − 1)d + 1 T [(p − 1)d + 1, pd]

d [j, k)
• j = (p − 1)d + 1 − lcs(T [1, (p − 1)d], T [1, pd])
• k = pd + 1 + lcp(T [(p − 1)d + 1, n], T [pd + 1, n])
• i = j − lcs(S[1, j − 1], T [1, j − 1 + d])
• k − i ≥ 2d
T

2024 ( ) 34 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• 2. (p − 1)d + 1 < j ≤ pd S T
lcp(S[(p −
1)d + 1, n], S[pd + 1, n]) + lcs(S[1, (p − 1)d], S[1, pd]) ≥ n

• 3. j > pd

• SA+RMQ O(n log n) − O(1) lcp lcs

∑⌊n/2⌋
O(n log n) + d=1 (n/d) × O(1) = O(n log n)
lcp lcs log

2024 ( ) 35 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

F.

• N xi wi ,
>
< Q
ti ai
• 1 ≤ N , Q ≤ 105 , −109 ≤ xi , wi ≤ 109 �0 ≤ ti ≤ 109
•

2024 ( ) 36 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

•
/

O(N )
•

O(N log N )

2024 ( ) 37 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

H.

• s, t s n pair (len, v)
len v s s′ ′
si∗k = si
gcd(k, len(s)) = 1 s′ t
109
+7
• len(t) ≤ 10,len(s) ≤ 109 , n ≤ 1000
• dp

2024 ( ) 38 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

• d = k −1 (mod L)
• dp
{s} s0 , sd , s2d , . . .

• f (L, d, M ) M

2024 ( ) 39 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

•
• 1. 2d > L f (L, d, M ) → f (L, L − d, M ′ )
0
• 2. f (L, d, M ) → f (d, d − (L mod d), M ′ )
M d
+

• L=1 M
• 2 O(nm 3 log n log L)

2024 ( ) 40 / 41
C G M B K A J L E I D F H

Thank you!

2024 ( ) 41 / 41