Logarithms Prashant Sir

1. Find the logarithms of the following numbers to the base 2.

(i) 1 (ii) 2 (iii) 4 (iv) 8
1 1 1
(v) (vi) (vii) (viii) 2
2 32 16
3 1 1
(ix) 8 (x) 2 2 (xi) 5
(xii) 7
2 8
1
2. Find the logarithms of the following numbers to the base .
3
1 1
(i) 1 (ii) (iii) (iv) 3
3 9
3 1
(v) 9 (vi) 81 (vii) 3 (viii) 7
3
1
(ix) 9 3 (x) 4
9 3
3. Find all values of 'a' for which each of the following equalities hold true.
(i) log2a = 2 (ii) loga2 = 1
(iii) loga1 = 0 (iv) log10(a(a + 3)) = 1
(v) log1/3(a2 – 1) = –1 (vi) log2(a2 – 5) = 2
4. Find the logarithms of the following numbers to the base 3.
(i) 1 (ii) 3 (iii) 9 (iv) 81
1 1
(v) (vi) 3 (vii) (viii) 27 3
3 3 3
7
(ix) 9
1
5. Find the logarithms of the following numbers to the base .
2
1 1
(i) 1 (ii) (iii) (iv) 16
2 8
1 1
(v) 2 (vi) (vii) 2 2 (viii) 4
2 4 2
6. Find all values of 'a' for which the following equalities hold true.
(i) log3a = 2 (ii) log1/3 (a) = 4
(iii) log1/3(a) = 0 (iv) loga1 = 0
(v) loga(a + 2) = 2 (vi) log3(a2 + 1) = 1

7. Find all values of x for which the following equalities hold true.
(i) log2x2 = 1 (ii) log3x = log3(2 – x)
(iii) log4x2 = log4x (iv) log1/2(2x + 1) = log1/2(x + 1)
2
(v) log1/3(x + 8) = –2

8. Find all the values of x for which the following equalities hold true.
(i) log2x2 = 2 (ii) log1/4x2 = 1
(iii) log1/2x – log1/2(3 – x) = 0 (iv) log2(x + 1) – log2(2x – 3) = 0

9. Find the logarithms of the following numbers to the base 5.

(i) 1 (ii) 5 (iii) 25 (iv) 625
1 1 1
(v) (vi) (vii) (viii) 5
5 25 5
1 1
4
(ix) 52 (x) 53 (xi) 53 5

10. Find value of the following

(i) log 3 2  52 6 (ii) log 5 1

(6+2 5)

(iii) log73. log52.log37.log2(125) (iv) 25 log 5 3

1
(v) 6 log 5 + 3 log
6 9 16
(vi) log6 4 +
log 9 6
11. Find the value of following
  
(i) log5   (ii) log3(4 sin2 (x) + 4 cos2 (x) – 1 )
 5
500 4
(iii) log12 8 + log123 + log126 (iv) log5 – log5
3 3
15 13 
(v) log39 + log39 – log39 (vi) 2log62 + 3log63 + log612
7 3 21
1. If 2a = 3 and 9 b = 4 then value of (ab) is-
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

2. If log2 ( 4 + log3 (x) ) = 3 , then sum of digits of x is -

(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 18

3. Sum of all the solution(s) of the equation log10 (x) + log10 (x + 2) – log10 (5x + 4) = 0 is-
(A) –1 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

4. The product of all the solutions of the equation x1 log x = 100000x is-
10

(A) 10 (B) 105 (C) 10–1 (D) 1

5. If x1 and x2 are the roots of equation e3/2. x 2nx = x4, then the product of the roots of the
equation is -
(A) e2 (B) e (C) e3/2 (D) e–2

6. If log2 (x2 + 1) + log13 (x2 + 1) = log2 (x2 + 1) log13 (x2 + 1), (x 0), then log7 (x2 + 24) is equal
to
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

  a 4 b3 
7. Given log3 a = p = logbc and logb9 = 2 .If log9   = p3 + p2 + p + pR– {0}),
p  c 
then equals
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

8.    
If loga 1  1  x = log a2 3  1  x , then number of solutions of the equation is-
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinitely many

9. The number of solution(s) of  

log 3 3x 2 .log 9 81x  = log9 x3 is-
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

10. Product of solutions of equation |log2 x| = 3 is-

(A) 2 (B) 1/2 (C) 4 (D) 1/4

11. If x, y 2n when n I and 1 + logxy = log2y, then the value of (x + y) is

(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8

12. If n N such that characteristic of n2 to the base 8 is 2, then number of possible values of n is-
(A) 14 (B) 15 (C) 448 (D) infinite
  ab 
 ab2 – 4  a  b   ab 
 ab2 – 4  a  b 
1. Let A denotes the value of log10  + log10 
 2   2 
   

when a = 43 and b = 57 and B denotes the value of the expression 2  log 6 18

 · 3  .
log 6 3

Find the value of (A·B).

2. Compute the following :

log b  log b N 
1 4 / 3
(a) log1/3 729. 9 .27
4 3
(b) a log b a

3. Find the square of the sum of the roots of the equation

log3x.log4 x.log5 x = log3 x.log4 x + log4 x.log5 x + log5 x .log3 x.

4. Calculate : 4
5 log 4 2 3 6 6 log 
8 3 2 

1 3
log 6 3
 
 
log5 9
3
2

 125
81 log 25 6
5. Simplify : . 7 log 25 7

409  

 1
log1/ 5   4 1
 2
6. Simplify : 5 + log + log1/ 2
2
7 3 10  2 21

2
7. Given that log2a = s, log4b = s2 and log c2 (8) = .
s 1
3

a 2 b5
Write log2 4 as a function of 's' (a,b,c > 0, c 1).
c

8. Find the value of 49(1log7 2) + 5 log 4. 5

log 2 24 log 2 192

9. Prove that –  3.
log 96 2 log12 2

10. Prove that ax– by = 0 where x = log a b & y = log b a , a >0 , b > 0 & a , b 1.
11. Solve the following equations :
(i) logx–13 = 2

1
(ii) log4 (2 log3 (1 + log2 (1 + 3log3 x))) =
2
(iii) log3(1 + log3(2X – 7)) = 1
(iv) log3(3X – 8) = 2 – x

(v)

log 2 9  2x  1
3x
(vi) log5–x(x2 – 2x + 65) = 2
(vii) log105 + log10(x +10) –1 = log10(21x–20) – log10(2x–1)

(viii) x1 log10 x = 10x

(ix) 2(logx 5 )2– 3logx 5 +1=0

(x) 3 + 2logx+13 = 2log3(x + 1)

12. Solve the following equations :

 x2 
(i) log 21/ 2 (4x)+ log2   = 8 (ii) log0.5xx2–14log16x x3+40log 4x x = 0
 8

 2  x  2 
(iii) log3(4.3x – 1) = 2x + 1 (iv) log5   = log5 
 10   x  1

(v) 1 + 2log(x+2)5 = log5(x + 2) (vi) log424x = 2log 2 4


(vii) log2(4.3x – 6) – log2(9x – 6) = 1 (viii) 2log8 (2x)+ log8 (x2 + 1 – 2x) =
3

(ix) log 32 6 – log 23 2 = ( log 210 x –2)log312

(x) log62x+3 – log6(3x – 2) = x (xi) 3x 2  7.2 x  3.9


 9 3 log  7  x  = 0
  
1. If x = log2  56  56  56  56  ......  , then which of the following statements holds
 
good ?
(A) x < 0 (B) 0 < x < 2 (C) 2 < x < 4 (D) 3 < x < 4

2. The greatest value of (4log10x – logx (.0001)) for 0 < x < 1 is-
(A) 4 (B) –4 (C) 8 (D) –8

3. The number of integral solutions of | log5 x2– 4 | = 2+ | log5 x – 3 | is-

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 0

1 a  b
a b 21 b
4. If 60 = 3 and 60 = 5 then the value of 12 equals
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 3 (D) 12

log b c a  log c  b a
5. Let ABC be a triangle right angled at C. The value of (b + c c – b 1)
log b c a.log c  b a
equals
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 1/2

6. If and are the roots of the equation (log2x)2 + 4(log2x) – 1 = 0 then the value of
log+ logequals
(A) 18 (B) – 16 (C) 14 (D) – 18

7. If the product of the roots of the equation x2 3kx  2e2log k1  0 is 7, then the roots of the
equation are real if k equals-
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) –2 (D) ± 2

[MULTIPLE CORRECT CHOICE TYPE]

  + log 
2 2
8. If log   = 79, (> 0, > 0, 1, ) then value of

 log  + log  can be-

 

(A) 7 (B) –9 (C) 9 (D) –7

1. Let a and b be real numbers greater than 1 for which there exists a positive real number c,
different from 1, such that 2(logac + logbc) = 9logabc. Find the largest possible value of loga b.

2 3
2. Find the value of the expression 
log 4  2000 log 5  2000
6 6

3. Given that log23 = a, log35 = b and log72 = c, express the logarithm of the number 63 to the
base 140 in terms of a, b & c.

4. If a, b and c are positive real numbers such that alog 3 7

= 27; blog 7 11
= 49 and clog
11 25
= 11 .


Find the value of a
log3 7
2

 b
log 7 11
2

 c
log11 25
2

.
x
5. If 'x' and 'y' are real numbers such that 2log(2y – 3x) = logx + logy, find
y

6. The real x and y satisfy log8x + log4y2 = 5 and log8y + log4x2 = 7, find xy.

7. If a = log1218 & b = log2454 then find the value of ab + 5(a – b).

8. Solve the system of equations :

loga xlaga (xyz) = 48
logayloga(xyz) = 12, a > 0, a  1
logazloga(xyz) = 84

9. Let y = log 2 3.log 2 12.log 2 48.log 2 192  16  log 2 .12 log2 48 + 10. Find y N.

10. Let 'L' denotes the antilog of 0.4 to the base 1024.
and 'M' denotes the number of digits in 610 (Given log102 = 0.3010, log103 = 0.4771)
and 'N' denotes the number of positive integers which have the characteristic 2, when base
of the logarithm is 6. Find the value of LMN.